Lantana tiliifolia Chamisso (1832: 122)

Cardoso, Pedro Henrique, Valério, Vanessa Imaculada Dos Reis, Neto, Luiz Menini & Salimena, Fátima Regina Gonçalves, 2021, Verbenaceae in Espírito Santo, Brazil: richness, patterns of geographic distribution and conservation, Phytotaxa 484 (1), pp. 1-43 : 18-19

6.8. Lantana tiliifolia Chamisso (1832: 122) . (Fig. 2B)

Shrubs 0.6‒1.5 m high, branches tetragonal, armed with prickles, abundant pedicellate glandular trichomes. Leaves opposite, petiole 0.9‒2.4 cm long; blade 4‒8.5 × 3.5‒7.7 cm, chartaceous, cordiform or ovate, apex acute-acuminate, base cordate, rarely obtuse, margin crenate or serrate, ciliate, adaxial surface opaque, densely strigose to pubescent, abundant pedicellate glandular trichomes, smooth, abaxial surface tomentose to villous, abundant pedicellate glandular trichomes. Inflorescences 1‒1.8 cm long, rachis not elongated in fructification, 1 per axil, peduncle 4.5‒13.8 cm long, abundant pedicellate glandular trichomes; bracts unequal, external 7‒8 mm long, oblong to lanceolate, internal 5‒5.5 mm long, narrow-elliptical, abaxial surface villous, glandular sessile and pedicellate trichomes, margin ciliate; calyx ca. 2 mm long, 2-lobed, externally covered by pedicellate glandular trichomes, ciliate, not accrescent in fruit; corolla 1‒1.5 cm long, red, orange, yellow, pink or lilac. Fruit ca. 5 mm long, purple, external surface smooth.

Distribution and habitat:— Lantana tiliifolia is widely distributed in the Neotropical Region ( Silva 1999, Silva & Lima 2012). In Brazil, it occurs in the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest ( Silva et al. 2020). In Espírito Santo, L. tiliifolia is a common species, found in seasonal semideciduous forest, inselberg, restinga, rocky shore, and is frequent in disturbed areas. It was collected inside the following SPAs of this state: Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha, Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, and Reserva Biológica de Sooretama.

Phenology:— Collected with flowers and fruits from February to December.

Preliminary conservation assessment: —This is a common species, presents wide distribution ( Silva 1999, Silva & Lima 2012), and occurs inside PAs in South America. Considered “Least Concern” ( IUCN 2019).

Selected material:— BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Águia Branca , 20 December 2007, fl., V . Demuner et al. 4837 ( CESJ, MBML); Alegre , 22 July 2008, fl. and fr., A. P . Fontana et al. 5426 ( MBML); Anchieta , 1 February 2012, fl. and fr., N. E . Oliveira Filho & D. T . Wandekoker 20 ( CESJ, VIES); Barra de São Francisco , 22 November 2000, fl. and fr., L . Kollmann et al. 3367 ( CESJ, MBML); Colatina , 20 March 2007, fl. and fr., V . Demuner et al. 3247 ( CESJ, MBML); Conceição da Barra , 12 March 2007, fl., L. F. T . Menezes et al. 1587 ( CESJ, SAMES); Domingos Martins , 27 July 1987, fl., A. A . Machado s.n. ( CESJ 65159 , VIES 1609 ); Guarapari, Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha , 29 July 2006, fl., R. T . Valadares 16 ( CESJ, VIES); Itarana , 20 September 2018, fl. and fr., P. H . Cardoso et al. 40 ( CESJ); Jaguaré , 13 October 2009, fl. and fr., A. M . Assis & E . Thomazeli 2169 ( MBML); João Neiva , 7 July 2005, fl. and fr., R . Reis 47 ( CESJ, CVRD); Linhares, Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, 11 November 1979, fl. and fr., D. Tinceira s.n. ( R 140298 ); Nova Venécia , 8 September 1989, fl., H. Q. B . Fernandes et al. 2811 ( CESJ, MBML); Piúma , 14 February 2009, fl., F. L . Santos 23 ( CESJ, MBML); Rio Bananal , 25 April 2007, fl., V . Demuner et al. 3808 ( CESJ, MBML); Santa Maria de Jetibá , 12 December 2016, fl. and fr., L . Kollmann 13273 ( CESJ, MBML); Santa Teresa , 10 December 1987, fl. and fr., H. Q. B . Fernandes 2266 ( CESJ, MBML); São Gabriel da Palha , 29 September 2009, fl. and fr., A. M . Assis 2118 ( MBML); São Mateus , 15 May 2015, fl., A. F. A . Scheidegger 16 ( CESJ, SAMES); Serra , 8 October 2010, fl. and fr., R . Santos et al. 4 ( VIES); Vila Velha , 6 August 2007, fl., F. B. C . Souza et al. 21 ( VIES); Vitória , 6 May 1985, fl. and fr., O. J . Pereira 457 ( CESJ, VIES) .

Notes:— Lantana tiliifolia is characterized by the presence of pedicellate glandular trichomes distributed along the entire plant; branches armed with prickles; cordiform or ovate leaves; peduncles longer than the leaves; unequal bracts, and red, orange, yellow, pink or lilac corolla. This species can be differentiated from L. camara and L. caudata by the cordiform or ovate leaves, with cordate or obtuse base, dark green adaxial surface, and unequal bracts.

Illustrations in Silva (1999).