Eustrophopsis bicolor ( Fabricius, 1798 )

Pollock, Darren, 2008, Review of the Canadian Eustrophinae (Coleoptera, Tetratomidae), ZooKeys 2 (2), pp. 261-290 : 277-278

Eustrophopsis bicolor ( Fabricius, 1798)

( Figs 5 , 12 , 21 , 29 )

Mycetophagus bicolor Fabricius, 1798: 497 (type (s) not examined); Melsheimer, 1853: 143; Le- Conte, 1873: 335; Provancher, 1877: 467; Horn, 1888: 35; Weiss, 1919: 133; Leng, 1920: 238; Csiki, 1924: 8; Viedma 1971; Poole and Gentili 1996: 299; LeSage 1991: 246.

According to LeConte (1873: 335) “the proper authority for this species is Say, its first describer; Mycetophagus bicolor Fabr. is probably a Platydema ”. I have seen no other such reference, and all sources consulted have listed Fabricius as the author of this species; this was done even by Say (1826).

Diagnosis Members of this species are readily distinguished by the following combination of features: outer surface of meso- and metatibiae with numerous transverse ridges; eyes narrowly separated; much of ventral surface reddish, contrasting darker dorsal color; antennomere 11 yellow-red, exhibiting a distinct contrast to antennomeres 5-10.

Description TL 4.2-6.5 mm; GEW 2.0- 3.2 mm. Body ( Fig. 5 ) elongate oval, moderately tapered posteriorly; dorsal color dark piceous to black; antennae tricolored: antennomeres 1-4 red, 5-10 piceous, antennomere 11 yellow-red, distinctly contrasting against preceding darker antennomeres; maxillary palpi similar in color to basal antennomeres; venter a combination of dark (same as dorsum) and lighter colored sclerites (abdominal ventrites in most specimens contrasting darker color of thorax); dorsal pubescence relatively long, conspicuous; eyes narrowly separated ( Fig. 12 ), or almost contiguous (space <length of antennomere 1), inner margin moderately emarginate; antennomeres ( Fig. 21 ) 2-4 short, submoniliform, antennomeres 5-10 widened, becoming more triangular toward antennomeres 9-10; antennal sensilla completely annular (as in Fig. 25 ); last maxillary palpomere not modified; procoxal process triangular, narrowed distally, extended to slightly short of posterior margin of procoxae; prothoracic episternal suture present; elytral punctation coarse, punctures arranged in longitudinal striae ( Fig. 5 ); meso- and metatibiae with oblique ridges present (as in Fig. 15 ).

Distribution ( Fig. 29 ) Th is is one of the most widely distributed Nearctic species of Eustrophinae , with a primarily eastern distribution. In Canada, it has not been collected west of Winnipeg, MB and extends east to Quebec. In the United States, it seems to have a mainly eastern distribution, although specimens have been collected in Arizona, California and Idaho. Specimens are also known from Mexico. US distribution: AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NM, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV, WY.

Natural history Chantal (1985: 53) noted the species as occurring under dead tree bark and also gave the following as fungal substrates on which adults were collected: Pleurotus sapidus , Polyporus squamosus , P. betulinus , P. versicolor , P. confragosa . Adults of E. bicolor are known to be often found in the same micro-habitats as S. repandus ( Chantal 1985; Pollock, pers. observ.). In the summer of 2005, the author found multiple adults of E. bicolor and S. repandus on and in a rotting fungusy log near Lockport, MB. From 2006 to 2008, specimens were collected on the same log; in the summer of 2008, E. bicolor was absent, but S. repandus were still present. Label data: underside of fungusy, dead log at night (MB), on piece of cut wood at night (MB), fungusy stump of Acer negundo (MB), bracket fungus (ON), in rotting Pleurotus (PQ), on trunk of dead Ulmus americana (PQ), under bark of dead maple (PQ), under bark of rotting trunk of Pinus eliottii with polypore fungi ( Bahamas), ex Fomes on Salix ( Bahamas) , under bark of Fagus (AR), Trametes versicolor (AR), Meripilus giganteus (AR), polypore tree fungus (AR), under rotting oak bark (CT), in litter at base of dying Ailanthus (CT), large orange polypore shelf fungus [? Polyporus sulphureus ] on standing tree trunk (CT), Omphalotus olearius (CT), under bark (DE), shelf fungi (FL), Griffolia fungus (FL), Polyporus hypnoides (FL), Polyporus sulphureus (FL, MA), under bark of dead pine (FL), hibernating under bark (GA), under bands of tar paper on apple trees (IL), Armillariella mellea (GA), Pleurotus ostreatus (IL), on shelf fungi (KS), in sweetgum stump (LA), Polyporus adustus (LA), Panus rudis (MA, NJ), under bark of dead Pinus virginiana (MA), under bark dead standing Quercus (MA), in Peromyscus nest debris under bark dead standing Liriodendron (MA), under bark of stump of Prunus serotina (MA), fungus on bark (MS), injured cypress (NC), oak (NC), under bark dead standing pine (NC), under oak bark (NC), Pleurotus sp. (NC, OK), in mushroom (NC), Trametes hispida (ND), under hardwood bark (NJ), ex fungus on Mimosa stump (NJ), on polypore on dead Quercus (TX), polypore fungus (UT), Polyporus squamosus (VT), under poplar bark (WI).

Material examined Specimens were examined from the following Canadian localities: MANITOBA: Winnipeg, King’s Park, D.A. Pollock, sitting on underside of fungusy, dead log at night, ( DAPC, 1) ; same locality, 13.VIII.1998, D.A. Pollock, sitting on piece of cut wood at night, ( DAPC, 1) ; Winnipeg, Univ. of Manitoba campus, nr. apiary, 49°48’30”N, 97°07’35”W, 27.VII.1999, D.A. Pollock, on thin white fungus on underside of small log, ( DAPC, 7) ; Winnipeg, University of Manitoba campus, along Red River , 25-28.VIII.1996, D.A. Pollock, at night, on fungusy stump of Acer negundo , ( DAPC, 1) ; Winnipeg, University of Manitoba campus, forest along Red River (south), 11.VII.1999, D.A. Pollock, crawling on fungusy stump of Acer negundo at night, ( DAPC, 1). ONTARIO: Bolton, 4.V.1978, R.S. Anderson, ( ROME, 1) ; Chatham , 23.VIII.1929, G.M. Stirrett, ( CNC, 1) ; Dunn Twp , 29.VIII.1971, W.W. Judd, ( CNC, 1) ; Dunnville , 24.VIII.1938, S.D. Hicks, very teneral, ( CNC, 2) ; Grand Bend , 6.VII.1939, T.N. Freeman, ( CNC, 1) ; Guelph , 23.VIII.1990, Heather Dewar, bracket fungus, ( DEBU, 4) ; Lanark , 2.VIII.1979, S.D. Hicks, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 4.VII.1976, S.D. Hicks, ( CNC, 1) ; Leamington , 18.VI.1940, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 24.V.1970, T.D. Galloway, ( JBWM, 1) ; Ottawa , 4.IX.1912, Beaulieu, 1 teneral, ( CNC, 3) ; same locality, 2.X.1912, Beaulieu, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 14.VIII.1912, Beaulieu, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 9.IX.1912, Beaulieu, ( MCZ, 3) ; Peel Co., Port Credit , 6-11.VIII.1965, I.M. Smith, ( ROME, 1) ; Pelee Is. , 3.VII.1931, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 1) ; Pelee Island , 1.VII.1940, W.J. Brown, slightly teneral, ( CNC, 1) ; Pelee Island, Lake Erie , 17.VII.1981, S.W. Nichols, ( CUIC, 4) ; Pelee Island , marsh on SE shore, 14.VIII.1980, S.W. Nichols, flooding shore of sand spit, ( CUIC, 1) ; Point Pelee , 26.VII-4.VIII.1999, A. Tesolin, malaise & pan trap 41°59’N, 82°27.5’W, ( DEBU, 2) ; Prince Edward Co., 21.V.1916, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 3.VI.1917, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 31.VII.1938, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 23.IV.1922, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 21.V.1916, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 20.V.1923, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 7.VII.1946, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 3.VI.1923, Brimley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 18.IX.1921, Brimley, ( CNC, 3) ; Rondeau Prov. Pk., 2.VIII.1982, L. LeSage, ex. Polyporus , ( CNC, 9) ; Toronto, R.J. Crew, ( CUIC,2) ; same locality, 24.VIII.1895, R.J. Crew, ( CUIC, 1) ; same locality, 12.IX.1908, R.J. Crew, ( ROME, 1) ; Wheatley , 22.VII.1965, ( FSCA, 2) ; Windsor , 2-16.VIII.1982, S. Marshall, ( CNC, 1) ; Essex Co., Point Pelee Natl. Pk. Forested area by W beach, 21.VIII.1999, O. Lonsdale, malaise/ pan traps, ( DEBU, 1) ; Pt. Pelee , 18.VII.1978, J.M. Cumming, ( DEBU, 1) ; Dundas , 15.VII.1975, J.M. Cumming, ( DEBU, 1) ; Guelph , 25.VII.1977, A.A. Konecny, ( DEBU, 3) ; same locality, 3.VIII.1976, Paul R. Heels, ( DEBU, 1) ; same locality, 25.IV.1973, R.E. Roughley, ( DEBU, 1) ; London , 19.V.1975, J.M. Heraty, ( DEBU, 1) ; Pr. Edw. Co., Brimley , 2.VI.1940, ( AMNH, 1) ; same locality, 31.VII.1938, ( AMNH, 1) ; Pt. Pelee Nat. Pk. , 13.VIII.1983, S. Marshall, C. Logan, & S. Girigsby, ( DEBU, 1) ; Tilbury , 30.IX.1965, Rosenberg collection, ( USNM, 1) ; Toronto , 19.VII.1976, W.A. Attwater, ( DEBU, 1) ; same locality, 10.VII.1977, W.A. Attwater, ( DEBU, 1) ; same locality, 15.VIII.1981, Lonny Coote, ( DEBU, 1). QUEBEC: Aylmer , 25.V.1934, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 1) ; Chambly, Longueuil , 14.VIII.1976, S. Laplante, in rotting Pleurote, ( SLC, 2) ; Deux-Montagnes, Parc Paul-Sauvé , 29.IV.1990, S. Laplante, ( SLC, 1) ; Gatineau Pk. nr. Meach L., 1.IX.1982, A. Davies, berlese fleshy fungi on tree, ( CNC, 1) ; Gatineau, Aylmer , 28.V.1991, S. Laplante, on trunk of dead Ulmus americana at 22:00, ( SLC, 2) ; Huntingdon, Havelock , 14.V.1981, S. Laplante, ( SLC, 1) ; Lacolle , 10.VIII.1945, W.J. Brown, ( CNC, 4) ; Missisquoi, Scottsmore , 9.VI.1979, S. Laplante, ( SLC, 1) ; Montreal , 5.VIII.1985, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 16.VII.1967, E.J. Kiteley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 13.VI.1984, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 2) ; same locality, 2.IX.1969, E.J. Kiteley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 26.VI.1967, E.J. Kiteley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 28.V.1967, E.J. Kiteley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 17.IX.1972, E.J. Kiteley, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 3.VII.1970, E.J. Kiteley, under bark, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 6.VII.1976, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 23.VI.1968, E.J. Kiteley, on log, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 28.VIII.1972, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 8.VII.1978, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 28.VII.1980, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; same locality, 17.VII.1977, E.J. Kiteley, UV light trap, ( CNC, 1) ; Rigaud For. at Ottawa River, 11.V.1988, A. & Z. Smetana, ( CNC, 2) Vaudreuil , Rigaud , 21.V.1982, P. Bélanger, under bark of dead maple, ( CMNC, 1) .

Figures

Figs 1-7. Dorsal habitus of Canadian eustrophines. Fig. 1. Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis, TL = 4.3 mm; Fig. 2. Pseudoholostrophus discolor, TL = 4.8 mm; Fig. 3. Holostrophus bifasciatus, TL = 5.8 mm; Fig. 4. Eustrophus tomentosus, TL = 4.8 mm; Fig. 5. Eustrophopsis bicolor, TL = 5.6 mm; Fig. 6. Eustrophopsis confinis, TL = 5.4 mm; Fig. 7. Synstrophus repandus, TL = 6.8 mm.

Figs 8-16. Features of Canadian eustrophines. Figs. 8-14. Frontal view of head (same specimens as in Figs. 1-7). Fig. 8. Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis; Fig. 9. Pseudoholostrophus discolor; Fig. 10. Holostrophus bifasciatus; Fig. 11. Eustrophus tomentosus; Fig. 12. Eustrophopsis bicolor; Fig. 13. Eustrophopsis confinis; Fig. 14. Synstrophus repandus. Figs. 15-16. Hind tibia. Fig. 15. H. bifasciatus; Fig. 16. E. tomentosus.

Figs 17-25. Antennae of Canadian eustrophines. Fig. 17. Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis; Fig. 18. Pseudoholostrophus discolor; Fig. 19. Holostrophus bifasciatus; Fig. 20. Eustrophus tomentosus; Fig. 21. Eustrophopsis bicolor; Fig. 22. Eustrophopsis confinis; Fig. 23. Synstrophus repandus; Fig. 24. E. tomentosus, antennomeres 9-11 (sensillar field indicated by stippling); Fig. 25. S. repandus, antennomeres 9-11 (sensillar field indicated by stippling). Scale bar = 0.25 mm (Figs. 17-23); 0.1 mm (Figs. 24-25).

Fig. 29. Canadian distribution of Eustrophopsis bicolor. Inset shows US distribution, by state.