Carteronius gentilis ( Simon, 1909 ) Eb.Bonaldo & Ramírez & Om.Labarque & Shimano & Silva-Junior & Haddad, 2022

Eb. Bonaldo, Ramírez, Martín J., Om. Labarque, Shimano, Yulie, Silva-Junior, Cláudio J. & Haddad, Charles R., 2022, Switching identities: a revision of the Afrotropical spider genus Carteronius Simon 1897 (Araneae, Corinnidae), senior synonym of Mandaneta Strand, 1932, with a new genus of the Pronophaea group, Zootaxa 5205 (4), pp. 343-373 : 364-367

Carteronius gentilis ( Simon, 1909) comb. nov.

Figs 18 , 19 ; Map 1

Procopius gentilis Simon, 1909: 382 (♂ holotype from “ Fernando Poo: Basilé”, leg. L. Fea, MNHN 22.254 —examined).

Note. The male holotype, from Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, is here tentatively associated with a female from continental Africa ( Cameroon). Bioko is a continental-shelf island that supports relatively low levels of endemism of angiosperms, bats, birds, reptiles, and amphibians when compared to oceanic islands of the Gulf of Guinea ( Príncipe, São Tomé and Annobón) ( Jones 2004). This island was separated from mainland Africa by the rise in sea level at the end of the last glacial period, approximately 10 000 years ago ( Schabetsberger et al. 2004; PérezPérez & Yu 2021). Both the Bioko and Cameroon specimens share a strikingly similar dorsal abdominal pattern ( Fig. 18A, F ), as well as similarities in leg spination. Nevertheless, this association must be tested when additional samples come to light. From a strictly nomenclatural point of view, proposing this doubtful association is preferable to making available a possibly unnecessary specific name.

Diagnosis. Males of C. gentilis comb. nov. differ from all other Carteronius species in having a bifid dorsal lobe on the RTA ( Fig. 19A, B ). Females resemble those of C. myene sp. nov. by the slightly curved transverse ridge ( Figs 14A , 19C ), but differ by the relatively small posterior sector and the extremely narrow copulatory duct in relation to the spermathecae ( Fig. 19C, D ).

Description. Male (holotype). Measurements: Total length 8.03, CL 3.82, CW 3.57, AL 3.95, AW 2.80, SL 1.93, SW 1.81. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.32, ALE 0.21, PLE 0.24, PME 0.26, AME-AME 0.21, AME-ALE 0.24, ALE-ALE 1.66, PME-PME 0.85, PME-PLE 0.52, PLE-PLE 2.07. Length of leg segments: I 4.13+ 1.74+4.05+3.10+1.22=14.24; II 4.02+1.70+3.95+3.20+1.26=14.13; III 2.61+1.26+2.18+2.15+1.00=9.20; IV 3.36+ 1.29+2.82+3.12+1.10=11.69. Chelicerae: promargin with three spaced teeth, median tooth largest; retromargin with two spaced teeth, subequal in size. Leg spination: femora: I do 0-1-1 pl 0-1-0, II do 0-1-0, III do 0-1-2, IV do 0-1-2; tibiae: I ve 2-2-2-2-2-2, II ve 1 p -1 r -2-2-2-2, III ve 0-2-2-0, IV ve 0-0-0-1 r; metatarsi: I ve 0-2-2-0, II ve 0-2-2-0, III pl 0-1-1 rl 0-1-1 ve 2-2-1, IV pl 0-1-1 rl 0-1-1 ve 2-2-0. Coloration: carapace and chelicerae dark reddish-brown. Endites, labium and sternum reddish-brown. Legs dark yellow, with femora I and II reddish-brown. Abdomen dorsally with yellowish area anteriorly and five transversal follicular bands in posterior half ( Fig. 18A ). Palp: RTA with apical spur approximately same size as ventral lobe, medial lobe short and pointed; ventral lobe sub-squared and excavated; sperm duct with long loop, retrolateral apical tegular process present, blunt; embolus long and thin, without projections ( Figs 19A, B ).

Female (MRAC 162.128). Measurements: Total length 7.92, CL 3.26, CW 2.78, AL 4.62, AW 3.26, SL 1.57, SW 1.60. Eyes diameters and interdistances: AME 0.22, ALE 0.18, PLE 0.19, PME 0.19, AME-AME 0.63, AME-ALE 0.20, ALE-ALE 1.35, PME-PME 0.32, PME-PLE 0.38, PLE-PLE 1.60. Length of leg segments I 3.13+1.33+3.01+2.30+1.10=10.87; II 3.05+1.30+2.90+2.29+1.09=10.63; III 2.23+1.00+1.89+1.73+0.87=7.72; IV 2.74+1.06+2.30+2.40+0.93=9.43. Chelicerae: promargin with three spaced teeth, median tooth largest; retromargin with two teeth, inner tooth larger. Leg spination: femora: I do 0-1-0 pl 0-1-0, II do 0-1-0, III do 0-1-2, IV do 0-1-2; tibiae: I ve 2-2-2-2-2-2, II ve 2-2-2-2-2, III ve 1 p -1 r -2, IV pl 0-1-0-1 rl 0-1-0-1 ve 1 p- 1 p -0-0; metatarsi: I ve 0-2- 2-0, II ve 0-2-2-0, III pl 1-0-0-1 rl 0-0-1 ve 2-2, IV pl 0-1-0-1 rl 0-1-0-1 ve 1 p- 1 p -1 r -1 r. Coloration: carapace and chelicerae dark reddish brown. Endites, labium and sternum orange red. Legs whitish with femora I and II reddish. Abdomen as in male ( Fig. 18F ). Epigynum: CDv long, straight, narrow; ST2 tappering, anteriorly located, gland ducts conspicuous, smaller than ST1; CDd large, S-shaped ( Fig. 19D ).

Other material examined: CAMEROON: Mount Cameroun , near Buea, 04°12’N, 09°11’E, 1400 m.a.s.l., II-III.1981, Bosmans & Van Stalle leg. (montane forest with arable fields, V.H.F) , 1♀ ( MRAC 162.128 ) .

Distribution. Recorded from the island of Bioko ( Equatorial Guinea) and Cameroon ( Map 1 ).

Figures

MAP 1. Distribution of Carteronius species and Bunyoronius femoralis sp. nov.

FIGURE 14. Carteronius myene sp. nov.: A epigynum, ventral view; B same dorsal view; Carteronius teke sp. nov.: C epigynum, ventral view (arrow: epigynal transversal ridge); D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CO, copulatory opening; CDv, ventral sector of the copulatory duct; CDd, dorsal sector of the copulatory duct; ST2, secondary spermatheca; ST1, primary spermatheca. Scale: 1 mm.

FIGURE 18. Carteronius gentilis (Simon, 1909) comb. nov.: A male holotype habitus, dorsal view; B left palp, prolateral view; C same, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view; E original label; F female abdomen, dorsal view; B female carapace, dorsal view. Scale: 1 mm.

FIGURE 19. Carteronius gentilis (Simon, 1909) comb. nov.: A male palp, ventral view; B same, retrolateral view; C epigynum, ventral view; D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: E, embolus; C, conductor; MA, median apophysis; VL, ventral lobe; ML, medial lobe; DL, dorsal lobe; AS, spur; CDv, ventral sector of the copulatory duct; CDd, dorsal sector of the copulatory duct; ST2 secondary spermatheca; ST1 primary spermatheca. Scale: 1 mm.