Anthomyza gilviventris, Roháćek & Barber, 2016

Roháćek, Jindřich & Barber, Kevin N., 2016, Nearctic Anthomyzidae: a monograph of Anthomyza and allied genera (Diptera), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (suppl.) 56, pp. 1-412 : 296-312

Anthomyza gilviventris sp. nov.

( Figs 482–484 , 486–507 , 510–515 , 517)

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♂, “ CAN: BC: Fernie, Annex Pk , 17.vii.2011, KNBar-ber, sweeps, wet ditch, Carex utriculata 49°30.72’N 115°04.13’W ” and “Holotypus ♂ Anthomyza gilviventris sp. n., J. Roháček & K. N. Barber det. 2014” (red). The specimen is in good condition, with well-exposed gonostyli (see Fig. 483 ) ( CNCI, intact). CANADA: ALBERTA: Banff N. P. , 15 mi E Mt. Eisenhower Jct., 27.vii.1967, 2 ♀♀, S. P. Whitney leg. ( USNM) ; 7.0 mi W Banff , 11.vii.1966, 1 ♀, K. Valley leg. (all USNM); ~ 22.7 km S Bellevue , Hwy 774, 49°22.62'N 114°22.58'W, sweeps, roadside ditch, mostly Carex spp., Equisetum , grasses, 17.vii.2011, 3 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀; ~ 18.3 km NW Cadomin , Hwy#40, 53°10.02'N 117°29.72'W, sweeps, edge of roadside pond, Carex spp., 22.vii.2008, 16 ♂♂ 10 ♀♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Elkwater Lk., 10.vi.1956, 3 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, swept from sedge, 9.vii.1956, 1 ♀, O. Peck leg.; ~ 0.9 km WNW Exshaw, 51°03.78'N 115°10.99'W, sweeps, mostly emergent Carex sp., 25.vii.2008, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Calgary, Fish Creek Prov.Pk., pond near Shannon Terrace , 50°55.60'N 114°07.427'W, swept from sedges and Equisetum , 12.viii.2011, 2 ♂♂, J. E. Swann leg. ( BDUC); Calgary, Fish Creek Prov. Pk., Shannon Terrace , sweep around pond by 2 nd bridge, 9.vii.2010, 1 ♀, J. E. Swann leg. ( BDUC); Fish Creek P. Pk. , 50°55.61'N 114°07.43'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata and Equisetum ssuviatile , 12.vii.2011, 3 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀; Fish Creek P. Pk ., 50°55.74'N 114°07.32'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata and Equisetum sp., 12.vii.2011, 4 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, all J. E. Swann & K.N. Barber leg. (all BDUC); ~ 22.5 km NW Highwood House, ~ 4 km W Mist Ck, 50°31.40'N 114°53.12'W, sweeps, Carex sp. (small), 25.vii.2008, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( DEBU); ~ 3.4 km SSW Hinton, Hwy.#40, 53°21.27'N 117°37.32'W, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile , 22.vii.2008, 3 ♂♂; ~ 4.4 km SSW Hinton,Hwy#40 , 53°20.77'N 117°36.83'W, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile , Carex sp. [ C. aquatilis Wahlenb. ], 22.vii.2008, 1 ♀; ~ 15 km SSW Hinton, gas right-of-way nr. Wildhorse Lake P[rovincial] R[ecreation] A[rea], 53°16.65'N 117°44.57'W, sweeps, roadside Equisetum palustre , 23.vii.2008, 4 ♂♂; Kananaskis Country, Sibbald Area , Hwy.68, 3.1 km W Powderface Trail , 51°03.10'N 114°54.72'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 15.vii.2011, 7 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀ (2 ♂♂ genit. prep.), all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); ~ 4.4 km NNE Kananaskis Village, Mt. Lorette Ponds , 50°58.11'N 115°06.59'W, sweeps, mostly Equisetum ssuviatile , 25.vii.2008, 1 ♂, K. N. Barber leg. ( DEBU); ~ 14.4 km E Obed, Range Rd. 213 @ RR crossing, 53°32.19'N 117°01.02'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 25.vii.2011, 4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( CNCI); Peter Lougheed P. Pk. , 50°41.82'N 115°06.92'W, sweeps, fen, Carex utriculata with cf. Poa pratensis , 13.vii.2011, 98 ♂♂ 30 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01502929–3056 , 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.), 14.vii.2011, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01503292–95 ), 15.vii.2011, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( DEBU 01503333 , -34), 16.vii.2011, 2 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01503390–94 ); Peter Lougheed P.Pk., Upper Lake Drive , 50°36.98'N 115°07.13'W, sweeps, edge of fen, Carex utriculata , 14.vii.2011, 1 ♀ ( DEBU 01503314 ); same locality but 50°36.94'N 115°07.16'W, sweeps, edge of fen, Carex utriculata , 16.vii.2011, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01503647–51 ), all K. N. Barber; ~ 20 km SSE Robb, Hwy#40, Lovett River P[rovincial] R[ecreation] A[rea], 53°03.89'N 116°49.02'W, sweeps, streamside, mostly grasses, 23.vii.2008, 1 ♂, K. N. Barber leg. ( DEBU); Spray Valley P.Pk. , 50°48.95'N 115°09.84'W, sweeps, fen, Carex utriculata ? and Poa sp., 13.vii.2011, 39 ♂♂ 40 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01502773–851 ); W. A. Switzer P. Pk. , Beaver Ranch Trail, 53°29.80'N 117°48.02'W, sweeps, edge of Jarvis Ck., Carex utriculata , 22.vii.2011, 13 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01503707–21 ); same locality but 53°29.67'N 117°48.00'W, sweeps, sedge-nlled oxbow, Carex utriculata ?, 22.vii.2011, 1 ♂ ( DEBU 01503777 ); W. A. Switzer P. Pk., off Hay River Rd. W , 53°33.44'N 117°48.43'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 22.vii.2011, 8 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01503792–801 ), 24.vii.2011, 22 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01503847–75 , 1 ♀ genit. prep.), all K. N. Barber leg.; Waterton Lakes Nat. Pk. , 14–20.vii.1980, 1 ♀, H. J. Teskey leg. ( CNCI). BRITISH COLUMBIA: Brisco , 19.vi.1932, 2 ♀♀, O. B[ryant] leg. ( USNM, 1 ♀ missing one wing); Buckinghorse Provincial Campground, Alaska Highway , DC-175 (281.6 km), 27.vi.1978, 2 ♀♀, P. H. Arnaud Jr. leg. ( CASC); Fernie, Annex Pk. , 49°30.72'N 115°04.13'W, sweeps, wet ditch, mostly Equisetum arvense & E. laevigatum , 17.vii.2011, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, sweeps, wet ditch, Carex utriculata , 17.vii.2011, 13 ♂♂ 14 ♀♀, 18.vii.2011, 13 ♂♂ 16 ♀♀, 19.vii.2011, 16 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀; Fernie, Annex Pk. , 49°30.66'N 115°04.16'W, sweeps, pond margin, Carex utriculata , 18.vii.2011, 14 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); 4 km NW Field, CD 1416, 31.v. 1992, 1 ♂, A. Borkent leg.; ~ 3.5 km NNW Fort Steele, Hwy 95 rest area , 49°38.90'N 115°38.82'W, sweeps, graminoids, mostly Carex pellita , 18.vii.2011, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. (both CNCI); Graham Is., Slatechuck Mt. , roadside sweep, 12.vii.1988, 1 ♀, T.A. Wheeler leg. ( DEBU, genit. prep.); Kaslo Cr. , 18.vi. [-], 1 ♀, R. P. Currie leg. ( USNM); Kinbasket Lake, BC Hydro drawdown study, Malaise trap, 13.vi.2008, ( WIL08-01 ), 1 ♀, ( WIL08-15 ), 1 ♂, Cooper Beauchesne &Assoc. Ltd. leg.( RBCM); ~8.0 km SE Valemount, edge of Kinbasket Lake , 52°46.65'N 119°10.38'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 23.vii.2011, 18 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀, K. N. Barber leg.; King Salmon L. , 58°43'N 132°54'W, 1750', Carex , grass, Equisetum beside lake, 17.vii.1960, 5 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, W. W. Moss leg. (all CNCI); Merritt , 1.5 km NE Lundbom L., 1.vii.1988, 1 ♀, G. E. Hutchings leg. ( RBCM, ENT991-6166 ); Moresby Camp , Q[ueen] C[harlotte] Islands, 29.vi.1957, 1 ♀, E. E. MacDougall leg ( CNCI).; Mt. Robson Prov. Pk. , Hwy #16, small road towards Mt. Robson, 53°03'N 119°15'W, forest noor, swamp, (Universität Bielefeld, Ca1519), 6.viii.2002, 5 ♂♂ 1 ♀, M. v. Tschirnhaus leg. ( ZSMC, in ethanol); Nanaimo Lakes , forested area , 11.vi.1988, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, G. E. Hutchings leg. ( RBCM); Parson, Crestbrook Rd. , 51°03.68'N 116°39.06'W,sweeps,wet ditch, Carex utriculata with Equisetum palustre & E. × litorale, 18.vii.2011, 2 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( CNCI, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Pete Lake , 57°56'N 131°56'W, 4000', 19.viii.1960, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, R. Pilfrey leg.; Revelstoke, 2.vii.1973, 1 ♀, H. J. Teskey leg. (all CNCI); Robson , 3.vi.1958, 1 ♀, 6.vi.1967, 1 ♀, 5.vii.1967, 1 ♀, H. R. Foxlee leg. ( UBCZ); Qualicum Beach , Little Qualicum River Estuary Regional Conservation Area, ex. Carex 4, aspirator, 4.vi.1980, 1 ♀, Canadian Wildlife Service leg. ( RBCM, ENT991-17202 ); Salmon Arm , CD980, 8.vi.1988, 1 ♀, CD1210, 8.vi.1990, 1 ♀, A. Borkent leg.; ~ 27 km N Sparwood, Lower Elk Valley Rd. , 49°50.24'N 114°53.29'W, sweeps, edge of creek, Carex utriculata ?, 20.vii.2011, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg.; Summit Lake , mi.392 Alaska Hwy., 4500 ', 23–24.vi.1959, 1 ♀, E. E. MacDougall leg. (all CNCI); Vancouver 50 km E, 3.vii.1988, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, A. Freidberg leg. ( TAUI). LABRADOR: Cartwright , 9.vii.1955, 1 ♂, 12.vii.1955, 3 ♀♀ (1 ♀ genit. prep.), E. F. Cashman leg, 17.vii.1955, 5 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀ (3 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ genit. prep.), 19.vii.1955, 1 ♂, E. E. Sterns leg. ( CNCI). MANITOBA: 10 km SE Churchill, Farnworth Lake (Landing L.) , 58.7045°N 94.0525°W, 14 m a.s.l., tundra, 14.vii.2010, 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-14241 , BOLD ID:JWDCI851-11 ), 1 ♂ (Sample ID:10PROBE-14244 , BOLD ID:JWDCI854-11 ), 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-14245 , BOLD ID:JWDCI855-11 ), 23.vii.2010, 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-16182 , BOLD ID:JWDCK227-11 ), 1 ♂ (Sample ID:10PROBE-16183 , BOLD ID:JWDCK228-11 ), 28.vii.2010, 1 ♂ (Sample ID:10PROBE-15878 , BOLD ID:JWDCJ1443-11 ), 1 ♂ (Sample ID:10PROBE-15879 , BOLD ID:JWDCJ1444-11 ), 31.vii.2010, 1 ♂ (Sample ID:10PROBE-12448 , BOLD ID:JWDCH242-10 ), 6.viii.2010, 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-13043 , BOLD ID:JWDCH837-10 ), 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-13045 , BOLD ID:JWDCH839-10 ); 26 km SE Churchill, Twin Lakes , 58.6332°N 93.7871°W, 29 m a.s.l., fen, 1.viii.2010, 1 ♂ (Sample ID:10PROBE-12672 , BOLD ID:JWDCH466-10 ), 7.viii.2010, 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-13220 , BOLD ID:JWDCH020-10 ); 12 km ESE Churchill, Launch Road , 58.7541°N 93.9974°W, 10 m a.s.l., fen, 14.vii.2010, 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-14512 , BOLD ID:JWDCJ172-11 ), 19.vii.2010, 1 ♂ (Sample ID:10PROBE-16713 , BOLD ID:JWDCL663-11 ), 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-16714 , BOLD ID:JWDCL664-11 ); 23 km E Churchill, Ramsay Creek , 58.7306°N 93.7804°W, 10 m a.s.l., boreal forests, 23.vii.2010, 1 ♀ (Sample ID:10PROBE-16481 , BOLD ID:JWDCL241-11 ), all J. Wang leg. (all BIOUG, Barcode of Life, in ethanol); ~ 14 km SW Falcon Lake, jct. Hwy#1 & Rd. 86E, 49°38.24'N 95°29.89'W, sweeps, graminoids, mostly Carex spp., 29.vii.2011, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( CNCI); 5 km N Gardenton, Tallgrass Prairie Reserve , 49°10.71'N 96°40.76'W, sweep in tallgrass prairie, 17.vi.1999, 1 ♀, V. Crecco leg. ( LEMQ 0039607 ); Int. Peace Gardens, Turtle Mtn. For. Res. , 17.vii.1958, 1 ♀; 5 mi N Minnedosa, 8.vii.1958, 1 ♀, both R. L. Hurley leg. (both CNCI). NEWFOUNDLAND: Bay d’Espoir , low veg. nr. river, 11. vii.1985, 1 ♂, L. Hollett leg.; Coal Brook , 24.vi.1983, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), A. Borkent leg. (both CNCI); Avalon Pen[insula], Portugal Cove , Indian Meal Line , 15.vii.1982, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, 15.vii.1982, b. l., 1 ♀, [no collector] (all genit. prep.); N branch St. George’s R., 17.vi.1979, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), Larson & Swales leg. (all NFRC); St. John’s, Agric. Exp. Stn. , 26.vii.1967, 3 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, J. F. McAlpine leg. ( CNCI, 1 ♀ genit. prep.). NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: Norman Wells , 23.vi.1969, 1 ♀, G. E. Shewell leg. ( CNCI). NOVA SCOTIA: Paquette Lk. , 5 km S South Harbour, 5.vii.1983, 1 ♀, A. Borkent leg. ( CNCI, genit. prep.). ONTARIO: Algonquin P. Pk. , nr. Sitting Duck Lake, 45.4522°N 78.4713°W, Malaise trap, hardwood forest (SD-MAT), 5–21.v.2008, 1 ♀, E. Proctor leg. ( DEBU); 10 km NW Penetanguishene, Awenda P. Pk. , Second Lake , sweep in kettle marsh, 3.vii.2001, 1 ♀, M. Pollett leg. ( LEMQ 0040381 ); Bruce Peninsula N. P. , Crane River below Lake Scugog, 45°07.0'N 81°32.1'W, sweeps, riverside vegetation, 3.vii.1999, 2 ♀♀ (1 ♀ genit. prep.); Bruce Peninsula N. P. , Dorcas Bay Rd. at Willow Creek, 45°09.39'N 81°34.43'W, sweeps, Carex aquatilis , 22.vi.2008, 1 ♂; Bruce Peninsula N. P., Singing Sands , 45°11.50'N 81°34.61'W, sweeps, sedges in fen, 22.vi.2008, 5 ♀♀ (4 ♀♀ genit.prep), all K.N. Barber leg.(all DEBU); ~ 13.9 km W Chapleau, 47°49.20'N 83°35.42'W, hydro right-of-way, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , grasses, 13.vi.2013, 1 ♀, 23.vi.2013, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.); ~ 40 km NE Chapleau, 47°59.76'N 82°55.04'W, wet roadside sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 23.vi.2013, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀; ~13.5 km S Cochrane, 48°56.65'N 81°00.18'W, hydro right-of-way, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 9.vii.2012, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀, 22.vi.2013, 7 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, 12.vii.2013, 5 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), 13.vii.2013, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 18.viii.2013, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Grey Co., Dornoch, Anderson Lake , 1.vii.1992, 1 ♀, R. A. Cannings leg. ( RBCM); Dryden, 49°47.27'N 92°48.62'W, sweeps, mixed graminoids/herbs, 17.vii.2008, 1 ♀; Dubreuilville, along Magpie River , 48°21.12'N 84°34.04'W, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile , Carex , 10.vii.2010, 1 ♀, both K. N. Barber leg. (both CNCI); same locality but sweeping Equisetum ssuviatile , Carex spp. on muddy river bank, 10.vii.2010, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, J. Roháček leg. ( SMOC, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); ~ 3.8 km ENE Dugwal, 48°35.33'N 80°57.90'W, sweeps, wet ditch, Carex utriculata , Equisetum ssuviatile , Scirpus , 23.vi.2013, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀; Echo Bay, Echo Bay Marsh , 46°29.66'N 84°04.12'W, sweeps, near lookout, mostly Carex utriculata , 8.vi.2013, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 15.vi.2013, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀; same locality but 46°29.71'N 84°04.04'W, sweeps, nr. lookout, mostly Carex incl. C. utriculata , 24.vi.2012, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (pair in copula); Elliot Lake , 46°22.23'N 82°36.49'W, sweeps, mixed graminoids incl. Carex utriculata , 29.vi.2013, 1 ♂; ~ 14.5 km SSE Elliot Lake, ~ 3.7 km NNE jct Hwys 17&108, 46°14.71'N 82°33.53'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 29.vi.2013, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); ~ 59 km NNW Elliot Lake, s. of Rocky Is. Lake , 46°50.16'N 83°03.05'W, sweeps, mostly Carex aquatilis in fen, 3.vii.2010, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( CNCI), 455 m, sweeping, mostly Carex rostrata ? [more likely C. utriculata ] in fen, 3.vii.2010, 5 ♂♂ 10 ♀♀, J. Roháček leg. ( SMOC, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ genit. prep.); Finland, S of Caliper Lake, sweep sedge at beaver dam, 10.vii.1992, 1 ♂, T.A.Wheeler leg.( LEMQ 0039596 ,genit. prep.); ~7.0 km E Foleyet, 48°14.34'N 82°20.75'W, hydro right-of-way, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 23.vi.2013, 2 ♂♂, 13.vii.2013, 2 ♀♀; Goulais River , end of Island Rd., 46°43.57'N 84°24.45'W, sweeps, mud nats, Equisetum ssuviatile , Dulichium arundinaceum , 9.vii.2007, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.); same locality but 46°43.33'N 84°24.72'W, sweeps, oxbow nats, Equisetum ssuviatile , sedges, herbs, 16.vii.2007, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Goulais River , Sand Bay , 46°44.81'N 84°32.68'W, sweeping Juncus and Carex at margin of fen pools, 10.vii.2010, 5 ♀♀, J. Roháček leg. ( SMOC, 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Greenwater P. Pk. , Sandbar Lk. Trail , 49°13.10'N 81°17.35'W, sweeps, lakeshore Equisetum spp., graminoids, Caltha , 21.vii.2009, 3 ♀♀, K.N.Barber leg.( DEBU 01502099–101 ); ~2.0 km W Hallebourg, 49°40.36'N 83°32.11'W, sweeps, wet ditch, mostly Carex utriculata , 22.vi.2013, 1 ♂; ~ 43 km W Hearst, hydro right-of-way opposite Forde Lk. , 49°44.07'N 84°14.74'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 21.vi.2013, 2 ♀♀; Icewater Creek WS [Watershed] , 12.7 km NNE Searchmont, mi.10.5 Whitman Dam Rd., alder thicket, 21.vi.1986, 1 ♂, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Lake Superior P. Pk. , Hwy 17 near jct. Agawa Rock, 47°22.31'N 84°41.23'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 12.vii.2014, 2 ♂♂ ( DEBU 01503948 , -49); Lake Superior P.Pk. , Crescent Lk.campground, 47°16.66'N 84°33.00'W, sweeps, shoreline sedges, 29.v.2010, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01502431–34 ), all K. N. Barber leg.; Manitoulin Island , 10 km W Gore Bay, 45°53'N 82°34'W, sweep in grassland alvar, 20.vi.1996, 2 ♀♀, P. Bouchard leg. ( LEMQ 0039584 , -85, 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Manitoulin I., Misery Bay Prov. Nat. Res. , 45°47'48"N 82°44'58"W, alvar, 27.v.2010, 1 ♀, S. A. Marshall leg. ( DEBU 00324518 , genit. prep.); Hwy#17, ~ 8.5 km NW Marathon, 48°47.69'N 86°26.11'W, sweeps, emergent Equisetum ssuviatile with Carex sp., 16.vi.2007, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀, sweeps, emergent Carex sp., 16.vi.2007, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, sweeps, emergent Equisetum ssuviatile , 16.vi.2007, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.); same locality but 48°47.69'N 86°26.07'W, sweeps, roadside graminoids, 31.vii.2008, 1 ♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Hwy#17, ~ 8.5 km NW Marathon, 48°47.69'N 86°26.11'W, 28.iv.2012, ex. Equisetum ssuviatile , wet stalks on [sic “near”] surface, [reared] bulk pails, misted daily, 22°C, 16L:8D, 60–70% RH, emerged: 12.v.2012, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( CNCI); Mer Bleue, 7.vi.1923, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, C. H. Curran leg. ( CNCI); Moosonee, 51.24622°N 80.67281°W, Repl. 1 mesic, Malaise trap, 18–21.vi.2010, 1 ♂; Moosonee, 51.27717°N 80.64778°W, Repl. 3 wet, Malaise trap, 19–22.vi.2010, 1 ♀, both NBP Field Party leg. (both LEMQ); Moosonee, 51°16.68'N 80°38.65'W, sweeps, mostly C [arex] utriculata , C. aquatilis , wet sedge meadow, 10.vii.2014, 6 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (1 ♀ genit. prep.); Moosonee, 51°16.69'N 80°38.86'W, general sweeps, sedge meadow, 9.vii.2014, 1 ♀; Moosonee, 51°16.36'N 80°39.11'W, sweeps, railside ditch, mostly Equisetum ssuviatile , Carex spp., 10.vii.2014, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀; Moosonee, 51°16.55'N 80°39.01'W, sweeps, mostly Carex spp., wet forest trail, 11.vii.2014, 5 ♂♂; Otter Rapids, 50°10.80'N 81°38.59'W, sweeps, Carex spp., 19.vii.2009, 3 ♂♂, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile , 19.vii.2009, 1 ♀, sweeps, roadside Equisetum spp., 19.vii.2009, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀; ~ 7 km SSE Otter Rapids, 50°07.52'N 81°35.92'W, sweeps, Scirpus sp., 20.vii.2009, 1 ♂, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Pancake Bay P. Pk. , 46°58.11'N 84°42.72'W, sweeps from boardwalk, mostly emergent sedges / Equisetum , 24.vii.2004, 5 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01500556–64 ), 2.viii.2004, 6 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01500848–58 , 2 ♀♀ genit. prep.), 7.viii.2004, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( DEBU 01501074–76 ), 4.ix.2004, 1 ♀ ( DEBU 01501430 ), 27.vi.2005, 2 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01501683–91 , 3 ♀♀ genit. prep.), 7.vii.2007, 3 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01501899–901 ), all K. N. Barber leg.; Pancake Bay Prov. Park , 46°58.11'N 84°42.72'W, sweeping from boardwalk, mostly emergent sedges / Equisetum , 9.vii.2010, 2 ♀♀, J. Roháček leg. ( SMOC, 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Pancake Bay P. Pk. , 46°58.12'N 84°42.75'W, sweeps, mostly graminoids/ Typha near wetland boardwalk, 2.viii.2004, 1 ♂ ( DEBU 01500963 ); Pancake Bay P. Pk. , 46°58.10'N 84°42.71'W, sweeps, mostly Carex nr.wetland boardwalk, 24.vii.2004, 11 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01500702–19 ), sweeps, mostly emergent Carex / Equisetum nr. boardwalk, 16.vi.2007, 2 ♀♀ ( DEBU 01501853 , -54, both genit. prep.), all K. N. Barber leg.; Petawawa, 7.vii.1961, 1 ♂, J. R. Vockeroth leg. ( CNCI); Hwy 101 at Prairie Bee River (west side bridge), 47°51.81'N 83°54.33'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata , 14.vii.2013, 5 ♂♂ (1 ♂ genit. prep.); ~ 10.8 km W Jct Hwys 556 & 129, km64.3 Ranger Lk. Rd. , 46°53.46'N 83°27.01'W, sweeps, Carex sp., 23.vi.2007, 1 ♀, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile and Carex sp., 23.vi.2007, 2 ♀♀, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile and Dulichium arundinaceum , 23.vi.2007, 1 ♂, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Richmond Fen, ex. forest, 45°05'48.73"N 75°50'39.70"W, 11.vi.2010, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), J. B. Sinclar [sic B. J. Sinclair] leg.; ~ 4.5 km E Rosseau, on Aspdin Rd. , 45°15.88'N 79°34.88'W, sweeps, mostly Carex in sedge meadow, 7.vii.2005, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. (both CNCI); S[ault] S[ainte] Marie, S. of Algoma U[niversity] College , 46°29.9'N 84°17.2'W, sweeps, graminoids mostly Carex aquatilis , 11.vi.1997, 4 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), sweeps, Carex aquatilis , 12.vii.1997, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, 3.viii.1997, 1 ♂, 22.vi.1998, 1 ♂, 9.vi.2001, 1 ♂, sweeps, mostly Carex aquatilis , 5.vi.2001, 1 ♂, 12.vi.2001, 1 ♂, 15–16.vi.2001, 1 ♂, sweeps, Carex lacustris , 12.vii.1997, 2 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀, sweeps, Scirpus sp., 12.vii.1997, 1 ♂ 5 ♀♀, sweeps, Calamagrostis canadensis , 26.vi.1998, 1 ♀; S[ault] S[ainte] Marie, S. of Algoma University , 46°29.88'N 84°17.19'W, sweeps, mostly Carex spp., Scirpus cyperinus , 5.vii.2008, 1 ♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); S[ault] S[ainte] Marie, Finn Hill , 46°31.63'N 84°17.29'W, sweeps, Scirpus microcarpus , 19.vii.2004, 12 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀ (1 ♂ wing illustration), 4.viii.2004, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, 12.vi.2005, 1 ♂, 9.vii.2005, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit.prep.), 27.vi.2007, 2 ♂♂, 13.vii.2007, 4 ♂♂, 12.vi.2008, 15 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀, 6.vii.2008, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, 18.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ ( CNCI), 29.vi.2016, 126 ♂♂ 92 ♀♀ ( AMNH, BDUC, CMNH, CASC, CSCA, INHS, KNWR, LACM, LEMQ, MCZN, NMPC, OSAC, PMAE, RBCM, SEMC, SMOC, UBCZ, USNM 5 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ each; CNCI 36 ♂♂ 20 ♀♀), sweeps, Carex stipata stipata , 25.vi.2009, 1 ♂ ( CNCI), K. N. Barber leg.; same locality but 46°31.63'N 84°17.33'W, sweeps, mostly Carex stipata stipata , 4.vi.2013, 1 ♀, sweeps, Carex stipata stipata , 18.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, 29.vi.2016, 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, 2.vii.2016, 1 ♂; same locality but 46°31.48'N 84°17.36'W, sweeps, mostly Scirpus microcarpus , 18.vi.2005, 1 ♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); same locality but sweeping, mostly Scirpus microcarpus , 7.vii.2010, 2 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, J. Roháček leg. ( SMOC, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); S[ault] S[ainte] Marie, Landslide Rd. , Coldwater Ck. noodplain , 46°33.8'N 84°16.6'W, sweeps, mostly Carex aquatilis , 13.vi.2001, 1 ♂; S[ault] S[ainte] Marie, River Road , 46°30.4'N 84°15.3'W, sweeps, mostly Carex spp., 11.vi.2001, 1 ♀; S[ault] S[ainte] Marie, 2 nd Line Ext. , 46°32.5'N 84°17.0'W, sweeps, mostly Carex sp., 13.vi.2001, 1 ♂; ~ 10 km W S[ault] S[ainte] Marie, Sunnyside Beach Rd. , 46°30.51'N 84°32.56'W, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile , sedges, 22.vi.2007, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀; Searchmont, N Hwy #552, 46°50.3'N 84°04.4'W, sweeps, roadside sedges / grasses, 10.vii.1998, 1 ♂; Smooth Rock Falls , 49°16.04'N 81°36.08'W, sweeps, Carex utriculata , 22.vi.2013, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Sudbury, 22.vii.1922, 1 ♀, A. L.Melander leg. ( USNM); ~61.5 km N Thessalon, Hwy#129, 47°05.00'N 83°09.40'W, sweeps, emergent Equisetum ssuviatile / sedges, 23.vi.2007, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.); ~ 74 km NNE Thessalon, 46°53.94'N 83°16.23'W, shore of Mississagi R. , sweeps, graminoids, herbs, Equisetum spp.[ E. ssuviatile & E.palustre ], 5.vii.2010, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), 17.vii.2010, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Toronto, 16.v.1896, 1 ♀, A. L. Melander leg. ( USNM); 60 km S White River, 30.vi.1992, 1 ♂, T. A. Wheeler leg. ( LEMQ 0039595 ). QUEBEC: Beechgrove, 45°39'N 76°08'W, 27.vi.1984, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, J. R. Vockeroth leg. ( CNCI); Lac St-Francois Nat. Wildlife Area, NW of Aménag. Therrien , close to Ruisseau Th[errien], 45°00.39'N 74°30.99'W, Carex meadow, sweeping, T1a, 5.vi.1999, 4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ ( LEMQ 0039559 , -63–65, -70, -71, -74), T1b, 5.vi.1999, 5 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( LEMQ 0039561 , -62, -66, -67, -69, -72, -75), T1c, 5.vi.1999, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( LEMQ 0039568 , -73), T2c, 5.vi.1999, 1 ♂ ( LEMQ 0039560 ), all F. Beaulieu leg.; La Trappe, 27.v.1934, 1 ♀, J. Ouellet leg. ( AMNH); Mistassini, 3.vii.1956, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (♀ genit. prep.), 7.vii.1956, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), J. R. McGillis leg.; Mistassini Post, 23.vi.1956, 1 ♀, 4.vii.1956, 1 ♂, J. R. Lonsway leg.; Old Chelsea, Summit King Mt. , 1150 ', 11.vii.1971, 1 ♀, J. R. Vockeroth leg. (all CNCI); near Schefferville, 54°49.507'N 66°51.393'W, sweep, grass/ sedge meadow, 8.vii.2008, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, A. Rogic leg. ( LEMQ, 1 ♀ genit. prep.). SASKATCHEWAN: Kenosee , 15.vi.1958, 1 ♀, A. R. Brooks leg.; Saskatoon, S. Sask[atchewan] R. Valley, off Central Ave., 52°10.4'N 106°36.2'W, sweeps, riverside graminoids, 17.vii.1999, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg.; Uranium City, 21.vi.1962, 1 ♂ (genit. prep.), J. G.Chillcott leg. (all CNCI). YUKON: Alaska Highway at Yukon River crossing , 60°34'N 134°40'W, sweep grass/ sedges along river margin, 2.vii.1997, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, T.A.Wheeler leg.( LEMQ 0039608 , -609); Alaska Highway at Yukon River crossing , sweep sedges and grasses along river, 2.vii.1997, 1 ♀, S. Boucher leg. ( LEMQ 0039610 ); Dawson, 1300 ', 29.vii.1962, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, R. E. Leech leg. ( CNCI). UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: ALASKA: Anchorage, 18.vii.1951, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, R. S. Bigelow leg. ( CNCI); Kenai NWR [ National Wildlife Reserve ], ~ 0.5 mi E of Berg Lk., LTEMP site 3271, wetland, sweep net sample, 20.vi.2004, 1 ♂, S. Grimes leg. ( KNWR, ID:3884 ); King Salmon, Naknek River , 4.viii.1952, 1 ♂, W. R. Mason leg. ( CNCI); Knik Lake, NW of Wasilla, sweeping vegetation edge of lake, 18.vii.1978, 4 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ (1 ♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Moon Lake, Alaska Highway , DC-1331, 8.vii.1978, 1 ♂, all P. H. Arnaud Jr. leg. (all CASC); Unalakleet, 13.vii.1961, 1 ♂, R. Madge leg.( CNCI). COLORADO: Rio Grande Co., Beaver Creek , 10000 ', Malaise trap, 21.vi.1972, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (1 ♀ genit.prep.), W. W. Wirth leg.; Boulder Co., Nederland , 24.vi.1961, 1 ♀, G. C. Steyskal leg. (all USNM); Electra Lake , F.4367E, ~ 37°33'N 107°48'W, ~8400', 28.vi.–1.vii.1919, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, [no collector] ( AMNH); Teller Co., 3.5 mi S Florissant, Sanborn Ranch , along tributary of Plum Creek, 14.vii.2004, 1 ♂ 6 ♀♀, B.A. Foote leg. ( CMNH, 3 ♀♀ genit. prep.); 2 mi S Gould, 13.viii.1968, 1 ♀, Oman leg. ( OSAC, genit. prep.); 3 mi N Nederland, 8500 ', marshy stream margin, 2.vii.1961, 5 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, J. G. Chillcott leg. ( CNCI, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Platte Canyon, nr. Idlewild, 10.vi.1927, 1 ♂, J. M. Aldrich leg. ( USNM). IDAHO: Boundary [Co.], Perkins Lake , 48°45.6'N 116°05.5'W, 760 m, 3.vi.2006, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, W. N. Mathis leg. ( USNM, 2 ♀♀ genit. prep.); Idaho Co., Pollock , 1.v.1959, 1 ♂, 2.v.1959, 1 ♀, [no collector] ( WFBM, each with empty puparial case in gelatin capsule). MICHIGAN: Clinton Co., Bath , 6.vi.1940, 1 ♀, C. W. Sabrosky leg. ( USNM). MONTANA: 2 mi E Babb, 19.vii.1967, 2 ♀♀, B. A. Foote leg.; 15 mi S Big Fork, 26.vi.1967, 4 ♀♀ (3 ♀♀ genit. prep.), D. Allen leg. (all USNM); Granite Co., 14 mi S Clinton, 4000 ', 27.vi.1971, 1 ♀, J. R. Powers leg. ( CASC); Gallatin Co., Gallatin R. , 2 mi N Gallatin Gtwy [Gateway], 4100 ', 23.vi.2001, 1 ♂, J. B. Runyon leg. ( MTEC); 33.0 mi W Kalispell , 30.vi.1966, 1 ♂ 1 ♀; 33 mi W Kalispell , 3.viii.1966, 1 ♀; 1.0 mi S Swan Lake , 1.vii.1966, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), 2.viii.1966, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (1 ♀ genit. prep.), 20 mi S Swan Lake, 7.vii.1967, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, 14.vii.1967, 1 ♀ (genit. prep.), all B. A. Foote leg. (all USNM); 33.0 mi N West Glacier , 5.vii.1966, 3 ♀♀, K. Valley leg. ( USNM, 1 ♀ with puparial case in gelatin capsule). NEW YORK: Whiteface Mt., 19.vii.1962, 4600–4872 ', 1 ♀, J. R. Vockeroth leg. ( CNCI). WASHINGTON: Pacinc Co., Ft. Canby St. Park , 29.vi.1988, 1 ♀, W. N. & D. Mathis leg.; Pend Oreille Co., Ione , ca. 10 km W, Rt. 20, 48°40.4'N 117°28.2'W, 975 m, 5.vi.2006, 4 ♀♀, W. N. Mathis leg.; Mt. Constitution , 17.vii.1909, 1 ♂, [no collector], 1 ♂, J. M. Aldrich leg., 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, A. L. Melander leg., 22.vii.1909, 2 ♂♂, A. L. Melander leg., 1 ♂, C. F. Baker leg. (all USNM). WISCONSIN: Washburn Co., T39N R12W B 32, 4.vii. 1953, 1 ♀, R. H. Jones leg. ( USNM, genit. prep.). WYOMING: Yellowstone Pk., Twin Lakes , 10.vii.1923, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, A. L. Melander leg. ( USNM).

Other material examined (not included in type series). CANADA: ALBERTA: W.A. Switzer P. Pk., Beaver Ranch Trail , sweeps, 53°29.80'N 117°48.02'W, edge of Jarvis Ck., Carex utriculata , 22.vii.2011, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( DEBU 01503722 , thorax crushed) . ONTARIO: Bruce Peninsula N. P., Crane River below Lake Scugog , 45°07.0'N 81°32.1'W, sweeps, riverside vegetation, 3.vii.1999, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( DEBU, headless, genit. prep.) ; ~ 59 km NNW Elliot Lake, s. of Rocky Is. Lake , 46°50.16'N 83°03.05'W, 455 m, sweeping, mostly Carex rostrata ? [more likely C. utriculata ] in fen, 3.vii.2010, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, J. Roháček leg. ( SMOC, 2 ♂♂ used for molecular work, 1 ♀ headless) ; Manitoulin Island , 10 km W Gore Bay, 45°53'N 82°34'W, sweep in grassland alvar, 20.vi.1996, 1 ♂, P. Bouchard leg. ( LEMQ 0039583 , headless) ; Pancake Bay P. Pk. , 46°58.11'N 84°42.72'W, sweeps from boardwalk, mostly emergent sedges / Equisetum , 7.viii.2004, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. ( DEBU 01501077 , abdomen lost) ; Sault Ste. Marie, Finn Hill , 46°31.48'N 84°17.36'W, sweeping, mostly Scirpus microcarpus , 7.vii.2010, 1 ♂, J. Roháček leg. ( SMOC, used for molecular work) . QUEBEC: Mistassini , 3.vii.1956, 1 ♀, J. R. McGillis leg. ( CNCI, headless) . UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: ALASKA: Fairbanks , 2.vii.1921, 1 ♀, J. M. Aldrich leg. ( USNM, headless) . COLORADO: Summit Co., Frisco , 3.viii.2001, 1 ♀, I. S. Winkler leg. ( BYUC, headless) . WASHINGTON: Mt. Constitution , 17.vii.1909, 1 ♀, 22.vii.1909, 1 ♀, A. L. Melander leg. ( USNM, both headless) .

Description. Male. Total body length 2.22–2.94 mm; externally (including colouration) extremely similar to both relatives, the Palaearctic A. tschirnhausi and the above described A. shewelli (though usually more robust than the latter species), therefore mainly differences against these species are stressed in the description below. Head ( Fig. 483 ) slightly higher than long, with face somewhat more receding than that of A. shewelli and hence more angular in pronle (as in A. tschirnhausi ). Occiput and frons closely resembling that of A. shewelli in form, colour and microtomentum, but dark V-shaped area on frons often paler and anteromedially (above frontal lunule) usually interrupted by small pale (ochreous to yellow) area or short stripe. Frontal lunule, face, parafacialia, gena and postgena hardly different from those of A. shewelli . Mouthparts coloured as in A. shewelli but clypeus usually paler brown to ochreous. Cephalic chaetotaxy largely as described above for A. shewelli but both long ors distinctly shorter than oc, anterior ors setula in front of the middle ors often situated closer to the latter, postocular setulae (up to 10) and peristomal setulae (up to 6, sometimes some of them can be duplicated) usually more numerous, and palpus with preapical seta and ventral setulae longer. Eye broadly subovoid, with longest diameter strongly oblique and 1.3–1.5 times as long as the shortest. Smallest genal height about 0.14–0.16 times as long as shortest eye diameter. Antenna entirely yellow as in both relatives, but arista darker than in A. shewelli having basal segments pale brown and terminal seta blackish brown.

Thorax ( Fig. 483 ) generally as in both relatives but more densely microtomentose (grey, often with some bluish tinge) and duller than that of A. shewelli , hence more resembling that of A. tschirnhausi . Small pale ochreous to ochreous yellow spot on propleuron above fore coxa usually more distinct than that in A. shewelli . Thoracic chaetotaxy not particularly different from that of relatives although ac microsetae (particularly in larger specimens) usually more numerous, in up to 6 rows in front of suture. Holotype somewhat aberrant in having 3 strong stpl setae (posterior stpl duplicated) otherwise there are only 2 stpl as in both allied species. Legs with the same colouration as those of typical specimens of A. shewelli including the variably darkened (usually rather pale) last tarsal segments. Pedal chaetotaxy as in A. shewelli , having ctenidial spine of f 1 similarly variable in length, ranging from only as long as to distinctly longer than maximum width of t 1; t 2 with usual (for the A. tschirnhausi group) short posterior ventroapical seta and rather variable anterior ventroapical setula being small and nne to thicker and longer, although always markedly shorter than the former seta. Wing ( Fig. 486 ) largely as described above for A. shewelli but generally broader, R 2+3 less upcurved apically, and R 4+5 and M usually straighter and more parallel distally. Wing measurements: length 2.36–3.20 mm, width 0.74–0.99 mm, Cs 3: Cs 4 = 1.00–1.44, rm\dm-cu: dm-cu = 2.26–3.78. Haltere pale to whitish yellow as that of pale specimens of A. shewelli .

Abdomen with preabdominal terga brown but paler than thorax, and, particularly, T1 (sometimes partly also T2) paler than T3–T5, all similarly shaped to those of A. shewelli . Colouration of preabdominal sterna variable, ranging from pale ochreous yellow to light brown. S1 bare, with very narrow, brownish-darkened posterior margin, transversely trapezoidal, and wider and shorter than S2 (as in A. shewelli ). S2–S5 setose as in A. shewelli , becoming wider, larger and sometimes also darker posteriorly. S2 about as long as wide and with more or less darkened anterior third. S3–S5 wider than long, transversely trapezoidal (broader posteriorly), all generally wider than those of A. shewelli ; S5 widest, most transverse and more or less brownish-darkened laterally. T6 very similar to that of relatives but somewhat shorter, being less than half length of T5. S6 and S7 always paler (up to ochreous yellow) than S8 and both with usual brown anterior marginal ledge. S6 with 2–4, S7 with 3–4 short setae. S8 long, tapered posteriorly and setose as that of A. shewelli , similarly brown to T5, thus not as dark as epandrium.

Genitalia externally more resembling those of A. tschirnhausi than those of A. shewelli . Epandrium ( Figs 487, 489 ) blackish brown, high and distinctly tapered dorsally, about as long as A. tschirnhausi but slightly narrower and more densely setose than that of the latter species, with several (2–4 pairs) only slightly longer and thicker dorsolateral setae; anal nssure small, narrow, rounded (often asymmetrically) triangular, and narrower than that of A. tschirnhausi . Cercus small, with nne setae, as in relatives. Medandrium ( Fig. 487 ) very high, dorsally tapered and with narrow end dorsally emarginate as in relatives, resembling that of A. shewelli (dorsally somewhat narrower than in A. tschirnhausi ). Gonostylus ( Figs 487, 489, 493 , 510–512 ) most similar to that of A. tschirnhausi , yellow but with apex more or less darkened (brownish, particularly in large specimens), slightly shorter than epandrial height, slender, elongate, tapered and pointed apically, with anterior side concave ( Fig. 510 ) to almost straight ( Figs 493 ) and posterior side always strongly convex and with micropubescence usually covering larger portion of its outer side. Hypandrium ( Fig. 490 ) of moderate size, distally slightly larger than that of A. tschirnhausi and with anterior internal lobes much larger, darker, more heavily sclerotized and often projecting above dorsal hypandrial margin. Transandrium narrow ( Fig. 491 ), medially more robust than in A. tschirnhausi and with a pair of small, low, dark dorsal lobes (as in A. shewelli ); caudal process distinctly developed, narrow, nat, ventrally slightly narrowed, medially somewhat less sclerotized and laterally coalesced to secondary sclerotizations of basal membrane. Pregonite ( Fig. 490 ) fused with hypandrium, low, posteroventrally with a small, inconspicuous lobe carrying 2 (subequal or 1 slightly longer) setae; anterior nat part of pregonite with 3 setae (all on inner side, posterior seta longest, as in both relatives). Postgonite ( Fig. 490 ) very slender and elongate, darker proximally and paler distally where bent, apically more acute than in A. shewelli but not as pointed as in A. tschirnhausi , with 1 longer seta at middle of anterior margin, outer side with several sensillae. Basal membrane ventrally somewhat bilobed, with nat spines being pigmented ventrolaterally, and less numerous and hyaline medially ( Figs 490, 491 ); lateral parts adjacent to caudal process of transandrium secondarily sclerotized and amber yellow pigmented as in A. shewelli . Aedeagal part of folding apparatus ( Fig. 492 ) with numerous, dense, nat spine-like excrescences, often darker than in relatives; connecting sclerite inconspicuous, very slender, weakly sclerotized, bordering the former. Phallapodeme slender with robust fulcrum, ventrolaterally projecting apex and shortly forked base as in A. shewelli . Aedeagus slender ( Fig. 492 ), with small elongate phallophore similar to that of A. shewelli , indistinctly separated from large distiphallus. Saccus relatively slender, shorter than nlum, sclerotized in proximal half where it originates by lateral rounded sclerite with 1 internal spine; distally membranous and normally with 5 (rarely up to 8) thick spines on apex, thus armature resembling that of A. shewelli (not that of A. tschirnhausi with only 3 terminal spines). Filum formed by single, long, twisted and largely dark sclerite terminating in curved, pointed and nnely bicuspid apex ( Fig. 488 ) provided with a number (more than 10) subterminal spines; most of nlum (particularly its membranous proximal part) with numerous spinulae (yet more than in A. shewelli ). Ejacapodeme very small, with a small, pointed projection ( Fig. 492 ).

Female. Similar to male unless mentioned otherwise. Total body length 2.50–3.89 mm. 1st antennal nagellomere more or less darkened anterodorsally (more extensively on inner side) as in females of A. shewelli . Peristomal setulae usually yet more numerous (up to 9) than in male; also palpus often with more setulae (up to 15). f 1 with ctenidial spine variable as in male. Wing measurements: length 2.56–3.73 mm, width 0.77–1.21 mm, Cs 3: Cs 4 = 0.97–1.42, rm\dm-cu: dm-cu = 2.15–3.15. Abdomen in typical specimens with preabdominal terga (T1–T5) very pale ( Fig. 484 ), dirty yellow to orange ochreous, at most somewhat brownishdarkened on lateral sides and/or posterior corners. More rarely (see below) abdomen is markedly darkened, with T1–T5 (and also postabdominal T6, T7+S7) largely brown to dark brown ( Fig. 482 ) or brown-spotted laterally and medially and hence resembling that of A. shewelli . T1–T5 more transverse than in male; T1 distinctly narrower than T2; T2–T5 subequal in length but T2 slightly narrower than T3–T5, all relatively shortly setose (as in A. shewelli ). Preabdominal sterna light ochreous to pale yellow, only S2 with somewhat darkened anterior third to two-thirds and S1 (bare) with narrowly darkened posterior margin; S2–S5 becoming distinctly larger and wider posteriorly, only S2 as long as wide, S3–S5 slightly to distinctly wider than long, all slightly trapezoidal to suboblong; S5 widest and largest of them, as wide as postabdominal S6 but usually paler than the latter.

Postabdomen ( Figs 495, 496 , 502, 503 , 515 ), interestingly, more similar to that of A. shewelli , thus longer, more slender and elongate than that of A. tschirnhausi . T6 trapezoidal, wider and more transverse than in A. shewelli , setose as in A. shewelli ; typical specimens with T6 completely yellow, dark specimens with T6 brown-darkened to almost completely dark brown ( Fig. 502 ). S6 narrower than in A. tschirnhausi but wider than in A. shewelli , with setae relatively dense (as in the former species); yellow ( Fig. 496 ) to brown-darkened ( Fig. 503 ), rarely with darkened lateral margins. Conical tergosternum T7+S7 ( Fig. 495, 496 , 502, 503 , 515 ) long and very slender as in A. shewelli , somewhat emarginate anterodorsally; in typical specimens largely dark yellow to orange ochreous ( Fig. 495 ) or narrowly brownishdarkened at posterior margin ( Fig. 484 ), often with a pair of submedial brown stripes ( Fig. 484 ) and usually with narrow unpigmented posteromedial area (of variable size); ventral part of T7+S7 ( Fig. 496 ) mostly yellow to orange, prolonged, forming distinctly darker (orange brown to contrastingly brown) anterolateral pouch-like lobes, and with variably paler to unpigmented areas in anterior third that are usually not (below 7th spiracle) depressed and/ or separated from darker dorsal part by a lateral ridge (compare Fig. 517 to Fig. 516); most of ventral side of T7+S7 covered by whitish micropubescence that is denser and stronger anterolaterally than medially ( Fig. 496 ); other parts of tergosternum without micropubescence and glossy; setae largely as in A. shewelli . In dark variant T7+S7 is largely brown ( Fig. 502, 503 , 515 ), paler only anterodorsally or completely brown, and with anterolateral lobes dark. On the other extreme, in paler specimens (e.g. some southwestern Alberta populations) with orange yellow T7+S7, the anteroventral lobes are pale or only slightly darkened, and the apical marginal band is very narrow, diffuse, or absent, often with a submedial pair of ventral stripes (as in Fig. 484 ). T8 ( Figs 495, 499 , 502, 506 , 513, 515 ) elongate, very narrow and dark brown as in A. shewelli , without micropubescence, setulae longer than in the latter species. S8 ( Figs 496, 499, 500 , 503, 506, 507 , 513 ) slightly longer and often narrower than that of A. shewelli , half length or more of T8, longitudinally divided into two dark brown sclerites and lacking micropubescence as in A. tschirnhausi , with longer setulae and with 2 pairs of setae in posterior half. Genital chamber ( Figs 497, 499, 500 , 504, 506, 507 , 513 ) with one pair of posterior elongate nat sclerites, variable in length, usually as long as or longer than T8 ( Figs 499 , 506 ), but sometimes shorter ( Fig. 513 ); annular sclerite asymmetrical and situated as in A. shewelli . Ventral receptacle ( Figs 497 , 504 ) membranous, tubular as in A. shewelli , with wider proximal part and attenuated distal part terminated by spirally vermicular apex. Accessory gland also closely resembling that of A. shewelli , including duct. Spermathecae (1+1) relatively small, the larger 0.6–0.8 times as long as medial length of S10, more broadly subovoid and with more densely transversely striated surface ( Figs 494, 498 , 501, 505 , 514 ) than in A. shewelli , less elongate and with surface less densely striated than in A. tschirnhausi (cf. ROHÁĆEK 2009a: Figs 66, 67 ) and its smooth basal part with numerous nne setiform ( Figs 494, 498 ) to somewhat thickened ( Figs 501, 505 ) spinulae. T10 ( Figs 495, 499 , 502, 506 ) small, elongately subpentagonal (as in A. shewelli ), brown, with a pair of long medial setae and 1–2 pairs of short setulae, otherwise without micropubescence. S10 ( Figs 496, 499 , 503, 506 ) distinctly larger than T10, also brown, relatively narrow and elongate, longer than in both relatives, and largely bare, with a single pair of medial setae, a few setulae at posterior margin and reduced micropubescence restricted to posterior fourth. Cercus ( Figs 495, 499 , 502, 506 ) slightly longer than in A. shewelli , but similarly shortly setose including distinctly exclinate apical setae, and with limited micropubescence that is restricted to its ventral side. Variability. Some variability of the male gonostylus is shown in Figs 493 , 510–512 . Compared to A. shewelli , the variability in shape of the gonostylus is less extreme, but there is more variation in the extent of the micropubescence. On the other hand, the dorsal colouration of the female abdomen is more variable than in A. shewelli , ranging from almost completely orange yellow (including T7+S7) to largely blackish brown, but it is to be stressed that the extreme colour variants do not occur in all populations. Only the dark form is known from Alaskan populations, but females with brown-darkened preabdominal terga have been recognized in some northeastern (Labrador, Newfoundland) and northwestern (British Columbia, Alaska) areas, as well as in Montana (Swan Lake, Big Fork, both ~ 1000–2000 m) and Colorado, including high-montane areas in the latter ( Nederland, 8500 ft [~ 2600 m], Beaver Creek, 10000 ft [~ 3000 m]). The frequency of occurrence of the dark females may be increased in colder climates. On the other extreme, those smaller females with an entirely orange yellow preabdomen and reduced or no darkening on the anterolateral lobes and posterior margin of T7+S7, seem to occur infrequently among most populations, but are predominant in several populations in southwestern Alberta (Peter Lougheed P. Pk. [~ 1600 m]) and Churchill, Manitoba (10–14 m).

Discussion. Anthomyza gilviventris sp. nov., appears to be very similar and closely allied to both the Nearctic A. shewelli and the Palaearctic A. tschirnhausi . Apart from A. shewelli having a clearly dissimilar gonostylus, the differentiation of males of A. gilviventris and A. tschirnhausi is more problematic because they both have a similarly formed gonostylus with convex posterior and concave to almost straight anterior margins (cf. Figs 510–512 and ROHÁĆEK 2009a: Fig. 57 ). However, the Palaearctic A. tschirnhausi differs from the Nearctic A. gilviventris in having a broader epandrium and anal nssure, lower anterior internal lobes of the hypandrium, a less-developed caudal process of the transandrium, and, most importantly, a saccus with only 3 terminal spines. Identincation of females of A. gilviventris is more difncult because of a wide colour variability of the abdomen. Typical specimens can be distinguished from those of the above relatives by a strikingly orange yellow to orange ochreous abdomen that is usually accompanied by a pair of contrasting anteroventrolateral dark spots (see Fig. 484 ) on the pouch-like lobes of T7+S7. Because these spots can sometimes be reduced or missing (especially in some populations in Alberta), these specimens can closely resemble the (albeit very rare) palest females of A. shewelli . On the other hand, the darkest females of A. gilviventris have an abdomen with T1–T6 brown to blackish-brown, darkened as in typical females of A. shewelli , but the T7+S7 of A. gilviventris is almost completely (also anteriorly) dark. In these extreme cases they can be best distinguished from A. shewelli females by the relative size and shape of the spermathecae (in A. gilviventris the larger spermatheca is only 0.6–0.8 times as long as S10 and more broadly ovoid) and T7+S7 is usually lacking the lateral ridge and the depressed unpigmented micropubescent area below the 7th spiracle. Also, the microtomentum of the mesonotum is characteristically denser, paler and often with a bluish tinge. It is to be stressed that the A. gilviventris females with dark abdomens are also very similarly coloured to those of A. tschirnhausi , but the latter species differs by its less posteriorly tapered T7+S7, a wider T8 and S8 (this also shorter) and more elongate spermathecae with striae covering a larger part of their surface (cf. ROHÁĆEK 2009a: Figs 63–69 ).

Etymology. The new species is named for the largely yellow abdomen of most females (an adjective compounded from gilvus (= Latin yellow) and venter (= Latin abdomen)).

Biology. As discussed for A. shewelli , the habitat of A. gilviventris is also primarily characterized by moist areas including various wetland areas including “fen”, “edge of fen”, and “margin of fen pools”. There are fewer references to wooded areas such as “forest noor”, “forested area”, “boreal forest”, and “wet forest trail”. The most commonly referenced plants are the sedges Carex and Scirpus , but other plants are commonly ( Equisetum ) or occasionally ( Typha , Caltha ) found intermixed. Grasses are also present in these habitats and are sometimes even predominating.

Particularly large collections at one site (Ontario: Sault Ste. Marie – Finn Hill; see A. shewelli – Biology) were made from Scirpus microcarpus , which was a perennially reliable habitat for A. gilviventris , yielding only a few A. shewelli . This portion of the sedge meadow receives and retains signincant runoff from the bordering wooded ridge to the west leading to soil saturation over an extended period of the growing season. A western site (Alberta: Spray Valley P. Pk.) was predominated by a Carex that was not identined to species, but matched other identined specimens of C. utriculata from similar sites sampled in southwestern Alberta (e.g. Peter Lougheed P. Pk.). The nies from this southwestern Albertan locality include those A. gilviventris that are smaller in body size and do not have the darkened anteroventral lobes of T7+S 7 in the female. All the specimens from Manitoba: Churchill, a northern site, were similarly pale and were taken in open areas of tundra and fen, but also boreal forest, although the latter might include wet openings.

A single female emerged from a pail of overwintered stalks of Equisetum ssuviatile collected in the spring of 2012 (Ontario: Marathon; see A. vockerothi – Biology). This was a rare event and the local population of A. gilviventris is more likely to be associated with the intermixed Carex aquatilis , as is also likely for the single reared male of A. gibbiger . The night period for A. gilviventris runs from 1 May (Idaho: Pollock) to 4 September (Ontario: Pancake Bay P. Pk.).

Distribution. Anthomyza gilviventris has a much more extensive distribution compared to that of A. shewelli . Though it is known from fewer eastern jurisdictions from Newfoundland and Labrador to New York, it ranges west to British Columbia and Washington, and then south to Colorado and north to Alaska, Yukon, and Northwest Territories. Records are available for Canada: Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon; United States of America: Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, New York, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming (see Table 2, Fig. 598 ).

Figures

Figs 481–484. Primary types and females of the Nearctic species of the Anthomyza tschirnhausi group. 481 – A. shewelli sp. nov., holotype male, laterally, body length 2.30 mm; 482 – A. gilviventris sp. nov., dark form, paratype female, laterally, body length 3.42 mm (USA: Colorado); 483 – A.gilviventris sp. nov., holotype male, laterally, body length 2.89 mm; 484 – same species, topotypic paratype female, laterally, body length 3.57 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs 485–486. Wings of the Nearctic species of the Anthomyza tschirnhausi group. 485 – A. shewelli sp. nov., paratype male, wing length 2.7 mm (Canada: Ontario); 486 – A. gilviventris sp. nov., paratype male, wing length 3.0 mm (Canada: Ontario). Photo by K. N. Barber.

Figs 487–493. Anthomyza gilviventris sp. nov., paratype male (Canada: Ontario). 487 – external genitalia, caudally; 488 – apex of nlum, subventrally; 489 – external genitalia, laterally; 490 – hypandrial complex, laterally; 491 – transandrium, caudally; 492 – aedeagal complex, laterally; 493 – gonostylus, ventrolaterocaudally (widest extension). Scales = 0.05 mm (Fig. 488) and 0.1 mm (others).

Figs 494–500.Anthomyza gilviventris sp. nov., paratype female (Canada:Ontario). 494 – spermatheca; 495 – postabdomen, dorsally; 496 – the same, ventrally; 497 – distal part of female genital chamber, laterally; 498 – spermatheca; 499 – end of postabdomen with internal sclerites, laterally; 500 – internal sclerites and S8, ventrally. Scales = 0.05 mm (Figs 494, 498), 0.2 mm (Figs 495, 496) and 0.1 mm (others).

Figs 501–507. Anthomyza gilviventris sp. nov., dark form, paratype female (USA: Montana). 501 – spermatheca; 502 – postabdomen, dorsally; 503 – the same, ventrally; 504 – distal part of female genital chamber, laterally; 505 – spermatheca; 506 – end of postabdomen with internal sclerites, laterally; 507 – internal sclerites and S8, ventrally (micropubescence omitted). Scales = 0.05 mm (Figs 501, 505), 0.2 mm (Figs 502, 503) and 0.1 mm (others).

Figs 508–515. Gonostyli (Figs 508–512) of paratypes ventrolaterocaudally (in widest extension) and female postabdominal structures (Figs 513–515) of the Nearctic species of the Anthomyza tschirnhausi group. 508 – A. shewelli sp. nov.(Canada:Ontario); 509 – same species (USA:Montana); 510 – A.gilviventris sp.nov.(Canada:British Columbia); 511, 512 – same species (USA: Colorado); 513 – A. gilviventris sp.nov., paratype female,dark form (USA:Colorado), 8th abdominal segment with internal sclerites, laterally; 514 – same specimen, spermatheca; 515 – same specimen, 7th and 8th abdominal segments, dorsally. Scales = 0.1 mm (Fig. 513), 0.2 mm (Fig. 515) and 0.05 mm (others).

Figs 66–69.Living Arganthomyza carbo Roháček & Barber, 2013 and its habitat. 66 – A. carbo, male dorsally, body length ca. 2.7 mm; 67 – same specimen, laterally (Canada: Ontario:Sault Ste. Marie); 68 – same, enlarged, frontally; 69 – undergrowth of humid aspen forest at Baseline Rd. in Sault Ste. Marie, habitat of A. carbo, A. vittipennis, A. bivittata, and A. duplex. Photo by J. Roháček. Adapted from ROHÁĆEK & BARBER (2013: Figs 48–51).

Figs 54–59. Ischnomyia albicosta (Walker, 1849), male (Canada: Ontario). 54 – hypandrial complex, ventrally; 55 – transandrium, caudally; 56 – hypandrial complex, laterally; 57 – apex of nlum, subventrally; 58 – aedeagal complex, laterally; 59 – gonostylus, lateroventrocaudally (widest extension). Scales = 0.05 mm (Figs 57, 59) and 0.1 mm (others). For abbreviations see p. 11.

Figs 60–65. Ischnomyia albicosta (Walker, 1849), female (Canada: Ontario, Figs 60, 64; USA: Tennessee, Figs 61–63, 65). 60 – postabdomen, dorsally; 61 – spermathecae; 62 – female internal sclerites, ventrally; 63 – ventral receptacle, sublaterally; 64 – postabdomen, ventrally; 65 – female genital chamber and S8, laterally. Scales = 0.05 mm (Figs 61, 63) and 0.1 mm (others). For abbreviation see p. 11.

Fig. 598. Map of North America showing distributions of two members of Cluster 2: Anthomyza gilviventris sp. nov. and A. pullinotum sp. nov. The square symbols for A. pullinotum are enlarged to improve visibility at common localities. See “Distributional patterns” for explanation of Clusters.