Prismognathus

Huang, Hao & Chen, Chang-Chin, 2012, A review of the genera Prismognathus Motschulsky and Cladophyllus Houlbert (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae) from China, with the description of two new species, Zootaxa 3255, pp. 1-36 : 19

Key to the females of Prismognathus and Cladophyllus from China (using external characters only)

The genitalic character states do not vary among species in accordance with the external morphological characters; therefore it is too complicated to make a key using both external and genitalic characters. The females are individually variable for most species and only slightly different among species; some characters may be blunt. Therefore, to give a better knowledge of the differences, two keys have been made using external characters and genitalic characters respectively. Both keys should be used for a reliable identification of female specimens.

1 Width of antennomere 9 approximately equal to length of antennomeres 2–6......................... 2 ( Cladophyllus )

- Width of antennomere 9 markedly shorter than antennomeres 2–6................................ 4 ( Prismognathus )

2 Mandible with inner tooth obsolete. Antennomere 10 strongly excavated at apex. Punctures on head and pronotum markedly small.............................................................................. C. oberthuri Houlbert

- Mandible with inner tooth well defined. Antennomere 10 weakly excavated at apex. Punctures on head and pronotum markedly large........................................................................................ 3

3 Width of antennomere 7 approximately half the width of antennomere 8............................ C. nobuhikoi Ikeda

- Width of antennomere 7 less than half the width of antennomere 8............................. C. bousqueti Boucher

4 Lateral angles of pronotum protruding..................................................................... 5

- Lateral angles of pronotum not protruding, at most sharply angled.............................................. 7

5 Both body surface black. Femora black..................................................... arcuatus (Houlbert)

- Both body surface reddish brown. Femora light yellowish brown or reddish brown.................................. 6

6 Mandible with inner tooth obsolete. Lateral angle of the pronotum protruding with a right angle........ P. sukkitorum Nagai

- Mandible with inner tooth well defined. Lateral angle of the pronotum protruding with an acute angle................................................................................................... P. haojiani Huang & Chen

7 Metasternum with a visible pubescence........................................................ P. siniaevi Ikeda

- Metasternum without a visible pubescence................................................................. 8

8 Postocular margin longer than or as long as eye.......................... P. formosanus Nagel and P. p il u e n s i s Sakaino

- Postocular margin shorter than eye....................................................................... 9

9 Tip of canthus usually reaching the outer limit of eye.................................... P. prossi Bartolozzi & Wan

- Tip of canthus markedly inside of the outer limit of eye...................................................... 10

10 Posterior part of canthus nearly perpendicular to lateral margin of eye. Body black................ P. shani Huang & Chen

- Posterior part of canthus not perpendicular to lateral margin of eye. Body black or brown.......................... 11

11 Restricted to northeast China........................................................ P. dauricus (Motschulsky)

- Not present in northeast China.......................................................................... 12

12 Body black.......................................................................................... 13

- Body more or less brown.............................................................................. 15

13 Restricted to Yunnan and southern Sichuan................................................................ 14

- Not present in Yunnan and southern Sichuan.................................................. P. davidis Deyrolle

14 Tip of canthus narrower and sharper. Restricted to Gaoligongshan.............................. P. nigricolor Boucher

- Tip of canthus wider and blunter. Not present in Gaoligongshan............................. P. alessandrae Bartolozzi

15 Pronotum more transverse, with lateral margins in front of lateral angles usually strongly convergent anteriorly......... 16

- Pronotum less transverse, with lateral margins in front of lateral angles usually weakly convergent anteriorly........................................................... P. davidis Deyrolle, P. triapicalis (Houlbert) and P. sinensis Bomans

16 Restricted to Vietnam and southern Yunnan............................. P. kanghianus kanghianus (Didier & Séguy)

- Not present in Vietnam and southern Yunnan.............................................. P. klapperichi Bomans