Apenesia singularis Lanes & Azevedo, 2004

Alencar, Isabel D. C. C. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2020, Revision of the world Apenesia Westwood (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), Zootaxa 4724 (1), pp. 1-72 : 36-38

Apenesia singularis Lanes & Azevedo, 2004

( Figs 5C , 6Q , 9I , 12H , 14L , 23 G–I)

Apenesia singularis Lanes & Azevedo, 2004 , 679: 6–8, Figs 8–10 .

Description. Holotype. Male. Length 5.1 mm. LFW 4.1 mm.

Colors. Head and body black; antenna, mandible and clypeus dark castaneous; legs castaneous; wings hyaline, veins castaneous.

Head. Head wider than long, rectangular. Frons weakly coriaceous, densely puncticulate; frontal line absent. Vertex straight. Clypeus broad with median lobe subtrapezoidal, median tooth present, and large, apical margin smooth, median carina short in profile. Mandible with four apical teeth, teeth with different size, upper tooth mesad, two upper teeth equally sized. Eye weakly bulging. Ocelli small, triangle with proximal edges.

Mesosoma. Dorsal pronotal area very short. Notaulus present, complete, strongly converging posterad. Parapsidal signum weakly impressed. Mesoscutellum as long as wide, posterior margin almost straight; mesoscutummesoscutellar sulcus almost straight, narrow, shallow, without fovea on side edge. Axilla subtrapezoidal, deep, small. Metanotal trough mostly imbricate, with few foveae, metanotal fovea oval; median region wide, large, with posterior margin straight. Metapectal-propodeal complex short, posterior margin almost straight; metapostnotal median carina absent, metapostnotum row of anterior foveae, and polished. Metapectal-propodeal complex polished. Paraspicular sulcus irregularly foveolate; lateral carina of metapectal-propodeal carina present; lateral surface of propodeum imbricate, inferior region foveolate. Propodeal declivity polished-foveolate.

Metasoma. Petiole short. Hypopygium with plate long, posterior margin almost straight, flap present. Genitalia: paramere straight. Basivolsella apical inner margin smooth. Apex convex. Cuspis with apical margin with three apical calli, ventral larger than other, dorsal end short. Aedeagus with two apical lobes, ventral lobe large; dorsal lobe long; subapical membrane short; aedeagal dorsal cover wide.

Female. Unknown.

Material examined. Types: Holotype ♂, BRAZIL, Rondônia, Ouro Preto do Oeste, Linha 2/2, lote 36, gleba 21-b, 03–05.IX.1986, Malaise trap, F. F. Ramos col. ( MPEG) . Paratypes: BRAZIL, Amazonas: 1 ♂ Reserve Ducke , 06–17.VII.1992, Stick trap 10–20 m, J. Vidal & J. Vidal col. ( UFES nº 11133), 1 ♂, Reserve 1113, 31.X.1985, Mal- aise trap, B. Klein col. ( UFES nº 11132); 1 ♂ Maranhão, Imperatriz, Ribeirãozinho, 02–05.VIII.1989, Malaise trap, F. F. Ramos col. ( UFES nº 11134); Pará: 1 ♂, Serra dos Carajás, Estrada Manganês, 07. VI .1983– 12. VI .1993, Mal- aise trap, T . Pimentel & equipe col. ( UFES nº 11135); 2 ♂, Serra Norte , Estrada Manganês, 16. VI .1983– 08. VI .1993, Malaise trap ( UFES nº 11136, 11137). New material : COSTA RICA, 2 ♂, La Selva , CC100 , 8–15-v-1989, MT , Tree fall gap, Brown and Feener, ( PMAE); 1 ♂, Alajuela, Chiles de Aguas Zarcas , xi-1989 – i-1990, R . Cespedes, coffee, 300m ( PMAE) ; PANAMÁ, 1 ♂, Comarca Kuna Yala, Ustupu, Rio Abudi , [09º07’57”N], [77º55’36”W], 6–12 dic. 1999, Malaise, P. González [col.] ( MIUP) ; ECUADOR: 1 ♂, Sucumbios, Rio Napo, Sacha Lodge , 0°30’S, 76°30’W, 3–13.VIII.1994, M[alaise] T [rap], P. [J.] Hibbs [col.], 225 m, ( CNCI); 1 ♂, Sucumbios, Sacha Lodge, 0.5ºS, 76.5ºW, 3–13.iv.1994, Malaise trap, P. Hibbis [col.], 290 m, ( LACM) ; 1 ♂, Napo, Yasuni Biol. Sta. , 0.67°S, 76.39°W, 18–26.v.1996, Malaise trap, P. Hibbs, 220m, Cephalotes site, ( AEIC) ; PERU, 1 ♂, SM , Tarapoto-Yurima- guas rd, km 20, “ Biodiversidad ”, 0634S, 7620W, 7–8.vii.04, BBrown, CRasmussen, Ecorona, 950m, ( CRRC) ; BRAZIL: 1 ♂, AC , Brasiléia, ramal 13 (km 13) da estrada que liga Brasileia a Assis Brasil, mata, S 10° 54’ 30.9’’, W 68° 49’ 27.1’’, 12–19.i.2014, coleta manual em barraca de shannon ( UFES); 1 ♂, Amazonas , Novo Aripuanã , Reserva Soka , 01°15’53”S, 60°07’08”W, 17–25.VIII.1999, arm[adilha] Suspensa, J. F. Vidal & A. L Henriques col., Igarapé, ( INPA); 2 ♂, AM , Novo Aripuanã, Reserva Soka, 05°15’53”S, 60°07’08W, 17–25.VIII.1999, Arm. Malaise, J.F. Vidal & A.L. Henriques col. ( INPA) ; 1 ♂, Novo Aripuanã , Reserva Soka , 05°15’53”S, 60°07’08”W, 17–25.VIII.1999, arm[adilha] Suspensa, J. F. Vidal & A. L Henriques col., Igarapé ( INPA); 1 ♂, AM , Novo Ar- ipuanã, Reserva Soka , 01°15’53”S, 60°07’08”W, 17–25.VIII.1999, arm[adilha] Suspensa, J. F. Vidal & A. L Hen- riques col., Igarapé ( INPA); 1 ♂, AM , Novo Aripuanã, Reserva Soka , 06–10.xii.1999, Arm. Malaise, J. F. Vidal col., Área aberta ( INPA); 1 ♂, AM , Novo Aripuanã, Lago Xadá, C. Bela Vista , 17.IV.2005, Arm. Malaise, T . Flane col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, AM , Parc. Nac. Do Jaú, Rio Jaú , Igarapé Patauá, 23–28.Vii.1995, Arm. Malaise, J. A. Rafael & J. F. Vidal col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva 1110, Lateral leste, 11.X.1984, rede, Bert Klein col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva 1112, Lateral oeste, 24.X.1984, rede, Bert Klein col. ( INPA), 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva 1501, km 41, Lateral oeste, 15–30.III.1996, arm. Suspensa ( INPA); 1 ♂, AM , Itacoatiara, Mil Madereira, 16.XII.1999, Arm. Malaise, J. F. Vidal col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas , Presidente Figueredo , 02°01’05”S, 59°49’59”W, 04–08.IX.2008, Arm. Malaise, T. R . Krobow & F. F. Xavier Fo col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke , Rod. AM 010 km 26, Igarapé Acará, X. 2001, Arm. Malaise, J. F. Vidal col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazo- nas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke , Rod. AM 010 km 26, Igarapé Acará, X. 2001, Arm. Malaise, J. F. Vidal col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus , Reserva Ducke , Rod. AM 010 km 26, Igarapé Bolívia, 10.II.2003, Arm. Malaise, J.M.G. Ribeiro col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus , Reserva Ducke , 31.ix.1986, Ulisses, L. col. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Pará, Parauapebas , Serra do Norte , Carajás Igarapé do Pajuca , [05°54’S], [49°53’W], 20–22. V .1984, arm[adilha] Sus- pensa (2m), O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Bacajá , Bom Jardim , 20–24.XI.2007, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Iga- rapé Di Maria , 13–17.XI.2007, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Igarapé Di Maria , 13–17.XI.2007, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Bacajá , Bom Jardim , 20–24.XI.2007, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG) 14310; 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Igarapé Di Maria , 07–11.II.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Igarapé Di Maria , 2–16.VII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Igarapé Di Maria , 2–16.VII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 2 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Bacajá , Bom Jardim , 07–10.VII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 3 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Igarapé Di Maria , 12–16.VIII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Iga- rapé Gaioso , 12–16.VIII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Igarapé Gaioso , 07–10.VII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Anapu, Rio Xingu, Caracol , Barra do Vento , 24–25.IV.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Anapu, Rio Xingu, Caracol , Barra do Vento , 20–23.IX.2007, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 2 ♂, Pará, Altamira, Rio Xingu, Ilha Bela Vista , 07–10.VIII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Altamira, Rio Xingu, Ilha Grande , 06–10.XI.2007, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 3 ♂, Pará, Altamira, Rio Xingu, Itapuama , 06–11.XI.2007, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Juriti, Propriedade Barroso , Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Juriti, Mauari , 01.XII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Juriti, Mineração Alcoa, Capiranga , 29.x.2007, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Vitória do Xingu, Rio Xingu, Bacajá , Bom Jardim , 07–10.VIII.2008, Arm. Malaise, O. T . Silveira & equipe col. ( MPEG); 1 ♂, Pará, Óbidos, Sitio Curió , 01°47’03”S, 55°07’05”W, 29.viii–08.ix.2001, arm. Malaise, J. A. Rafael & J. F. Vidal ( INPA); 1 ♂, Pernambuco, Caruaru, v-1972, J. Lima ( PMAE); 1 ♂, Caruaru , Apr. 1972, M. Alvarenga ( AEIC) .

Comments. This species is similar to A. goela by having the pronotum short, the metapostnotum mostly polished with row of fovea anteriorly. However, A. singularis has the mandible with four teeth; the notauli complete; the mesoscutum-mesoscutellar suture straight and shallow; the hypopygium with plate long and the genitalia with cuspis with three apical calli, whereas A. goela has the mandible with three teeth; the notauli obliterated posteriorly; the mesoscutum-mesoscutellar suture weakly arched and deep; the hypopygium with plate short and the genitalia with cuspis with one apical callus.

Remarks. The illustrations of the body, genitalia and hypopygium were provided using a non-type specimen.

Distribution. Neotropical ( Brazil, Costa Rica, Panama).

Figures

FIGURE 5. Head. A. Apenesia perlonga; B. Apenesia sahyadrica; C. Apenesia singularis. Mandible. D. Apenesia amenula; E. Apenesia aniela, F. Apenesia azeda; G. Apenesia beliella; H. Apenesia berela; I. Apenesia bifiela; J. Apenesia celiela, K. Apenesia chandela; L. Apenesia cila; M. Apenesia colombela.

FIGURE 6. Mandible. A. Apenesia elela; B. Apenesia esila; C. Apenesia eura; D. Apenesia farela; E. Apenesia gabela, F. Apenesia girena; G. Apenesia goela; H. Apenesia itoiela; I. Apenesia joela; J. Apenesia juliela, K. Apenesia kelsiela; L. Apenesia laevigata; M. Apenesia leytensis; N. Apenesia makiharai; O. Apenesia perlonga; P. Apenesia sahyadrica; Q. Apenesia singularis.

FIGURE 8. Dorsal mesosoma. A. Apenesia colombela; B. Apenesia elela; C. Apenesia esila; D. Apenesia eura; E. Apenesia farela, F. Apenesia gabela; G. Apenesia girena; H. Apenesia goela; I. Apenesia itoiela.

FIGURE 9. Dorsal mesosoma. A. Apenesia joela; B. Apenesia juliela; C. Apenesia kelsiela; D. Apenesia laevigata; E. Apenesia leytensis, F. Apenesia makiharai; G. Apenesia perlonga; H. Apenesia sahyadrica; I. Apenesia singularis.

FIGURE 10. Lateral mesosoma. A. Apenesia amenula; B. Apenesia aniela; C. Apenesia azeda; D. Apenesia beliella; E. Apenesia berela, F. Apenesia bifiela; G. Apenesia celiela; H. Apenesia chandela; I. Apenesia cila; J. Apenesia colombela.

FIGURE 12. Lateral mesosoma. A. Apenesia kelsiela; B. Apenesia laevigata; C. Apenesia leytensis, D. Apenesia makiharai; E. Apenesia perlonga; F. Apenesia sahyadrica; G. Apenesia singularis.

FIGURE 14. Hypopygium. A. Apenesia girena; B. Apenesia goela; C. Apenesia itoiela; D. Apenesia joela; E. Apenesia juliela; F. Apenesia kelsiela; G. Apenesia laevigata; H. Apenesia leytensis; I. Apenesia makiharai; J. Apenesia perlonga; K. Apenesia sahyadrica; L. Apenesia singularis. (Scale bar 125µm)

FIGURE 23. Genitalia. A–C. Apenesia perlonga; D–F. Apenesia sahyadrica; G–I. Apenesia singularis; A, D, G. ventral view; B, E, H. dorsal view; C, F, I. cuspis, lateral view. (Scale bar 125µm)