Apenesia makiharai ( Sawada, Terayama & Mita, 2014 )

Alencar, Isabel D. C. C. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2020, Revision of the world Apenesia Westwood (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), Zootaxa 4724 (1), pp. 1-72 : 31-32

Apenesia makiharai ( Sawada, Terayama & Mita, 2014)

( Figs 4H , 6N , 9F , 12E , 14I , 22 G–I)

Neoapenesia makiharai Sawada, Terayama & Mita 2014 , 17: 326–328, Figs 1–7 . ♀ ♂.

Apenesia makiharai ( Sawada, Terayama & Mita, 2014) : Alencar et al. 2018 (designation of combination).

Description. Paratype. Male. Length 3.2 mm. LFW 2.3 mm.

Colors. Head black; mesosoma and metasoma reddish castaneous; clypeus and mandible castaneous; antenna gradually darker distally; wings hyaline, veins light castaneous.

Head. Head as long as wide, rounded. Frons coriaceous, sparsely puncticulate; frontal line absent. Vertex convex. Clypeus broad with median lobe subtrapezoidal, median tooth small, apical margin crenulate, median carina short in profile. Mandible with three apical teeth, teeth with different size, two upper teeth equally sized. Eye weakly bulging. Ocelli large, triangle with distal edges.

Mesosoma. Dorsal pronotal area short. Notaulus absent. Parapsidal signum well delimited. Mesoscutellum as long as wide, posterior margin almost straight; mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus weakly arched, narrow, shallow, without fovea on side edge. Axilla subtrapezoidal, deep, small. Metanotal trough imbricate, metanotal fovea linear; median region wide, narrow, with posterior margin straight. Metapectal-propodeal complex short, posterior margin convex; metapostnotal median carina absent, metapostnotum imbricate, and polished. Metapectal-propodeal complex polished. Paraspicular sulcus weakly puncticulate; lateral carina of metapectal-propodeal carina absent; lateral surface of propodeum imbricate, inferior region foveolate. Propodeal declivity polished-imbricate.

Metasoma. Petiole short. Hypopygium with plate short, posterior margin strongly concave, flap absent. Genitalia: paramere slightly sinuous. Basivolsella apical inner margin smooth. Basiparamere with apical dorsal projec- tion large, apex convex. Cuspis with apical margin with three apical calli, ventral larger than other, dorsal end short. Aedeagus with two apical lobes, ventral lobe large; dorsal lobe short; subapical membrane long; aedeagal dorsal cover wide.

Female. Known.

Diagnosis. Paratype. Female. Length 2.5 mm. Color. Body castaneous. Mandible with two apical teeth. Clypeus short with apical margin of median lobe concave, apical margin with bristles, median carina absent. Eye dark, oval, with facets indistinct. Malar space longer than eye length. Frons polished, punctures small and very sparse. Head subquadrate with sides subparallel, vertex slightly weakly concave, 1.1 × as long as wide. Dorsal pronotal area with sides parallel, anterior margin with median emargination. Maximum width of metapectal-propodeal complex 1.7 × its minimum width. Mesopleuron with carina dividing dorsal and lateral faces. Mesotibia strongly spinose. Metasoma as long as head and mesosoma together, petiole short.

Comments. The holotype and allotype are deposited at TULE and were not examined. This species was first described based on specimens emerged from dead wood. It is easily recognized by having the head rounded and as long as wide; the mandible with three teeth; the notaulus absent and the metapostnotum imbricate anteriorly.

Material examined. Paratype ♂, ♀, JAPAN, Ryukyus , / mt. Omoto-dake, Ishigakijima I., plant species un- known, Coll. 5.iii.2003, Emr. 11.xii.2011, H. Makihara leg ( NIAES). New material : INDONESIA, Sula Isl. Mangole, Buluhaya, Mal. trap 18, c 90m, 6-26.iii.1995, C. v. Achterberg & Y. Y. Asir ( RMNH) .

Remarks. The illustration of the body, genitalia and hypopygium was done using a non-type specimen.

Distribution. Oriental ( Indonesia, Japan).

Figures

FIGURE 1. General characteristics of Apenesia. A. Palpi; B. Mesosoma, dorsal view, C. Forewing; D. Hind wing; E–G. Genitalia: E. Basivolsella, internal view; F. Genitalia, dorsal view; G. Detail at higher magnifications of apical projection on basiparamere apex, dorsal view.

FIGURE 2. Head. A. Apenesia amenula; B. Apenesia aniela; C. Apenesia azeda; D. Apenesia beliella; E. Apenesia berela, F. Apenesia bifiela; G. Apenesia celiela; H. Apenesia chandela.

FIGURE 3. Head. A. Apenesia cila; B. Apenesia colombela; C. Apenesia elela; D. Apenesia esila; E. Apenesia eura, F. Apenesia farela; G. Apenesia gabela; H. Apenesia girena.

FIGURE 4. Head. A. Apenesia goela; B. Apenesia itoiela; C. Apenesia joela; D. Apenesia juliela; E. Apenesia kelsiela, F. Apenesia laevigata; G. Apenesia leytensis; H. Apenesia makiharai.

FIGURE 5. Head. A. Apenesia perlonga; B. Apenesia sahyadrica; C. Apenesia singularis. Mandible. D. Apenesia amenula; E. Apenesia aniela, F. Apenesia azeda; G. Apenesia beliella; H. Apenesia berela; I. Apenesia bifiela; J. Apenesia celiela, K. Apenesia chandela; L. Apenesia cila; M. Apenesia colombela.

FIGURE 6. Mandible. A. Apenesia elela; B. Apenesia esila; C. Apenesia eura; D. Apenesia farela; E. Apenesia gabela, F. Apenesia girena; G. Apenesia goela; H. Apenesia itoiela; I. Apenesia joela; J. Apenesia juliela, K. Apenesia kelsiela; L. Apenesia laevigata; M. Apenesia leytensis; N. Apenesia makiharai; O. Apenesia perlonga; P. Apenesia sahyadrica; Q. Apenesia singularis.

FIGURE 7. Dorsal mesosoma. A. Apenesia amenula; B. Apenesia aniela; C. Apenesia azeda; D. Apenesia beliella; E. Apenesia berela, F. Apenesia bifiela; G. Apenesia celiela; H. Apenesia chandela; I. Apenesia cila.

FIGURE 9. Dorsal mesosoma. A. Apenesia joela; B. Apenesia juliela; C. Apenesia kelsiela; D. Apenesia laevigata; E. Apenesia leytensis, F. Apenesia makiharai; G. Apenesia perlonga; H. Apenesia sahyadrica; I. Apenesia singularis.

FIGURE 12. Lateral mesosoma. A. Apenesia kelsiela; B. Apenesia laevigata; C. Apenesia leytensis, D. Apenesia makiharai; E. Apenesia perlonga; F. Apenesia sahyadrica; G. Apenesia singularis.

FIGURE 14. Hypopygium. A. Apenesia girena; B. Apenesia goela; C. Apenesia itoiela; D. Apenesia joela; E. Apenesia juliela; F. Apenesia kelsiela; G. Apenesia laevigata; H. Apenesia leytensis; I. Apenesia makiharai; J. Apenesia perlonga; K. Apenesia sahyadrica; L. Apenesia singularis. (Scale bar 125µm)

FIGURE 22. Genitalia. A–C. Apenesia laevigata; D–F. Apenesia leytensis; G–I. Apenesia makiharai; A, D, G. ventral view; B, E, H. dorsal view; C, F, I. cuspis, lateral view. (Scale bar 125µm)