Horismenus patensis Pikart

Pikart, Tiago G., Costa, Valmir A., Hansson, Christer, Zanuncio, José C. & Serrão, José E., 2015, Three new species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) associated with seed pods of Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae), Zootaxa 3994 (4), pp. 565-578 : 570-574

Horismenus patensis Pikart , Costa & Hansson, sp. nov.

Figs 18–31

Type material. Holotype female ( MZSP) point mounted, with label “BRASIL-PB-Patos, [07º03’31”S, 37º16’34”W], Ex frutos de Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae) , col. TG Pikart, 10.xi.2011 ”. Paratypes. 10♀ 16♂ ( MZSP) with same label data as holotype.

Some of the male and female paratypes have the gaster telescoped and/or damaged wings and/or missing antennomeres.

Diagnosis. Upper frons and scutellum with engraved and strong reticulation ( Figs 23, 26 , 29, 31 ); malar sulcus present; mesoscutum with raised and strong reticulation ( Figs 26 , 31 ); first gastral tergite with punctuations in posterior one-half ( Fig. 28 ); fore wing with speculum open below; propodeum with median carina parallel-sided and with anterior part rounded ( Figs 27 , 31 ); petiole dorsomedially with a narrow and smooth longitudinal carina ( Fig. 27 ).

Similar to Horismenus erasmus Hansson , but with area just above frontal suture with engraved reticulation ( Figs 23 , 29 ), malar sulcus present, midlobe of mesoscutum with raised and strong reticulation along anterior margin ( Figs 26 , 31 ), propodeum with median carina wider and submedian grooves narrower, anterolateral foveae predominantly smooth and with rounded sides almost reaching plicae ( Fig. 27 ), and first gastral tergite with punctuations in posterior one-half ( Fig. 28 ). Also similar to H. zuleidae , but posterior ocellus closer to occipital margin than to eye ( Fig. 24 ), midlobe of mesoscutum with raised and strong reticulation along anterior margin ( Figs 26 , 31 ), propodeum with median carina wider, and submedian grooves narrower.

Description. Female. Length 2.0– 2.4 mm.

Color. Scape yellowish white to yellowish brown, with apical one-fourth metallic blue to metallic bluish green, pedicel and flagellum metallic bluish green ( Fig. 18 ). Frons and vertex metallic blue to metallic bluish green ( Fig. 19 ). Mesoscutum metallic bluish green with golden tinges ( Fig. 21 ). Scutellum metallic dark blue to bluish green with golden tinges on smooth parts ( Fig. 21 ). Propodeum metallic bluish green with golden tinges in some parts, reticulate parts shiny black ( Fig. 21 ). Coxae metallic blue to metallic bluish green; femora, tibiae and tarsi yellowish white, with 4th tarsomere pale brown ( Fig. 18 ). Wings hyaline. Petiole shiny black. Gaster with first tergite shiny black, anterior one-third laterally with metallic bluish green tinges.

Head. Antenna as in Fig. 25 . Frons ( Fig. 23 ) with interscrobal area smooth and shiny, clypeal area with weak reticulation, region below antennal toruli with raised reticulation and area just above frontal suture with engraved and strong reticulation; frontal suture V-shaped, incomplete and not reaching eyes; antennal scrobes joining below frontal suture. Malar sulcus present. Vertex with engraved and strong reticulation; median groove present ( Fig. 24 ). Occipital margin rounded.

Mesosoma. Midlobe of mesoscutum with raised and strong reticulation along anterior margin, remaining parts with engraved and strong reticulation ( Fig. 26 ); lateral lobes with raised and strong reticulation in anterior twothirds and engraved and strong in posterior one-third ( Fig. 26 ); notauli complete. Scutellum with engraved and strong reticulation, weakening near median groove, smooth and shiny along posterior margin ( Fig. 26 ). Dorsellum convex, smooth and shiny, with two large foveae separated or connected medially. Propodeum ( Fig. 27 ) including part of anterolateral foveae smooth and shiny, submedian grooves, nucha, plica, part of propodeal callus and supracoxal flange with strong reticulation; anterolateral foveae large and with rounded sides, almost reaching plicae; propodeal callus with 2 setae. Coxae smooth and shiny to weakly reticulate. Fore wing with speculum open; with 13–16 admarginal setae; costal cell bare.

Metasoma. Petiole dorsomedially with a narrow and smooth longitudinal carina ( Fig. 27 ). Gaster with first tergite with punctuations in posterior one-half, anterior one-half and posterior margin smooth and shiny ( Fig. 28 ).

Ratios. DE /DO 4.7; WH/ DE 2.1; HE/MS/WM 3.5/1.0/2.0; POL/OOL/POO 5.7/2.0/1.0; WH/WT 1.0; LW/LM/ HW 1.8/1.2/1.0; PM/ST 0.8; LC/WC 4.9; WG/WC 1.1; LS/LT 0.2; LP/WP 1.0; MM/LG 1.1.

Male. Length 2.0 mm.

Similar to female, except as follows.

Color. Scape white to yellowish white with apical one-half to one-third metallic green to metallic bluish green, pedicel metallic bluish green, flagellum metallic bluish green to bluish green with golden tinges. Vertex metallic bluish green with golden tinges ( Fig. 20 ). Mesosoma metallic bluish green with golden tinges, reticulate parts of propodeum shiny black ( Fig. 22 ). Femora, tibiae and tarsi white to yellowish white, with 4th tarsomere pale brown.

Head. Antenna as in Fig. 30 . Interscrobal area smooth and shiny to weakly reticulate ( Fig. 29 ).

Mesosoma. Scutellum ( Fig. 31 ) with engraved and strong reticulation, also close to median groove, smooth and shiny along posterior margin.

Ratios. HE/MS/WM 3.5/1.0/2.1; LP/WP 1.3; MM/LG not measurable because gaster is telescoped.

Etymology. Named after the type locality.

Distribution. Brazil (Patos, PB).

Hosts. Specimens obtained from seed pods of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. (Fabaceae) . Species identification. Using the key of Hansson (2009), females run to subkey F, couplet 13, first alternative, and males run to couplet 74, first alternative. Both sexes can be differentiated from H. erasmus and H. zuleidae by the features given in the diagnosis above.

Figures

FIGURES 18 – 22. Horismenus patensis: 18, lateral habitus, female, holotype; 19, head, frontal, female, paratype; 20, head, frontal, male, paratype; 21, mesosoma, dorsal, female, paratype; 22, mesosoma, dorsal, male, paratype. Scale bars: 18 = 500 µm; 19 – 22 = 200 µm.

FIGURES 23 – 28. Horismenus patensis, female, paratypes: 23, head, frontal; 24, vertex, indicating median groove (black arrow); 25, antenna, lateral; 26, mesosoma, dorsal; 27, propodeum, showing anterolateral foveae with rounded sides almost reaching plicae (black arrow) and petiole with a median carina (white arrow); 28, gaster, dorsal, showing first tergite with punctuations in posterior one-half (black arrows). Scale bars: 23 – 24, 26, 28 = 200 µm; 25, 27 = 100 µm.

FIGURES 29 – 31. Horismenus patensis, male, paratypes: 29, head, frontal; 30, antenna, lateral; 31, mesosoma, dorsal. Scale bars: 29 – 30 = 200 µm; 31 = 100 µm.