Toxomerus calceolatus ( Macquart, 1842 )

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, Zootaxa 4959 (1), pp. 1-178 : 151

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3BAB6920-30AC-410A-995B-BBDA9E2A105D
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4705592
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD4340-FF2C-18CE-FF27-0D94FA88F8A0
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Toxomerus calceolatus ( Macquart, 1842 )
status

Treatment

Toxomerus calceolatus ( Macquart, 1842) View in CoL

Figs 210–211 View FIGURES 210–215

Syrphus calceolatus Macquart, 1842: 91 View in CoL

Mesogramma calceolatus Shannon, 1927: 24 *

Mesograpta calceolatus Fluke, 1956: 219 *

Type locality and data. “ Chile ” (T, A, MNHNP) .

Material examined. Antofagasta: 1♂, Toconao , El Loa, 8.I.1996, Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; Coquimbo : 1♀, Tranque Recoleta , 28.X.1975, Leg. Camousseight ( MNHNCL) ; 2♂, 2♀, El Naranjo, Tilama , I.1968, Leg. J. Molina ( MEUC) ; Valparaíso : 1♀, San Pedro, 5.IV.1966, Leg. C. Vivar ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Caleta Higuerillas , 6.V.1963, Leg. Hichins ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Santa Rosa de Colmo , 14.VIII.1963, Leg. Hichins ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Bosque relicto Quintero, 9.IV.1966, Leg. C. Vivar ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Limache , 11.V.1966, Leg. C. Vivar ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Los Andes , 30.XI.1957, Leg. NN ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Las Melosas , 16.XII.1995, Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; Metropolitana : 4♂, 4♀, Rinconada de Maipú , 30.I.1963, Leg. NN ( MEUC) ; O’Higgins : 1♀, San Vicente de TaguaTagua, 15.XI.1969, Leg. F. Rojas ( MNHNCL) ; Los Ríos: 3♂, 7♀, Valdivia , 22.III.1981, Leg. E. Krahmer ( UACH) ; 1♂, Santa María , 9.X.1988, Leg. E. Krahmer ( UACH) ; Los Lagos: 1♂, Ancud , Chiloé, 30.I.1996, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL) .

References. Macquart, 1842: 151 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 311 (cat.); Reed, 1888: 300 (cat.); Shannon, 1927: 24 (desc. & key); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 138, fig. 26a (abdomen, female) (desc.); Etcheverry, 1963: 58 (cat.); Rojas, 1966: 175 (cat. of predators of aphids); Etcheverry, 1970: 95 (cat.), Thompson et al., 1976: 49 (cat.); Marinoni et al., 2007: 149 (illustrated key); Thompson & Thompson, 2006: 325 (desc. & cat.); Boyes et al., 1973: 371 (karyotypes); González & Coscarón, 2005: 347 (distr.); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2005: 412 (pollinator study); López et al., 2012: 6 (key).

World distribution. Argentina and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From Antofagasta to Los Lagos región ( Fig. 220 View FIGURE 220 ).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (5– 2,500 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Some indivudals of T. calceolatus recently captured showed some grade of melanism in the tergites, with yellow fasciae thinnest, which can due to coldest conditions of growing habitat of larvae. Toxomerus calceolatus is associated with the native herbaceous and tree species Anagallis alternifolia Cav. var. and E. cordifolia , respectively ( Smith-Ramírez et al. 2005, 2016). This flower fly species has been observed visiting B. rapa (Joaquín López, CSP record); Baccharis sp. (Matías Cortés, CSP record); Hebe speciosa (A. Cunn) J. C. Andersen (Fernanda Gatalina, CSP record); T. officinale (Daniel Cross, Gabriel Germain and Victor Jesam, CSP records); Ranunculus sp. (Norka Contreras, CSP records) and R. raphanistrum (Ani Mari and Felipe Cabello, CSP records).