Copestylum (Phalacromya) escomeli ( Curran, 1929 )

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, Zootaxa 4959 (1), pp. 1-178 : 86

Copestylum (Phalacromya) escomeli ( Curran, 1929)

Fig. 126–127

Volucella escomeli Curran, 1929: 489

Type locality and data. “ Arequipa, Peru ” (T, ♂, AMNH) .

Material examined. Arica y Parinacota: 2♂, 1♀, Timar, 19.XI.1966, Leg. J . Herrera ( IEUMCE); 1♂, Codpa , 30.XI.1985, Leg. J . Herrera ( IEUMCE); 1♂ Putre, 3650m, 24.II.1984 ( Etcheverry 1952) ; Tarapacá: 1♂, Miñita , 16.II.1948, Leg. J . Herrera ( IEUMCE); 1♀, MiñeMiñe , 13.II.1948, Leg. J . Herrera & M. Etcheverry ( IEUMCE); (sex undetermined) Mamiña , 11.IX.1951, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC) ; 1♀, Poroma , 10.III.1948 ( Etcheverry 1952) ; 1♂, 3♀, Parca, 13.XI.1964, Leg. M. Etcheveryy, ( IEUMCE) ; Antofagasta: 1♂ , Antofagasta, no date, Leg. Montero ( IEUMCE) ; 1♂, Punta de Lobos , no date, Leg. NN ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, 2♀, Paposo, 10.X.1983, Leg. G. Arriagada ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Quebrada San Ramón, TalTal , 21.X.1985, Leg. G. Arriagada ( MNHNCL) ; 2♀, TalTal , 6.I.1965, Leg . Herrera ( IEUMCE) ; Atacama: 1♂, 2♀, Carrizal Bajo, IX.1997, Leg. F. Toores & E. Benavides ( MZUC) ; 1♀, Camino a Domeyko , 24.IX.1977, Leg. O . León ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, 2♀, Capote, 28.XI.2016, Leg.R. Barahona-Segovia ( PCRBS, CSP) ; Coquimbo: 1♂, Guanaqueros , 03.XI.1975, Leg. A. Camousseight ( MNHNCL) ; Valparaíso: 1♀, Mantagua , 01.I.1968, Leg. J. Solervicens ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Playa Ancha , 11.XII.1963, Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Lago Peñuelas, 28.VIII.1986, Leg. NN ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Santiago, 04.I.1967, Leg. NN ( MNHNCL) ; Maule: (sex undetermined) Talca , 22.II.1968, Leg. NN ( MNHNCL) .

References. Curran, 1929: 1 (desc.); Fluke, 1951b: 16, figs 15, 29, 40 & 55 (desc.); Etcheverry, 1951: 356 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1952: 309 (cat.); Fluke, 1957: 68 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1963: 101 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1970: 96 (cat.); Arroyo et al., 1982: 93 (pollinator study).

World distribution. Peru and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From Arica y Parinacota to Maule region ( Fig. 145 ).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (10– 3,650 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Copestylum escomeli is associated with coastal desert flora from the Coastal Desert province ( Morrone 2014). The species is found in shrublands at high-altitude ( Arroyo et al., 1982), and in desert bloom events. It has been associated with shrublands and flowers of H. stenophyllum (César Martínez and Gamal Naser, CSP records); Frankenia chilensis K. Presl (Rodrigo Barahona-Segovia pers. obs.); Balbisia peduncularis (Lindl.) D.Don (Gabriela Germain, CSP record); Nolana crassulifolia Poepp. (Rodrigo Barahona pers. obs.); Carica chilensis (Planch. ex A. DC.) Solms (Ana Sandoval, CSP record); Cistanthe sp., Tetragonia maritima Barnéoud and Encelia canescens Lam. in the coastal desert (R. Barahona-Segovia, pers. obs.). This species also inhabits the sclerophyllous forests of Mediterranean Central Chile.

Conservation status. LC; EOO = 209,948 km 2, AOO = 100 km 2, 22 subpopulations and 23 localities.

Figures

FIGURE 145. Distribution map of Copestylum longirostre (Macquart, 1846) (blue circles); Copestylum escomeli (Curran, 1929) (red circles); Copestylum frauenfeldi (Schiner, 1868) (black circles) in Chile.

FIGURES 122–127. (122) Copestylum bradleyi (Curran, 1925) (photo by Matías Barceló), scale bar = 2 mm. (123) Copestylum bulbosum (Fluke, 1951) (photo by Matías Barceló), scale bar = 3 mm. (124) Copestylum cockerelli (Curran, 1927) (photo by Vicente Valdés), scale bar = 3 mm. (125) Copestylum longirostre (Macquart, 1846), lateral view. Scale bar = 2.5 mm (Photo by Vicente Valdés). Copestylum escomeli (Curran, 1929): (126) female and (127) male, feeding on Oxalis sp. (photos by Pedro Vargas).