Globocalynda cornuta, Hennemann & Conle, 2024

Hennemann, Frank H. & Conle, Oskar V., 2024, Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXVI: Taxonomic review of Cladomorformia tax. n., a lineage of Diapheromerinae stick insects, with the descriptions of seven new genera and 41 new species (Phasmatodea: Occidophasmata: Diapheromerinae), Zootaxa 5444 (1), pp. 1-454 : 58-60

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5444.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5DE4A9DD-99F7-4E23-AD50-58DC491BB75E
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A5E20A86-82CE-48FF-A052-6239CC3D90A9
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:A5E20A86-82CE-48FF-A052-6239CC3D90A9
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Globocalynda cornuta
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Globocalynda cornuta sp. n.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A5E20A86-82CE-48FF-A052-6239CC3D90A9

( Figs. 21D, 21G, 21K View FIGURE 21 , 22A, 22 View FIGURE 22 KL, 23O–Q)

HT, ♀: Prov. Napo, Baeza , 2000 / 2500 m, 31.X.1997; Museum Paris, Equateur, Amédégnato / Paulain réc. [ MNHN] .

PT, ♀ (penultimate instar): Prov. Napo, Baeza / Lago Agrio: El Chaco, 1700 m, 18./ 19.IX.1997; Museum Paris, Equateur, Amédégnato / Paulain réc. [ MNHN] .

PT, ♂: Ecuador: Napo Province, Coca , ii.1982, G. Onore, B.M. 1985–61 [ NHMUK] .

PT, ♂: Ecuador: Napo Province, Coca , iii.1982, G. Onore, B.M. 1985–61; jungle vegetation [ NHMUK] .

PT, ♂: Ecuador: Napo Province, Coca, iv-ix.1982, G. Onore, B.M. 1985–61; jungle vegetation [ NHMUK] .

Diagnosis. Males of this new species ( Fig. 21D View FIGURE 21 ) are very similar to those of G. cyrtocnemis ( Bates, 1865) comb. n. with which they share conspicuous chromatic traits, such as the longitudinal yellow streaks of the head ( Fig. 21K View FIGURE 21 ) and pale anterolateral markings of the abdominal terga. They can however be differentiated from this species by the notably smaller size (body length in cyrtocnemis > 90.0 mm) and much stockier shape with shorter and stronger legs (mesothorax 7.5x longer than prothorax vs. 9.5x in cyrtocnemis ), apically narrowed anal segment ( Fig. 23P View FIGURE 23 ; widened in cyrtocnemis ) and longer poculum, which has the posterior margin distinctly triangular and strongly protruded medially ( Fig. 23O View FIGURE 23 ). Females ( Fig. 21A View FIGURE 21 ) resemble those of G. unilobata (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 ) but readily differ by the bi-cornute head ( Fig. 21G View FIGURE 21 ), distinctly granulose to tubercular meso- and metathorax ( Fig. 21G View FIGURE 21 ) and presence of a large, rounded dorsal lobe on the basitarsi. Globocalynda cyrtocnemis is the only other species, in which ♀♀ bear spines on the vertex, but they differ from G. cornuta sp. n. by the smooth mesothorax, slender basitarsi, much more globose head, bi- or tri-fid sub-basal lobes of the meso- and metafemora (entire and rounded in cornuta ) and much shorter subgenital plate, which projects beyond the apex of the abdomen by nor more than the length of the anal segment (projecting by more than the combined length of abdominal terga VIII–X in cornuta ).

Etymology. The name (cornutus lat. = horned) refers to the bi-cornute head of ♀♀ of this new species ( Fig. 21G View FIGURE 21 ). Feminine.

Description. ♀♀ ( Fig. 22A View FIGURE 22 ): Rather small (body length including subgenital plate 135.0 mm) and stocky for the genus with a bi-cornute head, distinctly granulose to tubercular meso- and metathorax, strongly lobate mid and hind legs and prominently crested basitarsi. General colour of the holotype pale olive and irregularly flecked with greyish brown (legs in particular); the legs faintly annulated. Granules and tubercles of the mesothorax cream-coloured. Pronotum with a fine black medio-longitudinal line. Bases of profemora red interiorly. Eyes ochre. Antennae drab.

Head ( Fig. 21G View FIGURE 21 ): Sub-ovate, widest at the eyes, distinctly narrowing toward the posterior and about 1.2x longer than wide. Vertex flattened with a slightly impressed coronal line and sparsely supplied with small granules, area between the eyes raised and armed with a distinct a pair of slender and acute, slightly forward directed spines. Frons with a prominent curved, transverse impression between bases of antennae. Eyes circular in outline, projecting almost hemispherical and their diameter contained almost 2x in length of genae. Antennae somewhat projecting over posterior margin of median segment. Scapus strongly compressed dorsoventrally, carinate laterally, rectangular in dorsal aspect with lateral margins roughly parallel-sided and 1.75x longer than wide. Pedicellus round in cross-section and about half the length of pedicellus, weakly constricted apically.

Thorax: Pronotum shorter and narrower than head, basically roundly rectangular in shape with a slight median narrowing and the anterior portion slightly widened; almost 1.5x longer than wide. Anterior margin somewhat raised and supplied with a pair of small, median tubercles, the surface otherwise sparsely granulose and with a pair of somewhat enlarged, obtuse median granules just in front and behind transverse median sulcus; the latter prominently impressed, weakly curved and almost reaching to lateral margins of segment ( Fig. 21G View FIGURE 21 ). Mesothorax somewhat narrowed anteriorly and weakly widened posteriorly, the median portion rather uniform in diameter; 6.5x longer than prothorax. Mesonotum with an obtuse medio-longitudinal carina and unevenly set with granules or node-like tubercles of variable sizes ( Fig. 21G View FIGURE 21 ), a granulose longitudinal carina close and parallel to lateral margins. Metanotum with sculpturing like mesonotum but with the tubercles less pronounced, about 0.43x of whose length, 3.1x longer than wide and parallel-sided. Meso- and metapleurae with a longitudinal row of node-like tubercles (less distinct on metapleurae). Meso- and metasternum granulose and with an obtuse medio-longitudinal carina.

Abdomen: Median segment about half the length of metanotum with lateral margins distinctly concave; somewhat more than 2x longer than wide and surface very sparsely set with granules. Segment II almost equal in length to median segment, rectangular and about 2x longer than wide. III and IV strongly increasing in length, IV–VI roughly uniform in length and all wider than II; VI about 2.2x longer than wide and 1.5x longer than II. VII notably narrower than preceding and about three-fifth the length of VI. All terga with an obtuse longitudinal bulge laterally, VI with an obtusely rounded swelling posteromedially ( Fig. 22K View FIGURE 22 ) and VII with the lateral margins weakly deflexed posteriorly. Praeopercular organ on sternum VII formed by an indistinct posteromedian impression and by the somewhat lamellate and rounded lateral margins. Tergum VIII about one-third the length of VII, strongly constricted medially and with posterior margin notably wider than anterior margin; strongly convex longitudinally and the lateral margins somewhat deflexed and gently rounded. IX slightly trapezoidal in dorsal aspect, wider than VII but notably shorter and scarcely longer than wide. Anal segment slightly shorter than IX, carinate medio-longitudinally and wider than long; the posterior margin almost straight with a very shallow median indention and the outer angles widely rounded ( Fig. 21L View FIGURE 21 ). Epiproct small, roundly triangular, carinate and slightly projecting over posterior margin of anal segment. Cerci small, conical. Gonoplacs large, broadly paddle-shaped and projecting beyond abdomen by length of anal segment ( Figs. 22K–L View FIGURE 22 ). Subgenital plate long, projecting beyond apex of abdomen by about 1.5x the length of abdominal terga VIII–X taken together, naviculate, prominently keeled longitudinally with a conspicuous narrowing medially, the posterior portion roundly dilated and the apex fairly acute ( Figs. 21K–L View FIGURE 21 ). Upper margins deflexed and forming a distinct, narrowly rounded protrusion that laterally projects under lateral margins of abdominal tergum IX; the lateral surfaces in basal portion with a very acute and lamellate longitudinal carina.

Legs: Fairly stocky with distinct armature of the mid and hind legs ( Fig. 22A View FIGURE 22 ). Profemora shorter than mesothorax, mesofemora about as long as metathorax, metafemora reaching about half the way along abdominal segment IV and metatibiae slightly projecting over posterior margin of segment VI. Meso- and metafemora weakly downcurved and with bot outer ventral carinae forming a prominent, semi-circular lobe sub-basally and a small, blunt tooth sub-apically; the posterodorsal carina with a broad and obtusely triangular lobe sub-apically. The same sub-apical dorsal lobe present on meso- and metatibiae and the medio-ventral carina weakly rounded sub-basally. All basitarsi with a prominent, rounded lobe dorsally; roughly as long as the remaining tarsomeres taken together.

♂♂ ( Fig. 21D View FIGURE 21 ): Fairly small (body length 68.0– 69.5 mm) and stocky for the genus with a yellow and brown striped head and a strongly protruded apex of the poculum. Body surface smooth and slightly glossy. General colour dark greyish brown with a slight olive wash on meso- and metathorax. Head yellow with a broad dark brown medio-longitudinal streak and a dark brown postocular streak ( Fig. 21K View FIGURE 21 ); frons and the portion between the eyes also dark brown. Abdominal terga II–VIII each with a white oval marking at anterolateral corners. Dorso-lateral portions of poculum turquoise. Femora dark red with the apical portion washed dark brown, the tibiae rather brown with faint dark reddish annulae. Antennae dark reddish brown with the ventral surface darker than dorsal surface.

Head ( Fig. 21K View FIGURE 21 ): Sub-ovate and proportionally somewhat shorter and less narrowed towards the posterior than in ♀♀; unarmed and only with a pair of shallow raised areas between the eyes. Frons weakly impressed and with two shallow pits between bases of antennae. Eyes very large, circular in outline, projecting hemispherical and their length contained less than 1.2x in length of genae. Antennae almost reaching to tip of abdomen. Scapus and pedicellus basically as in ♀♀.

Thorax: Basic shape of pronotum as in ♀♀, but surface smooth and the transverse median sulcus less impressed and slightly shorter. Mesothorax 7.5x longer than prothorax, uniform in diameter and just indistinctly widened at anterior margin and posteriorly. Metanotum less than half the length of mesonotum; mesonotum and metanotum with a fine medio-longitudinal carina and with a longitudinal lateral row of minute greyish granules. Meso- and metasternum with a fairly distinct, fine medio-longitudinal carina.

Abdomen: Median segment roughly half the length of metanotum, 4x longer than width of anterior margin, somewhat widened towards the posterior and the lateral margins very gently curved. Segment II slightly longer than median segment, II–IV slightly increasing and V–VII decreasing in length with IV and V roughly equal in length and VII only two-thirds the length of II; II about 3.2x and V about 3.6x longer than wide. Segments II–VII all weakly narrowed medially and VII slightly widening in the posterior portion. All segments wholly smooth. Tergum VIII roundly trapezoidal in dorsal aspect, with posterior margin 1.3x wider than anterior margin and 1.3x more than length of segment; roughly two-thirds the length of VII and broader than all preceding segments. IX about as long as VIII, strongly convex longitudinally, somewhat widened posteriorly and the lateral margins moderately deflexed and gently rounded; the posterior portion notably higher than anterior portion. Anal segment only about three-quarters the length of IX, strongly descendant towards the posterior and triangular in lateral aspect ( Fig. 23O View FIGURE 23 ), in dorsal aspect narrowed posteriorly with the posterior margin strongly emarginated medially and roundly bilobate in outline; notably wider than long ( Fig. 23P View FIGURE 23 ). Outer portions of posterior margin ventrally set with numerous small, dark reddish brown denticles. Epiproct minute and fully concealed under anal segment. Vomer basically triangular in shape with a short, but acute and slightly upcurved terminal hook; the ventral surface with a shallow medio-longitudinal impression. Cerci about as long as anal segment, very slender, round in cross-section, gently arched and club-shaped. Poculum very large and bulgy, about as high as tergum IX and with a small, laterally compressed central protrusion; the posterior margin strongly protruded, triangular and ± reaching to apex of anal segment ( Fig. 23O, Q View FIGURE 23 ).

Legs: Moderately long and slender, wholly unarmed. Profemora almost as long as head, pro- and mesothorax combined, mesofemora notably longer than metathorax, metafemora reaching about half the way along abdominal segment VI and metatibiae projecting greatly beyond tip of abdomen. All basitarsi slender, elongate, the pro- and metabsitarsi slightly longer, the mesobasitarsi somewhat shorter than the remaining tarsomeres taken together.

Comments. Eggs unknown.

Table 3: Measurements of Globocalynda cornuta sp. n.