Sinotilla yakushimensis ( Yasumatsu, 1934 )

Okayasu, Juriya, 2017, Two new species of the genus Sinotilla Lelej, 1995 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae), with notes on taxonomic characters, Zootaxa 4294 (2), pp. 151-169 : 162-163

Sinotilla yakushimensis ( Yasumatsu, 1934)

( Figs 25 , 33–34)

Smicromyrme yakushimensis Yasumatsu, 1934: 65 , ♀. Type locality: “Anbô-Funayuki” (Yakushima Is., Ôsumi Isls., Japan). Holotype, ♀ [ELKU]; Tsuneki 1972: 20, 25, ♀; Yoshida 1989: 651.

Sinotilla yakushimensis: Yamane 1999: 379 , ♀; Lelej 2005: 56, ♀; Terayama 2005: 8, 16, ♀; Terayama et al. 2011: 13, 21, ♀; Lo Cascio 2015: 557; Terayama et al. 2016: 168, ♀.

Diagnosis. FEMALE. This species can be separated from other species of group 3 by the following combination of characters: head circular in lateral view; mandible with a distinct preapical inner denticle; T1 black with yellowish red tinge basally.

Head black, covered with pale golden setae. In dorsal view, outline of head pentagon with anterior margin strongly protruding, 1.4 times wider than long; lateral margins strongly convergent posteriorly behind eye; posterior margin incurved. In lateral view, head circular due to frons strongly bending; gena wide in lateral view with GOI = 1.06. Antenna black; scape, pedicel and F1 tinged with yellowish red. Palpi yellowish red. Mesosoma entirely yellowish red, covered with pale golden setae; lateral margins weakly convergent posteriorly; scutellar scale moderately wide, about 2.5 times as broad as nearby punctures. Legs reddish brown. Metasoma oval, black, covered with pale golden setae; S1 yellowish red with median longitudinal carina; S2–S6 each with apical fringe of pale golden setae. MALE. Unknown.

Material examined. Holotype, ♀, Anbô-Funayuki, Yakushima Is., Ôsumi Isls., Japan, 7.VIII.1929, Hiroshi Hori leg. [ELKU].

Distribution. Japan: Ôsumi Isls. (Yakushima Is.).

Remarks. This species is known only from one female, and similar to females of S. subparallela ( Chen, 1957) in having the characters of group 3. However, it differs in the mandible with a distinct preapical inner denticle (mandible without inner denticles in subparallela ), and the black T1 (yellowish red in subparallela ).

Discussion. In lateral view, head forms of S. subparallela (http://timdm.tari.gov.tw/aic/detail.php?metadata=1 &sid=31150039&genus= Smicromyrme &species= subparallela &speauthor=&speauthor, accessed 15 May 2017), S. contractula (http://timdm.tari.gov.tw/aic/detail.22php?metadata=1&sid=31150030&genus= Smicromyrme &species = contractula &speauthor=&speauthor, accessed 15 May 2017), S. lambirensis , S. calopoda sp. nov., S. ohbayashii sp. nov. and S. cyaneiventris are more or less elongated longitudinally. By contrast, the head form of S. yakushimensis is not elongated at all and circular in lateral view. This comparison of head forms suggests that S.

subparallela in group 3 is more closely related to species in other groups than S. yakushimensis against the grouping based on characters of T2. In other words, color based grouping adopted in the present study probably does not reflect phylogenetic relationship properly. However, it is still useful for identification, so the key to females of Sinotilla is provided using color based grouping.

Figures

FIGURES 25 – 26. Sinotilla spp., ♀♀, habitus, lateral view. 25. S. yakushimensis (Yasumatsu); 26. S. cyaneiventris (André).