Physodera unicolor, Ma, Yunlong, Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2017

Ma, Yunlong, Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2017, Revision of the Oriental Genus Physodera Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Physoderina), with the descriptions of two new species, Zootaxa 4243 (2), pp. 297-328 : 308-309

Physodera unicolor sp. n.

Fig. 22 , 42 , 56.

Material examined. Holotype ( IZAS), a male, " China, Zhejiang Prov. / Lin'an, Qingliangfeng / Station / N30.11106°, E118.90077° "; " 920m, 2004. VI.18 N / Liang Hongbin & Teiji Sota / Institute of Zoology, / Chinese Acad. Sciences"; " Holotype / Physodera unicolor / sp. n. / Des. Ma & Shi, 2016 " [red label]. ( Figs. 10 , 22 ) Paratypes . China: 1 male ( IZAS), " Gansu Prov., Kangxian county, Qinghe forestry farm, 1450–1650m, 1998. VII.15, Yao Jian lgt" . 2 females ( IZAS), " Hubei Prov., Xingshan, Longmen, 1350m, 1993. VII.14, Sun Baowen lgt." . 1 male, 1 female ( IZAS), " Zhejiang Prov., Lin'an, Qingliangfeng Station, N30.11106° E118.90077°, 920m, 2004. VI.18 N, Liang Hongbin & Teiji Sota lgt." . 1 male ( IZAS), " Zhejiang Prov., Lin'an, Tianmushan, N30°19′ E119°27′, 300–400m, 2006. VIII.19, light trap, Shi Hongliang lgt." . 1 male ( IZAS), " Zhejiang, Tianmushan , 1999.VII." . 2 male ( SNUM), " Zhejiang Prov., West Tianmu, 300m, 2008. IV.26, Yinziwei lgt." . 1 male, 2 females ( SNUM), " Zhejiang Prov., Lin'an, West Tianmu, 2008.VI., Huang Hao lgt." . 1 female ( SNUM), " Zhejiang Prov., West Tianmu, 300–400m, 2008.VIII, Yin ziwei lgt." . 1 male ( IZAS), " Mokanshan , 1935. V.9 " . 1 male, 3 females ( IZAS), " Zikawei , 1924. III.17 " . 1 female (IZAS), "ZO-SE, 1 939.IV.". 2 males ( IZAS), " Anhui Prov., Yaoluoping, 2006.VIII, Ding Liang lgt." . 1 male ( IZAS), " Anhui Prov., Yaoluoping , 2 006.VIII, Ding Liang. lgt." . 2 males ( HBUM), " Anhui Prov., Yaoluoping Reserve, 2007. VII.17–21, Ba Yibin, Lang Juntong , Wang Fengyan lgt." . 1 female ( SNUM), " Anhui Prov., Yuexi County, Yaoluoping Reserve, N30°59′05″ E116°04′41″, 1050m, 2013.6.16, Dai & Peng lgt." . 1 specimen ( IZAS), “ Anhui Prov., Huanshan, Tangkou town, Fuxi villiage, 30°04′44″ 118°08′56″, 2013. VII.11, Xu Hao and Qiu Jianyue lgt.” . 1 male ( IZAS), " Jianxi Prov., Yanshan Town, Wuyishan Reserve , Yejiachang , 2006. VIII.2, light trap, Shi Hongliang lgt." . 1 female ( IZAS), " Fujian Prov., Shanghang, Gonghe, 1987. VII.19, Lin Min lgt." . 1 male ( IZAS), " Fujian Prov., Tongmuzhai, 1 975. IX.29, Qi Shicheng lgt." . 1 specimen ( HBUM), “ Guangdong Prov., Nanling, 2010. VIII.10, Liu Haoyu lgt.” . 2 males ( IZAS), " Guangxi Prov., Longsheng county, Huaping res., Cunjiang , 2006. VIII.8, Lin Meiying lgt." . 1 female ( IZAS), " Guangxi Prov., Maoershan, Jiuniutang, 1100m, 1985. VII.10, light trap, Liao Subai lgt." . 1 specimen ( IZAS), " Guangxi Prov., Maoershan, Gaozhai village, 2007. VII.13, light trap, Yang Ganyan lgt." . 1 specimen ( IZAS), “ Guizhou Prov., Guiyang, southern campus of Guizhou university, 2010.V–VI, Liu Ye lgt, light trap ” . 1 specimen ( IZAS), “ Guizhou Prov., Fanjingshan, 1775m, 2009. VII.9, Lin Wenhsin lgt.” . 1 specimen ( IZAS), “ Guizhou Prov., Fanjingshan Huguosi, 2008. VII.16, Liu Ye lgt.” . 3 males, 2 female ( IZAS), “ Guizhou university, N26.25130, E106.40164, 2010.V–VI, Liu Ye lgt.” . 1 male ( CCCC), " Taiwan, Taipei, Wulan Town, Fushan Village , 2009. VI.1 N" . 1 male ( CCCC), " Taiwan, Hsinchu county, Jianshi Town, Ninglao village, 1997. VI.1, Chen Changchin lgt." . 1 male ( CCCC), " Taiwan, Taitung county, Peinan town, Chialin Road, 1996. VII.20, Chen Changchin lgt." . 1 specimen ( CCCC), “ Taiwan, Taoyuan county, Fuhsing town, 1994. V.28, Chen Changching lgt.” . 1 specimen ( CCCC), “ Taiwan, Hsinchu county, Wutse town, Talulintao, 1440m, 1994. VI.5, Chen Changching lgt.”.

Diagnosis. Body Length: 8.7–10.5mm; body form weakly convex. Head and pronotum dark brown to black, elytra dark green, with distinct metallic hue, dorsal side without distinct pattern. Tergum and sternum VII dark, without or with very faint brownish-yellowish pattern (Fig. 48). Pronotal hind angles blunt; lateral margins with one or two primary setae near middle, long accessory setae along margins before middle ( Fig. 51). Elytral third and fifth interval with about ten very small setigerous pores, pores on the fifth restricted in the basal half; the seventh interval sometimes with 1–4 small pores before middle; sometimes elytra with accessory setae.

P. unicolor sp. n. can be readily distinguished from all the other members of Physodera by dorsal side without pattern and body form only weakly convex. From dorsal color and setigerous pores on elytral intervals, P. unicolor sp. n. may be confused with P. cyanipennis . The new species can be easily distinguished from the latter by: body form only weakly convex; pronotum hind angles blunt; elytral intervals finely punctate; aedeagus less slender.

P. unicolor sp. n. is closest to P. andrewesi from the Philippines. Besides their different color, they are also different in: Pronotum hind angles blunt in P. unicolor ( Fig. 51) (versus sharp in P. andrewesi ( Fig. 50)); elytral interval finely punctate in P. unicolor (versus impunctate in P. andrewesi ); elytral third with more than eight small setigerous pores in P. unicolor (versus with four or five in P. andrewesi ); pronotal lateral margins with one or two primary setae near middle in P. unicolor ( Fig. 51) (versus without primary seta in P. andrewesi ( Fig. 50)).

Description. Body length 8.7–10.6 mm. Dorsal side without distinct pattern; head and pronotum dark brown to blackish, pronotum lateral expansions yellowish brown; mouth parts and antennae brown, terminal palpomeres yellow; elytra dark green with metallic reflections, epipleura brownish; legs brown with metallic hue; ventral side dark brown. Head. Tempora short, about half as long as eyes, gradually narrowed behind eyes; frons glabrous, vertex punctate and rugose; terminal maxillary palpomere fusiform in both sexes; terminal labial palpomere securiform in both sexes (Fig. 61). Pronotum widest near middle, ratio PW/PL 1.65–1.76; base very shortly lobed; lateral expansions wide. Front angles wide and round; lateral margins evenly curved near middle, strongly sinuate before hind angles; hind angles about rectangular, blunt, not projected. Lateral margins with one or two primary setae near middle; accessory setae long and dense, present along margins before middle, and near hind angles ( Fig. 51). Disc slightly convex; usually glabrous (sometimes sparsely to moderately pubescent); median line shallow, not reaching apex or base; heavy punctures present on lateral expansions, basal and anterior regions. Elytra gradually widened apically; lateral margins concaved near anterior third; apex truncated; basal border incomplete, reaching the third interval. Striae not furrowed, composed of puncture rows; punctures gradually decreased near apex. Intervals flat, finely punctate; the third interval with eight to twelve small setigerous pores; the fifth with four to thirteen setigerous pores, usually restricted before middle, sometimes arranged in double rows; the first and seventh interval sometimes also with some small setigerous pores; the seventh and eighth intervals tumid apically; marginal series composed of 18–20 setigerous pores. Ventral side. Prosternum sparely pubescent; mesosternum and metaepisternum smooth; metasternum and abdomen sparely pubescent; males with sternum VII emarginate apically, with two pairs of setae. Males with adhesive hairs well developed on the first three tarsomeres of pro- and mesotarsus.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 42 ). Median lobe of aedeagus gently slender, apex strongly bent to right side in ventral view, right margin weakly sinuate before apex; apical lamella larger than the previous species, its length about equal to the basal width, about triangular, rounded apically. Internal sac with main flagellum fine and curved, gradually narrowed and ended before apical orifice; secondary flagellum weakly sclerotized, length about 0.5 times as the main flagellum; trumpet-form expansion small, length about 0.3 times as the main flagellum; apical bursa present. Female genitalia. Apical segment of ovipositor ( Fig. 56) about 2.6 times long as its basal width, widest at base, gradually narrowed to the apical third, and then abruptly narrowed, apex sharp; outer margin about straight, inner margin curved; apical half with long setae; membranous extension fine and long, filiform, basal half slightly sclerotized.

Etymology. The specific epithet " unicolor " implies this new species has no pattern.

Distribution. Widely distributed in south China: Gansu, Hubei, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Taiwan. ( Fig. 66 )

Variation. Specimens from Taiwan examined by us usually have accessory setae on pronotal disc, elytral apex and odd intervals (versus glabrous in specimens from other localities). Since there is no other difference on external or genital characters, we merely consider it as a geographical variation.

Figures

FIGURE 42. Median lobe of male genitalia, right-lateral, ventral, left-lateral, and dorsal view of P. unicolor sp. n., a paratype from Anhui, scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 66. Known distribution of Physodera andrewesi group: ● P. andrewesi (Jedlička); Ɨ P. bacchusi Darlington; * P. unicolor sp. n., type localities for valid names in red.

FIGURES 19 – 24. Habitus of type materials, scale bars = 2 mm: Fig. 19, holotype of P. sciakyi sp. n.; Fig. 20, holotype of Lachnoderma andrewesi Jedlička; Fig. 21, holotype of P. bacchusi Darlington; Fig. 22, holotype of P. unicolor, sp. n.; Fig. 23, syntype of P. eschscholtzii Dejean; Fig. 24, lectotype of P. davidis Fairmaire.

FIGURES 1 – 12. Labels for type materials: Fig. 1, holotype of P. diglena Andrewes; Fig. 2, syntype of P. dejeani Eschscholtz; Fig. 3, syntype of P. noctiluca Mohnike; Fig. 4, holotype of P. chalceres Andrewes; Fig. 5, lectotype of P. eburata Heller; Fig. 6, lectotype of P. bifnestrata Heller; Fig. 7, holotype of P. sciakyi sp. n. Fig. 8, holotype of Lachnoderma andrewesi Jedlička; Fig. 9, holotype of P. bacchusi Darlington; Fig. 10, holotype of P. unicolor, sp. n.; Fig. 11, lectotype of P. eschscholtzii Dejean; Fig. 12, lectotype of P. davidis Fairmaire.