Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus (Richardson 1829)

Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Geomyidae, Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 859-870 : 870

Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus (Richardson 1829)

[Geomys] umbrinus Richardson 1829 , Quadrupeds, in: Fauna Boreali-Americana, Vol. 1: 202.

Type Locality: Originally given as Cadadaguios, SW Louisiana, but restricted to Mexico, Veracruz (probably Puebla), vicinity of Boca del Monte, by Bailey (1906).

Vernacular Names: Southern Pocket Gopher.

Subspecies: :

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. umbrinus (Richardson 1829)

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. arriagensis Dalquest 1951

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. atrodorsalis Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. atrovarius (J. A. Allen 1898)

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. camargensis Anderson 1972

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. chihuahuae Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. crassidens Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. durangi Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. emotus Goldman 1933

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. enixus Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. eximius Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. extimus Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. goldmani (Merriam 1901)

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. intermedius Mearns 1897

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. juntae Anderson 1972

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. madrensis Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. musculus Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. nelsoni (Merriam 1901)

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. newmani Dalquest 1951

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. parviceps Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. potosinus Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. pullus Hall and Villa 1948

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. sonoriensis Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. supernus Nelson and Goldman 1934

Subspecies Thomomys (Megascapheus) umbrinus subsp. zacatecae Nelson and Goldman 1934

Distribution: SC Arizona and SW New Mexico ( USA) south to Puebla and Veracruz ( Mexico).

Conservation: IUCN – Lowered Risk (nt) as T. u. emotus, otherwise Lower Risk (lc).

Discussion: Subgenus Megascapheus . Hybridization with bottae reported in Patagonia Mtns of S Arizona by Patton and Dingman (1968), Patton (1973), and Hoffmeister (1969, 1986). Considered a species separate from bottae by these authors and by Anderson (1966, 1972). Hall (1981:469) included baileyi, bottae , and townsendii in this species based on his view of the hybridization data in Hoffmeister (1969), Patton (1973), and Thaeler (1968 b); he reported intergradation between umbrinus and bottae in Nuevo Leon ( Mexico), which has not been verified by genetic analyses. Hafner et al. (1987) examined phylogenetic relationships among geographic units of umbrinus . Revised, in part, by Nelson and Goldman (1934 b), Anderson (1972; for Chihuahua), and Castro-Campillo and Ramírez-Pulido (2000; for C Mexico).