Ixodes redikorzevi Olenev, 1927

Fedorov, Denis & Hornok, Sándor, 2024, Checklist of hosts, illustrated geographical range, and ecology of tick species from the genus Ixodes (Acari, Ixodidae) in Russia and other post-Soviet countries, ZooKeys 1201, pp. 255-343 : 255-343

Ixodes redikorzevi Olenev, 1927

Ixodes redikorzevi Olenev, 1927: 219.

Recorded hosts.

Mammalia: Apodemus agrarius (striped field mouse), Apodemus mystacinus (Danford and Alston) (eastern broad-toothed field mouse), Apodemus uralensis (Ural field mouse), Arvicola amphibius (European water vole), Chionomys nivalis (European snow vole), Chionomys roberti (Thomas) (Robert’s snow vole), Cricetus cricetus (European hamster), Crocidura leucodon (bicolored shrew), Crocidura suaveolens (lesser white-toothed shrew), Dryomys nitedula (forest dormouse), Erinaceus europaeus (European hedgehog), Glis glis (European edible dormouse), Hemiechinus auratus (long-eared hedgehog), Lepus europaeus (European hare), Marmota bobak (bobak marmot), Martes martes (European pine marten), Meles meles (European badger), Meriones libycus (Libyan jird), Meriones meridianus (midday jird), Meriones persicus (Persian jird), Meriones tamariscinus (Pallas) (tamarisk jird), Meriones tristrami Thomas (Tristram’s jird), Mesocricetus auratus Waterhouse (golden hamster), Mesocricetus raddei (Ciscaucasian hamster), Microtus arvalis (common vole), Microtus majori (Major’s pine vole), Microtus socialis (social vole), Mus musculus (house mouse), Mustela eversmanii (steppe polecat), Mustela nivalis (least weasel), Nesokia indica (short-tailed bandicoot rat), Nothocricetulus migratorius (grey dwarf hamster), Rattus norvegicus (brown rat), Rattus pyctoris (Turkestan rat), Rattus rattus (black rat), Rhombomys opimus (great gerbil), Sciurus anomalus Gmelin (Caucasian squirrel), Sciurus vulgaris (red squirrel), Sicista betulina (northern birch mouse), Sicista subtilis (southern birch mouse) Spalax giganteus Nehring (giant blind mole-rat), Spalax microphthalmos Gueldenstaedt (greater blind mole-rat), Spermophilopsis leptodactylus (long-clawed ground squirrel), Spermophilus pygmaeus (little ground squirrel), Sorex araneus (common shrew), Vormela peregusna (marbled polecat) Vulpes vulpes (red fox) ( Filippova 1977).

Aves: Alauda arvensis Linnaeus (Eurasian skylark), Alectoris chukar (chukar partridge), Anthus campestris (tawny pipit), Anthus pratensis (Linnaeus) (meadow pipit), Coccothraustes coccothraustes (hawfinch), Columba livia (rock dove), Emberiza calandra (corn bunting), Emberiza schoeniclus (Linnaeus) (common reed bunting), Erithacus rubecula (Linnaeus) (European robin), Galerida cristata (crested lark), Garrulus glandarius (Linnaeus) (Eurasian jay), Lullula arborea (woodlark), Melanocorypha calandra (Linnaeus) (calandra lark), Mergus serrator Linnaeus (red-breasted merganser), Oenanthe hispanica (Linnaeus) (western black-eared wheatear), Oenanthe isabellina (Temminck) (Isabelline wheatear), Oenanthe lugens (Lichtenstein) (mourning wheatear), Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus) (northern wheatear), Oenanthe picata (Blyth) (variable wheatear), Phylloscopus collybita (Vieillot) (common chiffchaff), Phylloscopus fuscatus (dusky warbler), Pica pica (Eurasian magpie), Pterocles orientalis (Linnaeus) (black-bellied sandgrouse), Saxicola torquatus (Linnaeus) (African stonechat), Sturnus vulgaris (common starling), Turdus merula (common blackbird), Turdus philomelos (song thrush), Turdus ruficollis (red-throated thrush) ( Filippova 1977).

Reptilia: Darevskia chlorogaster (Boulenger) (greenbelly lizard) ( Orlova et al. 2022), Lacerta agilis Linnaeus (sand lizard) ( Filippova 1977), Lacerta strigata Eichwald (Caucasus emerald lizard) ( Orlova et al. 2023), Pseudopus apodus (Pallas) (Pallas’s glass lizard) ( Filippova 1977).

Recorded locations

(Fig. 15 ). Russia: Rostov Oblast ( Khametova et al. 2018), Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai, Kalmyk Republic, Chechnya, Dagestan, and North Osetia-Alania ( Shatas 1957; Shevchenko et al. 1960; Zaytsev and Popova 1967; Tiflova 1974; Filippova 1977; Abdulmagomedov et al. 2017; Zaytseva et al. 2022). Ukraine: Odesa Oblast (Bugeac Steppe), Kherson Oblast (Black Sea Biosphere Reserve), Poltava Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Luhansk Oblast, Donetsk Oblast, widely distributed in the Crimean Peninsula ( Emchuk 1960; Emchuk 1967; Sklyar 1970; Filippova 1977). Moldova: the north of the country ( Uspenskaya et al. 2006). Georgia: outskirts of Kutaisi and Tbilisi and the Lagodekhi Nature Reserve, as well as the seacoast of the Black Sea ( Kirschenblatt 1936; Djaparidze 1960; Filippova 1977). Armenia: outskirts of Yerevan and most of the rest of the territory ( Zilfyan et al. 1960; Tiflova 1974). Azerbaijan: Zagatala State Reserve, Hadrut District, and the Mil plain ( Tiflova 1974), outskirts of the Bilasuvar, the Sara Peninsula ( Kirschenblatt 1936), Talysh ( Pomerantsev 1950), Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic ( Kadatskaya and Shirova 1963; Filippova 1977). Kazakhstan: West Kazakhstan Region, Kyzylorda Region, North Kazakhstan Region, Jambyl Region, Turkistan Region, Abai Region ( Loseva 1963; Popova and Sokolova 1963). Kyrgyzstan: outskirts of Bishkek, Chüy Valley, Talas Valley, Issyk-Kul Basin, Terskey Ala-too Range ( Filippova 1958 b; Grebenyuk 1966; Filippova 1977). Turkmenistan: foothills of the Uly Balkan and the Kopet Dagh; the Kugitangtau Range ( Kochkareva et al. 1971; Filippova 1977). Uzbekistan: outskirts of Tashkent, foothills of the Chatkal Range, Qurama Mountains, the Hisar Range, the Kugitangtau Range and Karakalpakstan – the Ustyurt Plateau and the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River ( Kuklina 1967; Uzakov 1972; Filippova 1977). Tajikistan: Hisar Range - Varzob gorge, outskirts of Dushanbe – the Ramit State Nature Reserve, Vakhsh Range, Peter the First Range ( Lotozky 1951; Sosnina 1957; Filippova et al. 1966; Kochkareva et al. 1971; Filippova 1977).

Ecology and other information.

Ixodes redikorzevi is a tick species which is mainly a parasite of rodents, shrews, and small carnivores, as well as of dendrophilic ground-feeding birds and rarely reptiles ( Filippova 1977). According to Tiflova (1974), this species is considered exophilic and can be found in significant numbers on dendrophilic birds. In the absence of mammalian and avian hosts, I. redikorzevi can parasitize lizards in significant numbers ( Orlova et al. 2022). It usually inhabits mountain deciduous forests and steppes located nearby.

Beyond the post-Soviet territories considered above, the range of this tick covers also Eastern Europe, Turkey, Israel, as well as Afghanistan ( Filippova 1977) and China ( Yin et al. 2010).

At the current moment it is still questionable whether I. redikorzevi is a synonym of I. acuminatus or not. Kolonin (2009) considers this species a synonym of I. acuminatus , but Guglielmone et al. (2010) regard it as provisionally valid. As it was fairly noted by Guglielmone et al. (2014) this question can be solved by comparison of the type specimens of both species. Moreover, Pomerantsev (1950) described by females two subspecies: I. redikorzevi redikorzevi and I. redikorzevi emberizae . Later the other subspecies I. redikorzevi theodori was described although Filippova comments (1977) that the authors had quite little material during descriptions but the differences in size and shape of some characters are visible and it is necessary to compare more specimens from more locations of its large area of distribution.

Ixodes redikorzevi redikorzevi occurs in Ukraine, the Transcaucasus and Tajikistan according to Pomerantsev (1950); and I. redikorzevi emberizae can be found in Lankaran and the Hisar Range in Tajikistan. Later the other subspecies, I. redikorzevi theodori was described from the Middle East ( Warburton 1927).

The type specimens of I. redikorzevi are deposited at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and include the holotype: female; [former] Tavricheskaya Province (Crimea), Yaman-Kala, near Baidar, 25. 10. 1924, coll. V. Shnitnikov, AL I 338 and the paralectotype of I. redikorzevi emberizae female; AL I 522. Description – Pomerantsev 1950: 63 (female; male unknown); Filippova 1977: nymph, larva ( Filippova 2008).

Figures

Figure 15. Map of Russia and neighboring countries showing the locations where Ixodes redikorzevi was reported.