Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943

Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador, Iniesta, Luiz Felipe M. & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2021, Cladistic analysis and taxonomic review of the millipede tribe Arthrosolaenomeridini Hoffman, 1976 (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae), Zootaxa 4970 (2), pp. 201-256 : 212

Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943

Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943: 143 .

Type species: A. chapadensis Schubart, 1943 , by original designation; Schubart, 1958: 205; Schubart, 1960: 453; Jeekel, 1971: 249; Hoffman, 1976: 177; Hoffman, 1980: 151.

Diagnosis. Males of Arthrosolaenomeris differ from those of other Arthrosolaenomeridini genera by the combination of the following characters: rectangular ventral projections in the post-gonopodal sternites ( Fig. 30E ) (acuminated in A. curupira n. sp. and A. caipora n. sp.); posterior edge of the gonopod aperture with a small dentiform process; presence of a secondary process in medial portion in the prefemoral process of the gonopod ( Fig. 4D–F ) (absent in A. iara n. sp.); presence of a rounded extension of the gonocoxae, in oral view ( Fig. 32D ); and apex of the solenomere abruptly descending ( Fig. 4D ).

Description. General characters: Body length between 47.78 mm ( A. caipora n. sp.) and 69.42 mm ( A. iara n. sp.). Coloration (specimens long preserved in 70% ethanol) variable between species, ranging from ocher to reddish brown, paranota tip and posterior border of the metaterga slightly whitish (some specimens of A. pantanalensis show a purple coloration for the whole body). Gnathochilarium: lingual plate covered by several setae; mentum centrally covered by setae, with smooth edges and stipes covered by thick setae (sparsely covered in A. curupira n. sp. and A. caipora n. sp.). Body rings: cuticle slightly rough; alignment of paranota in posterior view curved ventrally (straight in A. caipora n. sp.). Sternite of the fourth segment with a pair of projections, sternite of the fifth segment with two pairs of projections covered with setae. Sternite of sixth body ring with two pairs of ventral projections; seventh body ring with a pair of ventral projections (absent in A. chapadensis ) and post-gonopodal sternites with two pairs of rectangular ventral projections (acuminate in A. curupira n. sp. and A. caipora n. sp.). Paranota form: round to slightly rectangular ( Figs 4B , 8B ). Legs: podomeres with several thick ventral setae ( Fig. 31A ) and granules in the tibia and tarsus ( Fig. 31F ) (except in A. curupira n. sp. and A. caipora n. sp.), dorsal lobe of prefemur conspicuous of the anterior legs ( Fig. 31A ) and a ventroapical projection in the prefemur of the post-gonopod legs ( Fig. 31E ).

Male characters: Leg pair of the third body ring with the coxae presenting the rectangular genital papilla. Gonopod aperture on seventh body ring with the posterior margin excavated and with a small process. Gonopods: gonocoxae equivalent to about half the length of the telopodite, cylindrical, without a spiniform process. Prefemoral process ( Figs 4D–F ): elongate with a dorso-basal process and a secondary process in its medial portion (long in A. chapadensis , A. pantanalensis , A. saci n. sp., A. iara n. sp. and short in A. curupira n. sp., A. caipora n. sp.). Cingulum in an apical position ( Fig. 4F ) (middle position in A. caipora n. sp.). Solenomere long and thin with its apex abruptly descending ( Fig. 4D–F ).

Female characters: Vulvae: oval-shaped, having equal proportions in lateral view, with an operculum advanced ( Figs 10A–B ).

Distribution. States of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo ( Fig. 11 ).

Composition. Arthrosolaenomeris chapadensis Schubart, 1943 ; A. pantanalensis Schubart, 1943 ; A. saci n. sp.; A. curupira n. sp.; A. caipora n. sp.; A. iara n. sp.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Arthrosolaenomeris chapadensis Schubart, 1943 (holotype, MZSP 1092), dorsal views of anterior (A), midbody (B) and posterior (C) body rings. Scale bars: 2 mm. Left gonopod. (D), mesal view; (E), ventral view; (F), ectal view. Scale bars: 1 mm. Abbreviations: C, cingulum; PfP, prefemoral process; S, solenomere; SPr, secondary process of the prefemoral process.

FIGURE 8. Arthrosolaenomeris caipora n. sp. (holotype, IBSP 1569), dorsal views of anterior (A), midbody (B) and posterior (C) body rings. Scale bars: 2 mm. Left gonopod. (D), mesal view; (E), ventral view; (F), ectal view. Scale bars: 0,5mm. Abbreviations: C, cingulum; PfP, prefemoral process; S, solenomere; SPr, secondary process of the prefemoral process.

FIGURE 10. Left vulva. Arthrosolaenomeris chapadensis Schubart, 1943 (IBSP 1049): (A), ventral view; (B), lateral view. Arthrosolaenomeris pantanalensis Schubart, 1943 (CZUFMT 847): (C), ventral view; (D), lateral view. Arthrosolaenomeris saci n. sp. (paratype, IBSP 2577): (E), ventral view; (F), lateral view.Arthrosolaenomeris iara n. sp. (paratype, IBSP 7537). (G), ventral view; (H), lateral view. Scale bars: 0,5 mm. Abbreviations: EV, external valve; IV, internal valve; Op, operculum.

FIGURE 11. Distribution map of Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943 species.

FIGURE 30. Sternites, ventral projections. A) Arthrosolaenomeris pantanalensis Schubart, 1943 (IBSP 530), 6th body ring; B) Dioplosternus salvatrix Hoffman, 2005 (IBSP 1084), 6th body ring; C) Arthrosolaenomeris saci n. sp. (IBSP 1148), 7th body ring; D) Folcloredesmus thomasi n. sp. (CZUFMT 833), 9th body ring; E) A. saci n. sp., 9th body ring; F) Abiliodesmus planaltensis (Schubart, 1960) comb. nov. (IBSP 3570), 9th body ring. Scale bars: A–C, 1 mm.; D, 0,5 mm.; E, 0,3 mm.; F, 0,3 mm.

FIGURE 31. Legs. A) Arthrosolaenomeris pantanalensis Schubart, 1943 (IBSP 530); B) Gangugia boto n. sp. (holotype, IBSP 7539); C–D) Abiliodesmus planaltensis (Schubart, 1960) comb. nov. (IBSP 3570); E–F) Gangugia tapirapensis Schubart, 1947 (MNRJ 12008). Scale bars: A) 2 mm.; B) 1 mm.; C) 1 mm.; D) 1 mm.; E) 500 µm.; F)1 mm. Abbreviations: co, coxae; f, femur; prf, prefemur; pst, postfemur; t, tarsus; tb, tibia; tc; tarsal claw.

FIGURE 32. Gonocoxae.A) Arthrosolaenomeris pantanalensis Schubart, 1943 (IBSP 530); B) Gangugia tapirapensis Schubart, 1947 (MNRJ 12008); C) Folcloredesmus thomasi n. sp. (CZUFMT 833); D) A. pantanalensis Schubart, 1943 (IBSP 530); E) F. thomasi n. sp. (CZUFMT 833); F) Abiliodesmus mapinguari n. sp. (CZUFMT 836). Scale bars: A–B, D–F) 1 mm.; C) 0,2 mm. Abbreviations: Cx, gonocoxae; RE, rounded extension; SP, spiniform process.