Laeocathaica carinalis Chen & Zhang, 2004

Wu, Min, Shen, Wang & Chen, Zhong-Guang, 2023, Land snail diversity in central China: revision of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of seven new species, ZooKeys 1154, pp. 49-147 : 49

Laeocathaica carinalis Chen & Zhang, 2004

Figs 2A , 5D , 8 , 41F , 47I, J

Laeocathaica carinalis Chen & Zhang, 2004: 341, in Chinese, with erroneous text figure (fig. 334); - Páll-Gergely et al. 2022: 46, figs 9, 10.

New specimens.

HBUMM08300, 3 fma, all dissected,?Wenxian, Gansu Province, 2019-IV, coll. Li, Qi-Shi [李奇石]; DNA voucher HBUMM08300a. HBUMM8453, many fms, Shifangzhen [石坊镇], Wenxian, Gansu Province, near point (33.00509°N, 104.579061°E), 2021-IX-27, coll. Chen, Z.-G. HBUMM8455, Town of Wenxian, Gansu Province, near point (32.944361°N, 104.679819°E), 2020-VIII, coll. Chen, Z.-G.

Additional information of shell.

In juveniles, regularly arranged fine threads and elongate granules are present on the protoconch, where in adults such sculpture is difficult to be observed because of erosion. Spiral grooves are present after the fourth whorl or only on apical body whorl, but are absent in umbilical side. The teleoconch has distinct and regularly arranged ribs, among which there is no fine threads.

Distribution.

Gansu: Wenxian (type locality).

General anatomy.

Eversible head wart not prominent, perhaps due to specimen of not full maturity. Jaw arcuate, with five projecting ribs.

Anatomy of genital organs.

Penial sheath moderately long, covering ~ 1/4 of penis. Penis slightly expanded distally. Accompanied with two or three lower pilasters, at proximal 1/2 of penis two thin penial pilasters fusing into one Y-shaped fork. Fine pilasters of distal 1/2 penis weaving into delicate net. Near epiphallic opening numerous fine pilasters merging into ~ 4 short but thick folds. Vas deferens narrow throughout. Vagina between atrium and dart sac not elongated. Vagina between dart sac and insertion of bursa copulatrix duct ~ 1/2 length of dart sac. Dart sac ~ 2/3 length of penis. Information of love dart unknown. Accessory sac small. Mucous glands ~ 4, each complicatedly branched. Proximal accessory sacs two, symmetrical on dart sac, dorsally separated and ventrally touching, internally smooth (without pilasters), each with an opening leading to dart chamber near dart chamber opening. Bursa copulatrix duct of even diameter.

Figures

Figure 2. A distribution map of all known species of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 except L. anceyi (Moellendorff in Ancey, 1889), L. hisanoi Pall-Gergely, 2022, and L. leucorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899 whose precise localities are not known; white dots: the localities where no Laeocathaica species was ever found B distribution of the new species described in this paper, yellow dots: L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov., green dot: L. zhengpingliui Wu, sp. nov., brown dots: L. parapolytyla Wu, sp. nov., white dot: L. qiminglii Wu, sp. nov., pink dot: L. cheni Wu, sp. nov., blue dots: L. qishilii Wu, sp. nov., orange dots: L. nordsiecki Wu, sp. nov. C distribution of L. carinifera (H. Adams, 1870) (green dots), L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov. (yellow dots), and L. stenochone Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots) D distribution of L. amdoana Moellendorff, 1899 (green dots), L. distinguenda Moellendorff, 1899 (pink dots), and L. tropidorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots) C equivalent to the larger box in (A), B, D equivalent to the smaller box in (A).

Figure 5. A, B Laeocathaica amdoana Moellendorff, 1899 A SMF 8952, lectotype B HBUMM 05640 - spec. 1 C L. dolani (Pilsbry, 1934), HBUMM 00069 - spec. 1 D L. carinalis Chen & Zhang, 2004, HBUMM 08400 - spec. 1.

Figure 8. Genital anatomy of Laeocathaica carinalis Chen & Zhang, 2004, HBUMM 08300 - spec. 1 A general view B cross-section of dart sac at the position arrowed in (A) C apical view of dart sac apparatus. Abbreviations: AS - accessory sac; At - atrium; BCD - bursa copulatrix duct; DS - dart sac; DtC - a chamber containing love dart; Ep - epiphallus; FO - free oviduct; MG - mucous glands; P - penis; PAS - proximal accessory sac; PO - opening of proximal accessory sac leading to dart chamber; PR - penial retractor muscle; PS - penial sheath; Va - vagina; VD - vas deferens. Asterisk * indicates the opening of proximal accessory sac.

Figure 41. Internal view of penis A, B Laeocathaica amdoana Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05640 - spec. 1 A general view B proximal penis C L. filippina (Heude, 1882), HBUMM 04166 - spec. 1, general view D, E L. distinguenda Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05436 - spec. 1 D general view E proximal penis F L. carinalis Chen & Zhang, 2004, HBUMM 08300 - spec. 1, general view G, H L. dityla Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 00698 - spec. 1 G general view H proximal penis. Arrows indicate the position where two penial internal pilasters fuse into one distal pilaster.

Figure 47. SEM micrographs A, B Laeocathaica odophora Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 08430 A protoconch B teleoconch C, D L. dolani (Pilsbry, 1934), HBUMM 08439 C protoconch D teleoconch E, F L. nordsiecki Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 08446, paratype, subadult E protoconch F teleoconch G, H L. pewzowi Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 08452 G protoconch H teleoconch I, J L. carinalis Chen & Zhang, 2004, HBUMM 08453 I protoconch J teleoconch K, L L. zhengpingliui Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 05553 - spec. 2, paratype, juvenile K protoconch L teleoconch.