Aphilodon silvestrii, Calvanese & Brescovit & Bonato, 2019

Calvanese, Victor C., Brescovit, Antonio D. & Bonato, Lucio, 2019, Revision of the Neotropical species of Aphilodontinae (Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae), with eight new species and a first phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily, Zootaxa 4698 (1), pp. 1-72 : 35-37

Aphilodon silvestrii new species

( Figs 3A , 4C , 5C , 6 B–J, L, 10D–F, 11E–F, 12C–D, 27–28, 41J, 42E)

Type specimens. Holotype: ♀, from Parque Ecológico da Mata da Câmara , São Roque, São Paulo, Brazil, 06/2014, V. Calvanese & M. Pereira col., deposited in IBSP 3665 . Paratypes: 3♂, same data as holotype, deposited in IBSP 3066 ; 7♀, same locality of holotype, 07/2015, V. Calvanese, deposited in IBSP 4080 .

Type locality. Brazil: São Paulo: São Roque: Parque Ecológico da Mata da Câmara : 23°31’41”S, 47°6’51”W .

Material examined. BRAZIL. São Paulo: São Roque, Parque Ecológico da Mata da Câmara (23°31’41”S, 47°6’51”W), 06/2014 , V. Calvanese col., 1♀ [holotype] ( IBSP 3065 ) , 3♂ [paratypes] ( IBSP 3066 ) ; 07/2015, V. Calvanese col., 7♀ [paratypes] ( IBSP 4080 ) .

Etymology. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case, in honor of Filippo Silvestri, great myriapodologist who described Aphilodontinae and other species of Geophilomorpha .

Diagnosis. A species of Aphilodon with: around 69–71 leg-bearing segments; known body length in adults 22–61 mm; cephalic plate length/width ratio ca. 1.3; antenna ca. 1.3-1.9 times as long as cephalic plate; pectinate lamella of mandible with straight denticles; coxosternite of second maxillae not distinctly shorter in middle part; telopodite of second maxillae with article 3 shorter than article 2, with two setae in apical or subapical position and a sensillum in subapical position; forcipular pretergite exposed; forcipule with lateral margin posteriorly straight; tarsungulum ca. 0.9 times as long as trochanteroprefemur+femur; forcipule with 3+1 denticles; distal denticle of trochanteroprefemur relatively small, with basal margin coalescent with basal margin of denticle of femur; all pleurites conspicuous; each coxopleuron with 23–34 coxal pores in adults, all sparse; ultimate presternite apparently divided in middle part; metasternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment length/width ratio ca. 0.8–0.9; ultimate legs ca. 1.7 times as long as penultimate legs, with tarsus 1 ca. 1.5 times as long as the tibia.

A. silvestrii n.sp. differs from all other species of Aphilodon by having relatively short antenna ( Fig. 28 B–C) and a relatively small distal denticle of trochanteroprefemur, with a basal margin coalescent with basal margin of denticle of femur ( Fig. 27B , 28C ).

Recorded specimens: 11, including 8♀ and 3♂, from a single locality.

Distribution. Brazil—São Paulo: São Roque.

Description of holotype. Female (IBSP 3665).

Entire body: length 53 and maximum width 0.8. Cephalic plate: trapezoidal, with anterior margin wider than posterior margin, length 0.60 and maximum width 0.45 (length/width ratio 1.33), with little scattered SE. Antenna: length 1.09, 1.8 times as long as cephalic plate; AA II–XIII length/width ratio 0.4–0.6; LAA slightly less than twice as long as AA XIII.

Clypeus: 5+5 LS, 1+1 PS, 12+12 SCS. Mandible: PL with 25 denticles. First maxillae: TFM length 0.07 and width 0.06; DA with 2 SE each, near the internal side and 3 or 4 SL displaced in a row near apex of structure; MPC with 2+2 SL and 1+1 apical SE. Second maxillae: 8 SE in a row along posterior margin of CSM, between TSM; left TSM length 0.10 (1.47 times as long as TFM) and maximum width (basal margin) 0.05, with two large apical SE; right TSM with two smaller subapical SE.

Forcipular segment: FTE length 0.16 (0.26 times as long as cephalic plate), maximum width 0.49, and scattered SE; FPT length 0.09 and width 0.32; FCX length 0.58 and width 0.70 (length/width ratio 0.82); left FRL length 0.49, reaching anterior margin of cephalic plate; TFF with 2 denticles; FD1 pointed and without apical SE, with basal margin coalescent with the basal margin of FD2; FD2 apically more rounded than FD1, with a large subapical SE and a little apical SE; FD3 smaller than FD2, with one apical and one subapical SE; TA 0.95 times as long as TFF, with DTA relatively small.

Walking legs: 69 pairs; FL 0.64 times as long as second leg, with procoxae not extended to midline of the body; leg 35 length 0.75. Tergum from the first to penultimate leg-bearing segment: TE rectangular, TE 35 length 0.32 and width 0.80; PT little narrower, with width 0.72 and length 0.20; 7 small SE in a row in PT and 6+6 (distal and basal) SE along margins of TE. Sternum from the first to penultimate leg-bearing segment: STF wider than long, sub-elliptic; other ST sub-quadrate, mostly longer than wide; ST 25 length 0.28 and width 0.25; PST vestigial in most anterior segments of body, but exposed from segment 7.

Ultimate leg-bearing segment: MTL trapezoidal, wider than long, length 0.28 and width 0.35 (length/width ratio 0.8); UPS apparently divided in middle part (Figs 73A–B). Ultimate legs: length 1.47 (1.7 times as long as penultimate leg); each CXP with 28+32 COP, uniform in size; tarsus 1 ca. 1.5 times as long as tibia. Postpedal segments: GF with 4+4 SE arranged in a distal row.

Known variation. Male: ultimate legs more thickened and with little more SE; GM1 with 8 SE in two rows, and GM2 with 11–15 scattered SE. Juveniles: COP 5–8 (N= 2♀, 2♂) (IBSP 4082).

Figures

FIGURE 3. A–D, Aphilodontinae habitus, dorsal: A, Aphilodon silvestrii n. sp. (IBSP 3665); B, Mecophilus neotropicus Silvestri, 1909 (MNHG); C, Mairata itatiaiensis n. sp. (IBSP 6178); D, Philacroterium brevipes (Verhoeff, 1938) n. comb. (KZN 5033). Scale bars: 1 mm (A–D).

FIGURE 4. A–H, Aphilodontinae antenna. Aphilodon pereirai n. sp. (IBSP 3784): A, left antenna, ventral. Mairata butantan n. sp. (IBSP 3663): B, left antenna, ventral. Aphilodon silvestrii n. sp. (IBSP 3665): C, last antennal article of the left antenna,,ventral. Aphilodon indespectus n. sp. (IBSP 3653): D, terminal part of the left antenna, lateral; E, terminal part of the last antennal article of the left antenna, lateral; F, claviform sensilla, ventral; G, specialized setae of type “a”, ventral; H, specialized setae of type “b”, ventral. Abbreviations: CSS: claviform sensilla; SSA: specialized setae of type “a”. SSB: specialized setae of type “b”. Scale bars: 0.5 (A–B), 0.1 (C–D), 0.025 (E), 0.005 (F–H) mm.

FIGURE 5. A–D, Aphilodontinae clypeus and labrum. Aphilodon indespectus n. sp. (IBSP 3653): A, clypeus, ventral. Aphilodon meganae n. sp. (IBSP 4070): B, middle part of clypeus, ventral. Aphilodon silvestrii n. sp. (IBSP 3665): C, labrum, ventral. Philacroterium weberi (Silvestri, 1909) n. comb. (KZN 8142): D, labrum, ventral. Abbreviations: LP: lateral pieces of labrum; LS: lateral setae of clypeus; PS: post-antennal setae of clypeus; SCS: sub-clypeal setae. Scale bars: 0.1 (A, C–D), 0.02 (B) mm.

FIGURE 6. A–L, Aphilodontinae mandible, first and second maxillae. Aphilodon caboclos n. sp. (IBSP 4073): A, left mandible, dorsal; K, apex of article 3 of the left telopodite of second maxillae. Aphilodon silvestrii n. sp. (IBSP 3665): B, pectinate lamella of left mandible, dorsal; C, pectinate lamella of right mandible, ventral; D, denticles of pectinate lamella, dorsal; E, first maxillae, ventral; F, apex of telopodite and medial projection of the first maxillary coxosternite, ventral; G, sensilla on distal article of telopodite of first maxillae, ventral; H, setae on distal article of telopodite of first maxillae, ventral; I, left telopodite of second maxillae, ventral; J, sensilla on the second maxillae coxosternite, ventral; L, sensilla on article 2 of telopodite of second maxillae, ventral. Abbreviations: BA: basal article of the first maxillary telopodite; CFM: coxosternite of first maxillae; DA: distal article of first maxillary telopodite; MPC: medial projection of the first maxillary coxosternite; PL: pectinate lamella; SE: setae; SF: scute filaments; SL: sensilla. Scale bars: 0.05 (A–C, I–J), 0.005 (D, G–H, K–L) mm.

FIGURE 27. A–C, Aphilodon silvestrii n. sp. Female paratype (IBSP 3665): A, article 3 of the left telopodite of second maxillae, ventral; B, left forcipule, ventral; C, metasternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment, ventral. Abbreviations: FD1: distal denticle of trochanteroprefemur; MTL: metasternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment; PST: presternite. Scale bars: 0.05 (A), 0.1 (B–C) mm.

FIGURE 28. A–E, Aphilodon silvestrii n. sp. Female paratype (IBSP 3665): A, habitus, ventral; B, anterior part of body, dorsal; C, same, ventral; D, terminal part of body, dorsal; E, same, ventral. Scale bars: 2 (A), 0.5 (B–E) mm.