Clytrovorus merina Barbosa & Azevedo

Barbosa, Diego N. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2012, Revision of Mesitiinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Madagascar, with description of eleven new species, Zootaxa 3417, pp. 1-44 : 12-15

Clytrovorus merina Barbosa & Azevedo , sp. nov.

( Figs 17 , 19–21 , 59 , 73, 74 )

Material examined. Holotype 3. MADAGASCAR, Toliara Prov [ince], Manderano, elev[ation] 70 m, 23°31'39''S, 44°5'18''E, 23 June–27 June 2002, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector]s: Frontier Wilderness Project, Malaise trap, edge of marsh 5 m from road gallery forest, [collection code:] MGF 036, CASENT 2083422 ( CASC). Paratypes. MADAGASCAR, Majunga Prov [ince], 2 3, Maintirano District, Asondrodava dry forest 15 km N of Maintirano, 10–17 December 2007, 17 ° 57.92' S, 44° 2.13’ E, Calif[ornia] Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ectors]: M.Irwin, R.Harin'Hala, Malaise dry forest at dune, elev[ation] 200 ft., [collection code:] MG-43B-11, CASENT 2114091 and 2115969 ( CASC); Mahajanga Prov [ince], 2 3, Parc National Tsingy de Bemahara 3.4 km 93°E Bekopaka, Tombeau Vazimba, elev[ation] 50 m, 6–10 Nov [ember] 2001, 19°8'31''S, 44°49'41''E, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector] Fisher, Griswold et al., Malaise trap, in tropical dry forest, coll[ection] code: BLF4233, CASENT 2116038 and 2116844 ( CASC); Province Fianarantsoa, 2 3, Parc National Ranomafana, Belle Vue at Talatakely, elev[ation] 1020 m, 26–31 March 2002, 21 °15.99'S, 47°25.21'E, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, collector: R. Harin´Hala, Malaise [trap], secondary tropical forest, [collection code:] MA-02-09C-22, CASENT 2104081 and 2113553 ( CASC); 2 3, Parc National Ranomafana, radio tower at forest edge, elev[ation] 1130 m, 16 Oct [ober]– 8 Nov [ember] 2001, 21°15'05''S, 47°24'43''E, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, collector: R. Harin´Hala, Malaise [trap], mixed tropical forest, [collection code:] MA-02-09B-01, CASENT 2085885 and 2085950 ( CASC); Toliara Prov [ince], 1 3, Forêt de Tsinjoriaky 6.2 km 84°E Tsifota, elev[ation] 70 m, 6–10 March 2002, 22 °48'8''S, 43°25'14''E, coll[ector]: Fisher, Griswold et al., California Acad[emy] of Sciences, Malaise trap—spiny forest thicket, [collection] code: BLF5963, CASENT 2063316 ( CASC); 2 3, Ranobe, elev[ation] 30 m, 5–9 February 2003, 23 °02'03''S, 43°36'43''E, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector]s: Frontier Wilderness Project, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood) in spiny forest thicket [collection] code: MGF 056, CASENT 2104105 and 2104203 ( CASC); 1 3, Lake Ranobe, elev[ation] 30 m, 17–21 February 2003, 23 °02'23''S, 43°36'39''E, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector]s: Frontier Wilderness Project, sifted litter (leaf mold rotten wood) in spiny forest thicket [collection] code: MGF 061, CASENT 2103703 ( CASC); 1 3, Manderano, elev[ation] 70 m, 23°31'39.4''S, 44°5'17.6''E, 15–29 May 2002, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector]s: Frontier Wilderness Project, Malaise trap, gallery forest at edge of Marsh near road, coll[ection] code: MGF 032, CASENT 2083360 ( CASC); 1 3, Manderano, elev[ation] 70 m, 23°31'39''S, 44°5'18''E, 23 June–28 july 2002, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector]s: Frontier Wilderness Project, Malaise trap, edge of mash 5 m from road galley forest, [collection code:] MGF 035, CASENT 2078910 ( CASC); Tulear Province, 1 3, Ifaty near Hotel Paradisia—in coastal dunes, 23°10.78'S, 43°37.01'E, 26 May–5 June 2002, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, collector: R. Harin´Hala, Malaise trap—vegetation in sandy area, elev[ation] 9m, [collection code:] MA- 02-16-28, CASENT 2083090 ( CASC); 1 3, Ifaty near Hotel Paradisia—in coastal dunes, 23°10.78'S, 43°37.01'E, 13 Oct [ober]– 12 Nov [ember] 2001, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ectors]: M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, R. Harin´Hala, elev[ation] 9 m, Malaise trap—vegetation in sandy area, [collection code:] MA- 02-16-01, CASENT 2083015 ( CASC); Tulear, 1 3, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, Mitoho Forest,4–12 December 2008, 24 ° 2.91' S, 43° 45.14’ E, Calif[ornia] Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ectors]: M.Irwin, R.Harin'Hala, Malaise transitional forest, elev[ation] 120 m [collection code:] MG-53C-07, CASENT 2083543 ( CASC); 2 3, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, Mitoho Forest, 9–15 January 2009, 24 ° 2.91' S, 43° 45.14’ E, Calif[ornia] Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ectors]: M.Irwin, R.Harin'Hala, Malaise transitional forest, elev[ation] 120 m, [collection code:] MG-53C-12, CASENT 2104492 and 2114012 ( CASC); 1 3, Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, Mitoho Forest, 26 Feb [ruary]–2 March 2009, 24 ° 2.91' S, 43° 45.14’ E, Calif[ornia] Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ectors]: M.Irwin, R.Harin'Hala, Malaise transitional forest, elev[ation] 120 m, [collection code:] MG-53C-19, CASENT 2114052 ( CASC); 3 3, Androimpano Forest 3 km E of Itampolo, 6–13 November 2008, 24 ° 39.47' S, 43° 57.37’ E California Acad[emy] of Sciences coll[ectors]: M.Irwin, R.Harin'Hala Malaise [trap], path in dry forest, elev[ation] 45 m, [collection code:] MG-54B-03, CASENT 2104070, 2115837 and 2115964.

Description. Holotype ( Fig. 17 ). MALE. Body 2.93 mm. LFW 2.21 mm.

Colour. Wings clear hyaline; scape, pedicel, flagellum, palpi, tegula, wing venation, trochanters, profemur, mesofemur, metafemur, protibia, mesotibia, metatibia and tarsi light castaneous; mandible light castaneous with base darker; procoxa, mesocoxa and metacoxa castaneous; metasoma dark castaneous; mesosoma dark castaneous nearly black, with pronotum dark castaneous; head dark castaneous nearly black.

Head ( Fig. 19 ). Head as long as wide, narrow [in lateral view]. Malar space shorter than VOL, parallel. Mandible with three sharpened apical teeth, equally wide in your extension; lower margin straight; lower tooth longer than immediately upper teeth, lower tooth wider than others. Clypeus with median lobe delimitated, rounded; lateral lobe absent; median clypeal carina arched, complete, straight shape [in dorsal view], above torulus. Intertorular distance less than torulus diameter. Antenna with conspicuous pubescence, erect, sparse, medium; scape slightly curved, with same diameter across extension; pedicel longer than wide, rectangular; first flagellomere as long as pedicel, as long as others; flagellomeres long, cylindrical shape; first five antennal segments in ratio of about 23:15:15:15:15. Frons weakly foveolate, with frontal carina. Eye small, round, hairy, its contour protuberant. Ocellar triangle compact, with frontal angle acute; composed by ocelli large; with ocellar fovea present, narrow. Temple profile divergent anterad, vertex convex, its corner rounded. Palpi caliciform, cylindrical. Hypostomal carina forming obtuse angle. Dorsal half of occipital carina present, high, with side foveolate; ventral half of occipital carina present, complete, high, with side polished. LH 1 × WH. WF 1.48 × HE. WF 0.6 × WH. OOL 0.68 × WOT. VOL 0.84 × HE. Distance of posterior ocellus to vertex crest 1.5 × DAO.

Mesosoma ( Figs 20, 21 ). Pronotal disc 0.71 × as long as wide; sparsely foveolate; plate groove present, but incomplete; anterior slope straight; anterior margin convex, with transverse carina, with anterior corner angled; trapezoidal shaped, with side straight; longitudinal pronotal furrow present, complete, shallow; posterior margin straight. Propleuron with epicoxal sulcus, shallow, foveolate. Pleurosternum with epicoxal sulcus, foveolate. Mesoscutum coriaceous, long; longitudinal mesoscutal furrow absent; notaulus complete, convergent posteriorly, deep, narrow, polished; parapsidal furrow incomplete, weakly impressed, parallel. Scutellar groove narrow, fused with axilla, arched, not dilated at ends; scutoscutellar sulcus inconspicuous; scutellum medium, coriaceous, plane, not touching propodeal disc; axilla polished, shallow. Metanotum overlapping lateral region of scutellum. Propodeal disc longer than half width, with central fovea fused with propodeal triangle fovea; median carina complete; with longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carinae; spiracle elliptical; inner discal carina complete; sublateral carina absent; lateral carina present; lateral margin sculpture followed by short striae; posterior carina complete; posterior spine of propodeum present, very short, thick, parallel. Declivity of propodeum coriaceous, with median carina, without lateral carina. Lateral surface of propodeum weakly strigate, without superior carina, with posterior carina. Mesopleuron coriaceous, with subtegular fovea continuous with episternal furrow; mesopleural sulcus present, complete, polished; episternal furrow with inner margin foveolate.

Wings. Macropterous. Tegula separated of mesoscutum. Fore wing with sparse pilosity; costal vein absent; median cell as long as submedian cell; basal vein angulate; transverse median vein biangulate; nebulous cubital vein absent; nebulous anal cubital vein absent; stigma subdeveloped, with distal margin truncate; radial vein slightly curved forward, giving raise at distal margin of stigma. Hind wing with costal vein short; with anal vein short; with one proximal hamulus; with three distal hamuli, evenly separated one from another.

Legs. Metacoxa with dorsal expansion, with ventral expansion. Protibia short [1.5× first tarsomere length], with protibial spur long [longer than half length of first tarsomere]. Tarsi with tarsomeres 1–4 progressively shorter distad, cylindrical; tarsal claw with two sharpened teeth, curved posterad; arolium simple, apex straight, and large.

Metasoma. 1.43 × longer than wide; tergum 1 with ventral region polished, with lap of lateral margin, without lateral pilosity; tergum 2 with dorsal region polished, without lateral pilosity, with ventral region polished; terga 3–6 with dorsal region polished, with ventral region polished; with posterior margin of tergites straight, with sparse setae at posterior margin of terga 2–6. Hypopygium ( Fig. 59 ) longer than wide; with hypopygial median stalk undivided; lateral margin parallel, and slightly convex; with posterior margin bilobate with median indentation, concave, with lobate branch.

Genitalia ( Figs 73, 74 ). Genital ring protruding dorsally, with distal margin rounded and not emarginated. Basivolsella fully outlined from basiparamere, with sparse line of hairs. Paramere fully divided into two arms; dorsal arm of paramere as long as ventral arm, club-shaped, and with basal margin thin; ventral arm of paramere wide at apex, apex sparse hairy, inner margin straight. Cuspis birramous, with arms slightly indistinct; ventral arm aligned with dorsal arm apex, slender, and thin, with apex truncate; dorsal arm wide, and with apex rounded. Aedeagus slender; with pair of apical lobes, with apex aligned with paramere apex, lobes touching each other, with apical margin rounded, lateral of margin of basal portion convex; apodeme divergent, with base straight.

Variations. Body length 1.96–2.93 mm; fore wing length 1.36–2.21 mm. Head dark castaneous; mesosoma dark castaneous nearly black with pronotum and scutellum castaneous. Propodeum with propodeal disc with longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carina hardly visible; with lateral surface without posterior carina.

FEMALE unknown.

Remarks. This species is similar to Clytrovorus exaggeratus Barbosa & Azevedo, 2011 by having the ocellar triangle acute, compact with ocelli large; the antenna with first flagellomere as long as pedicel and other flagellomeres; the scutellar groove narrow and arched; the mesopleural sulcus foveolate. However C. merina sp. nov. has the head as long as wide; the frons sparsely foveolate; the clypeus quadrate with clypeal carina complete and arched in profile; the longitudinal pronotal furrow present; the propodeal disc with inner discal carina complete, with longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carina; the posterior spine of propodeum present; the declivity of propodeum with median carina present; the hypopygium without lateral projection anteriorly, whereas C. exaggeratus has the head wider than long; the frons coriaceous; the clypeus rounded with clypeal carina incomplete and straight in profile; the longitudinal pronotal furrow absent; the propodeal disc with inner discal carina incomplete, without longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carina; the posterior spine of propodeum absent; the declivity of propodeum with median carina absent; the hypopygium with lateral projection anteriorly.

Figures

FIGURES 17 – 18. 17. Clytrovorus merina sp. nov., 3, holotype, habitus; 18. C. zafimaniry sp. nov., 3, holotype, habitus. Scale bars = 300 µm.

FIGURES 19 – 24. 19 – 21. Clytrovorus merina sp. nov., 3, holotype. 19. Head in dorsal view; 20. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 21. Mesosoma in lateral view; 22 – 24. C. zafimaniry sp. nov., 3, holotype. 22. Head in dorsal view; 23. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 24. Mesosoma in lateral view. Scale bars = 300 µm.

FIGURES 57 – 66. Hypopygium. 57. Anaylax mahafaly sp. nov.; 58. Clytrovorus bara sp. nov.; 59. C. merina sp. nov.; 60. C. zafimaniry sp. nov.; 61. Itapayos antaimoro sp. nov.; 62. I. mikea sp. nov.; 63. Zimankos makoa sp. nov.; 64. Z. sakalava sp. nov.; 65. Pilomesitius madagascarensis Móczár; 66. Z. madagascarensis (Móczár). Scale bars = 300 µm.

FIGURES 67 – 78. Genitalia. 67, 68. Anaylax betsileo sp. nov. 67. Ventral view; 68. Lateral view; 69, 70. A. mahafaly sp. nov. 69. Ventral view; 70. Lateral view; 71, 72. Clytrovorus bara sp. nov. 71. Ventral view; 72. Lateral view; 73, 74. C. merina sp. nov. 73. Ventral view; 74. Lateral view; 75, 76. C. zafimaniry sp. nov. 75. Ventral view; 76. Lateral view; 77, 78. Itapayos antaimoro sp. nov. 77. Ventral view; 78. Lateral view. Scale bars = 125 µm.