Emphylica crassihamata Chen & Zhang

Chen, Kai, Liu, Qingming, Jin, Jianhua & Zhang, Dandan, 2019, Revision of the genus Emphylica Turner, 1913 based on morphology and molecular data (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae), ZooKeys 836, pp. 113-133 : 113

Emphylica crassihamata Chen & Zhang sp. n. Figs 3, 11, 13, 17, 21, 24

Material examined.

Type material. Holotype ♂ (Fig. 13); CHINA, Guangdong: Chebaling National Nature Reserve, Shixing County, 24.72N, 114.26E, alt. 496 m, 28.V.2017, leg. Chen Kai. Paratypes: Hunan: 1♂, Mt. Huilongshan, Zixing, 26.08N, 113.39E, alt. 886 m, 8.VI.2016, leg. Chen Kai and Duan Yongjiang; 1♂, Jinyinpu, Bamianshan Reserve, Guidong County, 25.97N, 113.71E, alt. 973 m, 16.VI.2015, leg. Chen Kai; 2♀, Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve, Guzhang County, 28.66N, 110.08E, alt. 890 m, 18.VI.2017, leg. Zhang Dandan, genitalia slides no. SYSU0994 (molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP0191), 0957; Guangdong: 1♂, same data as holotype; 2♂, idem except leg. Duan Yongjiang, genitalia slide no. SYSU0993, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP0190; 2♂, idem except leg. Kou Zongqing, genitalia slide no. SYSU0933.

Diagnosis.

In appearance, E. crassihamata resembles E. cruoralis in the reddish brown subterminal band, but can still be recognized by the predominantly yellow basal 2/3 of the forewing sprinkled with reddish brown scales and the presence of a faint antemedial line on the forewing and postmedial lines on both wings. In male genitalia it differs from E. diaphana and E. xanthocrossa by the distally rounded, moderately setose uncus, the pointed and recurved dorsal process of the sacculus, and the long and slender phallus, which is longer than the length of the valva; from E. cruoralis it differs by the wider distal uncus, the small triangular, strongly sclerotized process near the distal sacculus as well as the hook-like ventral sella. In female genitalia, the sclerotized antrum is approximately 1.5 × as long as the anterior apophysis whereas in E. cruoralis the sclerotized antrum is as long as the anterior apophysis.

Description

(Figs 3, 13). Head. Frons and vertex yellowish brown, frons with cream white stripe laterally. Antenna yellowish brown, cilia in male as long as width of corresponding flagellomeres. Labial palpus brown with white scales at base. Maxillary palpus brown. Thorax. Saffron dorsally, pale yellow ventrally. Foreleg: femur brown; tibia brown and white alternately; tarsi white except distal three brown. Midleg: femur pale brown; tibia yellow dorsally, white ventrally, outer spur half as long as inner one; tarsi white ventrally, pale yellow dorsally. Hindleg: femur pale brown; tibia yellow, basal inner spur in male about three times as long as basal outer spur, apical inner spur about twice as long as apical outer spur; tarsi pale yellow. Wingspan 17.5-18.5 mm. Forewing yellow edged by reddish brown subterminal band, sprinkled with reddish brown scales from base to postmedial line, slightly darkened along costal margin, veins covered with reddish brown scales terminally, terminal band narrow, saffron; antemedial line reddish brown, curved outwards from basal fourth of costa to about basal third of dorsum; orbicular stigma faint, dark brown; reniform stigma straight, strip-like, dark brown; postmedial line reddish brown, weakly sinuate from 3/4 of costa to base of M2, bent inwards to base of CuA2, then curved outwards to about middle of dorsum; inner margin of subterminal band nearly parallel to postmedial line; underside with ground colour as on upperside but paler; fringe saffron mixed with pale yellow scales, mostly reddish brown at tornus. Hindwing with costal margin translucent white to 2/3 of costa, basal half medially pale reddish brown, followed by pale yellow band, outer margin sinuate, edged by reddish brown subterminal band, terminal band narrow, saffron, veins with reddish brown scales terminally; postmedial line indistinct; fringe as in forewing; underside paler than upperside especially in basal half. Abdomen. Brown dorsally, whitish ventrally, apical margins of segments tinged with white.

Male genitalia

(Fig. 17). Uncus bulging at base, gradually narrowed towards obtusely rounded apex, maximal width approximately 2 × minimal width, bearing hair-like setae on distal half. Valva evenly wide medially, slightly tapering towards apex, with a small triangular sclerotized process beyond distal end of sacculus; transtilla triangular; costal sclerotized band wide, slightly expanded to 2/3 of dorsal margin; sacculus broad, distal third expanded and bearing a strongly sclerotized, hook-like process; dorsal sella quadrate; ventral sella hook-like, strongly sclerotized. Juxta U-shaped with two slender arms, thickened and fused in basal half. Phallus long and slender, slightly curved upward, approximately 1.25 × length of valva, distal half with interlaced spicules on vesica, distal end with several pointed cornuti dorsally. Female genitalia (Fig. 21). Anterior apophysis slightly bulging near basal third. Antrum long, funnel-shaped, thickened and strongly sclerotized distolaterally, approximately 1.5 × as long as anterior apophysis. Ductus bursae slender, as wide as anterior part of antrum, approximately 1.8 × as long as diameter of corpus bursae; colliculum slightly narrowed posteriorly. Corpus bursae globular, spinulose; accessory bursa arising from middle side of corpus bursae; rhombic signum small, maximal length approximately 1/3 as long as diameter of corpus bursae, with two opposing angles bearing carinae disconnected medially, other two angles triangular, distally blunt.

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the Latin crassi- = thick and hamata = hook-like, referring to the thick, hook-like ventral sella.

Distribution

(Fig. 24). China (Hunan, Guangdong).