Tullgrenella quadripunctata ( Mello-Leitão, 1944 ), Mello-Leitao, 1944

Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H. & Rodrigues, Everton N. L., 2024, Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina), Zootaxa 5411 (1), pp. 1-71 : 28-32

Tullgrenella quadripunctata ( Mello-Leitão, 1944)

Figs 4B , 7F , 20A–D , 21A–D , 22A–D , 43A , 44C , 51A–C

Zoobank. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BE40EBAB-8B1E-44CE-9D03-BE95D85E712F

Akeloides quadripunctatus Mello-Leitão, 1944: 374 , fig. 69 (holotype, female, ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires, La Plata [34°54’37.4”S 57°55’57.3”W], M. Birabén leg. ( MLP 16205 ), examined).

Capidava senescens Mello-Leitão, 1944: 380 , fig. 73 (holotype, male, ARGENTINA, Tigre [34°25’31.2”S 58°34’45.7”W], Prosen leg. (MLP 16230), examined); Galiano, 1980: 36 (Syn.).

Hurius costulatus Mello-Leitão, 1944: 384 , fig. 80 (holotype, female, ARGENTINA, Punta Piedras [34°52’35.9”S 57°51’29.8”W], R. Costas leg. (MLP 16265), examined); Galiano, 1980: 38 (Syn.).

Tullgrenella quadripunctata : Galiano, 1970: 344, figs 30–36, 49–50.

Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella quadripunctata resemble those of T. nadjae Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 by the sickle-shaped cymbium and proximal retrolateral lobe of tegulum facing up toward the cymbium apex ( Figs 4B , 21C–D ), but can be distinguished by the retrolateral-distal rotation of tegulum ( Fig. 21C ) and the conductor close to tegulum ( Fig. 21C ). Females of T. quadripunctata can be compared to T. nadjae by the copulatory ducts with two loops in the antero-dorsal region, and one loop in the distal-dorsal region connecting to anterior spermathecae ( Figs 7F vs 7G, 22D vs 24D), but can be distinguished by the horizontal curly bracket-shaped posteriorly-opening coupling pocket ( Figs 7F , 22C–D ).

Description. See Galiano (1970).

Material examined. BRAZIL, Amapá, Mazagão [0°06’56.9”S 51°17’10.5”W], 03.XII.2003, R . Adaime leg., 1♂ ( MCTP 16531 ) ; São Paulo, Itirapina [22°15’21.3”S 47°48’55.4”W], 2001, C.R . Bertim leg., 1♂ ( IBSP 123127 ) ; Rio Grande do Sul, Torres [29°20’18.2”S 49°43’41.7”W], no data and collector, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42245); Cidreira [30°10’36.2”S 50°12’30.9”W], 21.X.1992 , A.A. Lise leg., 1♀ ( MCTP 2239 ); Santa Vitória do Palmar, Estação Ecológica do Taim [32°32’20.5”S 52°32’25.8”W], 09.IV.1986 , M. Rosenau leg., 1♂ 1♀ ( MCN 14882 ); ditto, 1♀ ( MCN 14887 ); Guaíba [30°06’49.8”S 51°19’16.0”W], 04.II.1976, M. Galileo & A. Gastal leg., 1♀ ( MCN 26658 ); Santana do Livramento, Fazenda Rincão dos Moraes [30°53’20.1”S 55°31’35.8”W], 23.II.2016, G. Silva & T . Aguzzoli leg., pitfall trap, 1♂ ( MCN 53376 ) . URUGUAY, Rocha, Chuí [33°41’20.7”S 53°26’55.4”W], I.1967 , Pujals leg. 1♀ (MACN-Ar 6226); Sarandí del Consejo [34°14’8.26”S 53°58’40.31”W], 23.II.1995 , C. Toscano leg., 1♂ 1♀ (FCE-Ar 2235); ditto, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 2259) ; Cerro Largo, Paso Arriera [32°00´32.6”S 54°28´54.5”W], 18–20.VII.2019 , M. Simó leg., 1♀ (FCE-Ar 11098); Arévalo [32°29´16.9”S 55°02´51.0”W], 31.X.2019, 1♂ (FCEAr 12498), ditto, 3♂ (FCE-Ar 12131) ; Colonia, R2 , Km 174 [33°56’9.85”S 57°22’0.67”W], 01.XII.2019, R . Roibal leg., 2♀ (FCE-Ar 10625); Durazno, San Eduardo [32°35’32”S 55°42’21”W], 29.I.2019 , Pompozzi leg., collected in grassland, 1♂ 2♀ (FCE-Ar 11248); ditto, 1♂ (FCE-Ar 11401) ditto, 1♂ (FCE-Ar 11501) ; Maldonado, Sierra de las Ánimas [34°42’0.16”S 55°18’59.55”W], 02.V .1965, B. Ximenez leg., 2♂ (FCE-Ar 0329); Piriápolis [34°51’16.91”S 55°17’42.66”W], 03.XI.2018 , D. Hagopián leg., on rocks, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 9636); Altos del Edén [34°37’53.39”S 55°3’59.77”W], 09.III.2020 , D. Hagopián leg., 1♀ (FCE-Ar 10736); Montevideo, Melilla [34°43’57.38”S 56°19’15.96”W], 18.II.2018 , D. Hagopián leg., 4♂ (FCE-Ar 2284); ditto, 11.VIII.2018 , D. Hagopián leg., 1♂ (FCE-Ar 9371); ditto, 23.XII.2017, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 9395); ditto, 12.XI.2017, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 9566); ditto, 17.IX.2017, 1♂ (FCE-Ar 9577); ditto, 12.VI .2019, D. Hagopián leg., under firewood, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 10738); ditto, 18.IV.2020, 7♂ 3♀ (FCE-Ar 12178); Malvín Norte, Facultad de Ciencias [34°52’56.29”S 56°7’6.65”W], 20.III.2017 , A. Laborda leg., 1♂ (FCE-Ar 9417); ditto, 24.III.2017 , D. Hagopián leg., 1♀ (FCE-Ar 9420); Calle Iguá 4225 [34°52’52”S 56°07’03”W], 26.X.2021 , P. Pintos leg., 1♂ (FCE-Ar 10388); Paysandú, Ciudad de Paysandú [32°21’7,09’’S 58°3’35,82’’W], 26.X.2014 , A. Laborda leg., 1♂ (FCE-Ar 5998); ditto, 29.IV.2017 , A. Laborda leg., 1♂ (FCE-Ar 10540); Río Negro, Ruta 24 Km 85 , Estancia “Las Cadenas” [32°31’38.5”S 58°02’00.2”W], 22.XII.2020 , A. Mailhos leg., 1♂ 1♀ (FCE-Ar 13138); ditto, 21.IV.2020, collected in Eryngium horridum , 1♂ (FCE-Ar 8517) ; Rivera, Ypoá [31°43’53”S 55°34’11”W], 10.IV.2019, Pompozzi leg., in grassland, 1♂ (FCE-Ar 11262) ; Treinta y Tres, General Enrique Martinez (Charqueada) [33°11’58.82”S 53°51’5.18”W], 18.XI.2013 , L. Bao & L. Casales leg., riparian forest, 1♂ (FCE-Ar 9264); Juan Manual Sanz [33°11’41.61”S 54°5’34.24”W], XI.2005 , L. Bao & L. Casales leg., D–Vac on rice, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 9267); Canelones, INIA, Las Brujas [34°39’44.5”S 56°20’19.9”W], 02.II.2005 , M. Simó leg., 1♀ (FCE-Ar 3143); ditto, 19.II.2005 , M. Simó leg., 1♂ (FCE-Ar 3232); ditto, 03.VII.2005, 1♂ (FCE-Ar 3350); ditto, 10.VII.2004, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 4758); ditto, 23.IV.2005, 1♂ (FCE-Ar 6856); San Rámon, [34°17’24.25”S 55°57’19.29”W], 02.IX.2018, R . Lauría leg., 2♂ (FCE-Ar 9404); ditto, 20.VII.2019, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 10550); Toledo, José Antonio Verdún 22 [34°44’28.61”S 56°05’24.98”W], 09.IX.2018, R . Lauría leg., 1♀ (FCE-Ar 9461); ditto, 02.X.2018, 1♂ (FCE-Ar 9523); ditto, 24.VI .2019, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 10552). ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires [34°35’03.7”S 58°24’34.0”W], X.1941 , M. Viana leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 6232); 1998, M.E. Galiano leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42287); Alberdi [35°01’54.1”S 60°16’48.6”W], 08.III.1989 , A. González leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42293); Atucha [33°58’19.5”S 59°12’12.9”W], XI.1982 , M. Ramírez leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42281); Belén de Escobar [34°20’54.8”S 58°46’27.0”W], 22.IX.1979 , P. Goloboff leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42291); Campos de Tuyú [36°24’22.2”S 56°58’18.8”W], 26.III.2012 , L. Piacentini, G. Rubio & Izquierdo leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 32099); Carlos Casares [35°37’37.7”S 61°20’48.4”W], IV.1981 , P. Goloboff leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42157); ditto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42284); ditto, 3♀ (MACN-Ar 42289); ditto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42297); ditto, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42298), ditto, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42302); ditto, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42303); ditto, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42721); ditto, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42241), ditto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42247); ditto, I.1982, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42288); ditto, IX.1989, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42294); ditto, 1978–1979 , P. Goloboff leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42720); ditto, 19.XI.1947 , W. Patriadge leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42295); Don Torcuato [34°29’37.7”S 58°37’38.4”W], IV.1939 , Boero leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 6223); Hurlingham [34°35’22.7”S 58°37’39.0”W], XI.1962 , E. Massoia leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 6225); Ezeiza [34°47’52.4”S 58°33’35.5”W], VI .1981, M. Ramírez leg., 2♀ (MACN-Ar 42285); Hurlingham [34°35’22.7”S 58°37’39.0”W], IX.1962 , E. Massoia leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 6265); Ingeniero Maschwitz [34°23’28.4”S 58°44’18.7”W], V .1969, M. Galiano leg., 1♀ ( MANC 6236 ); ditto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 6237); Isla Martín Garcia [34°11’07.4”S 58°15’13.0”W], III.1939 , M. Viana leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 6229); Junín [34°35’16.8”S 60°56’58.6”W], II.1963 , E. Massoia leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 6231); Las Flores [36°00’51.3”S 59°05’59.4”W], VI .1931, J.B. Daguerre leg., 2♂ 5♀ (MACN-Ar 6235); ditto, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 6283); ditto, 30.VI .19831, J.B. Daguerre leg., 4♀ (MACN-Ar 30986); Las Palmas [34°03’12.3”S 59°08’04.9”W], 08.IV.1963 , Bachmann leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42234); Mar del Plata [38°00’19.9”S 57°32’33.3”W], I.1986 , C. Scioscia leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42296); ditto, 20.21. VII.1984 , M. Ramírez leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42301); Punta Lara [34°49’26.8”S 57°58’07.0”W], IX.1937, M. Viana leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 6228); Quequén [38°32’38.6”S 58°42’43.4”W], II.1960 , M. Birabén leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42292); Reserva Natural de Otamendi, Est. Río Luján [34°13’36.8”S 58°53’50.1”W], 28.VIII.2007 , C. Grismado, L. Damer, N. Olejni, I. Crudele, N. Lopéz & S. de Biase leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 12795); Río Luján [34°16’46.5”S 58°53’26.3”W], 14.IX.1991 , M. Ramírez leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42299); Tandil [37°19’43.1”S 59°08’11.1”W], 1937 , M. Viana leg., 3♀ (MACN-Ar 6227); ditto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42290); Tigre [34°25’31.2”S 58°34’45.7”W], VIII.1951 , M. Viana leg., 2♀ (MACN-Ar 6222); ditto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 6224); VI .1935, H. Hepper leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 6233); ditto, 31.III.1971 , D. Toth leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42248); Zelaya [34°36’05.6”S 58°24’36.1”W], VIII.1938 , Daguerre leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 6234); Córdoba, Mina Clavero [31°43’41.6”S 65°00’19.9”W], 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42282); La Cumbre [30°58’56.6”S 64°29’49.3”W], XII.1991 , C. Scioscia & M. Ramírez leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42286); Camino de Pampa de Achala [31°40’57.6”S 64°50’14.4”W], 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42242) ; Corrientes, Arroyo Mandisoví Grande [28°35’03.2”S 58°00’20.3”W], 15.VII.1985, M. Ramírez leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42283) .

Distribution. Brazil (Amapá, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay (Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandú, Río Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Treinta y Tres), and Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Corrientes) ( Figs 51A–B ).

Natural history. Individuals can be associated with soil habitat, as they were collected on rocks and in grasslands. This species is recorded in the Chacoan and Brazilian subregions, not occurring in the South American Transitional Zone ( Figs 51A–B ), and can be found in sympatry with T. lunata in the Chacoan subregion ( Figs 51A–B ). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 5–2081 m a. s. l. ( Figs 51A–B ).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of male left palp, ventral view.A T. musica (Mello-Leitão, 1945) (MCN 53370). B T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) (MCTP 16531). C T. yungae Galiano, 1970 (MCN 44133). D T. serrana Galiano, 1970 (MCTP 31126). E T. aisenbergae Marta, sp. nov. (IBSP 118477). F T. peniaflorensis Galiano, 1970 (FNAG36 1464). Scale bars: 0.50 mm. Colored homology: purple and purple arrow (tegular membranous process), blue (embolar base), green (conductor), magenta (tegulum), orange (embolus), red (pars pendula).

FIGURE 7. Illustrations of female epigynum of Tullgrenella, dorsal view. A–E morenensis group: A T. morenensis (Tullgren, 1905) (MCN 19940), B T. guayapae Galiano, 1970 (MCN 55520), C T. brescoviti Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 (MCN 24104), D T. musica (Mello-Leitão,1945) (MCN 53372), E T. corrugata Galiano, 1981 (MACN-Ar 7206). F–H quadripunctata group: F T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) (MCTP 2239), G T. nadjae Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 (MCN 56814), H T. lunata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) (MACN-Ar 6214). I–J melanica group: I T. melanica (Mello-Leitão, 1941) (MACN-Ar 6244), J T. yungae Galiano, 1970 (MCTP 39713). K–O serrana group: K T. serrana Galiano, 1970 (MCTP 12173), L T. legalissima Marta & Hagopián, sp. nov. (IBSP 118228), M T. aisenbergae Marta, sp. nov. (IBSP 123129), N T. gertschi Galiano, 1981 (MACN-Ar 7206), O T. sciosciae Marta & Bustamante, sp. nov. (MCTP 31135). P–Q peniaflorensis group: P T. peniaflorensis Galiano, 1970 (MACN-Ar 6242), Q T. selenita Galiano, 1970 (FNAC 36). Scale bars: 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 20. Photographs in vivo. A–D T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944):A–B. female (FCE-Ar 9395), C–D male (FCE- Ar 2284). E–H T. melanica (Mello-Leitão, 1941): E–F female (FCE-Ar 12259), G–H male (FCE-Ar 10505). Photographs by D. Hagopián.

FIGURE 21. Male of T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944). A habitus (MCN 14882), dorsal view, red arrow: spotted coloration pattern. B same, ventral view. C left palp (IBSP 123127), ventral view, red arrow: tegulum central depression. D same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A–B 1 mm, C–D 0.50 mm.

FIGURE 22. Female of T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944). A habitus (MCN 14882), dorsal view, red arrow: spotted coloration pattern. B same, ventral view. C epigynum (MCTP 2239), ventral view. D same, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B 1 mm, C–D 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 43. Scanning electronic microscopy of male palp, ventral view. A zoom of RTA of T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) (MCTP 16531), white arrow: hook between RTA and prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis, red arrow: lyriform organ. B zoom of RTA of T. serrana Galiano, 1970 (MCTP 31126), white arrow: hook between RTA and prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis. C femur ventral projection of T. yungae Galiano, 1970 (MCN 44133), white arrow: projection. D femur ventral projection of T. aisenbergae Marta sp. nov. (IBSP 118477), white arrow: projection.

FIGURE 44. Scanning electronic microscopy. A right chelicera of T. yungae Galiano, 1970 (MCN 44133), prolateral view, arrow: distal and proximal teeth. B left chelicera of T. musica (Mello-Leitão, 1945) (MCTP 55370), retrolateral view, arrow: tooth. C claw of T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) (MCN 26658), arrow: claw teeth and subungueal tufts. D claw of T. yungae Galiano, 1970 (MCTP 39711), arrow: claw teeth and subungueal tufts.

FIGURE51. NeotropicalandAndean regionalization(Morrone 2014) anddistributional recordsfor speciesof the quadripunctata group. A Neotropical, South America, Brazilian subregion Chacoan subregion, South America Transition Zone and Andean region. B Southern South America, focusing on species occurrence. C habitat inference, Uruguay: Montevideo, Melilla, photographed by collector Damián Hagopián.