Encaumaptera stigmata ( Hampson, 1891 )

Yakovlev, Roman V. & Zolotuhin, Vadim V., 2020, Revision of the family Metarbelidae (Lepidoptera) of the Oriental Region. I. Introduction and genera Encaumaptera Hampson 1893, Orgyarbela gen. nov., and Hollowarbela gen. nov., Ecologica Montenegrina 38, pp. 84-101 : 91

Encaumaptera stigmata ( Hampson, 1891)

Figs 5−7 , 20

Originally described in the family Hepialidae .

Brachylia stigmata Hampson, 1891 , Ill. Typ. Spec. Lepid. Heterocera coll. Brit. Mus., 8: 66, pl. 144 (CXLIV), fig. 1

Type locality: [Nilgiri district of Southern India, Tamil Nadu Province] .

Type material: holotype (male) in NHMUK. Holotype was not found in the collection of NHMUK in spite of special search though the image was given at the description from the specimen kept here.

Material examined: 1 male, Sri Lanka, Uva Prov., Monoragalla Distr., Galge, 100 m, Yala Park , 29−31.i.− 3−4.iv.1995, leg. H. Schnitzler ( MWM, slide Genitalpräparat Heterocera Nr. 26.649) ; 2 males, same locality, 29−30.v.1995, leg. H. Schnitzler ( MWM, slide Genitalpräparat Heterocera Nr. 28.030) .

Re-description. Length of fore wing 13−14 mm. Fore wing light- brown, blurred wide brown spot in radial area postdiscally, bright dark-brown spot cubitally (in medium part of wing), fringe light-brown. Hind wing light-brown without pattern, fringe light-brown.

Male genitalia.Uncus very large, tapered, apically rounded, basally strongly sclerotized; tegumen massive, with wide leaf-like processes at bases of gnathos arms; gnathos arms thick, relatively long; gnathos large; valve narrow, slightly narrowing from base to apex, with small semicircular notch on border between medium and distal thirds of costal edge, small leaf-like processes at valve base (on costal edge), small triangle harpe on inner surface of valve at base of notch on costal edge, medium third of costal and abdominal edges strongly sclerotized, wide sclerotized bridge from costal to abdominal edge of valve; juxta small, cup-like; saccus tiny; phallus thick, short, straight, with long longitudinal linear sclerite on abdominal surface and small paired linear-shaped cornuti along lateral surfaces of vesica.

Diagnosis.The species is well differentiated externally: the fore wing has a more modified pattern in comparison to other species of the genus: a light-brown background with a blurred wide brown spot in radial area postdiscally and a bright dark-brown spot cubitally (in the medial part of the wing), the phallus has the same thickness throughout its length. The hind wing color matches that of the fore wing. The species is probably an endemic of southern India and Sri-Lanka.

Distribution. Southern India, Sri Lanka.

Comments. We does not exclude the possibility that southern India and Sri Lanka are inhabited by two closely related species similar externally. This phenomenon is widely known in different groups of Lepidoptera ( Zolotuhin 2009; Yakovlev 2015), but not having at our disposal a type specimen or at least a topotypical specimen, and being guided only by its image, taking into account the very close zoogeographic connections between southern India and the island, at this stage we treat both populations as conspecific.

Figures

Figures 1−16. Adult specimens of Oriental Metarbelidae: 1. Indarbela tetraonis (Moore, 1879), male, S. India, Madurai, 18.vii.1985, leg. M. Eckrich (ZSM); 2. Indarbela tetraonis (Moore, 1879), female, S. India, Madurai, 2.vii.1985, leg. M. Eckrich (ZSM); 3. Squamicapilla arenata W. Schultze, 1908, male, the Philippines, E. Luzon, Aurora Prov., Sra Madre, 14 km S of Dilalongan, Dapalan river, 50 m, 16°02.709N / 121°42.667E, 11/12 Feb 2008, J.H. Lourens/K. Knoblich leg. (MWM); 4. Squamura maculata Heylaerts, 1890, male, Indonesia, East Java, Mt. Argopuro, 1200 m, 7−12.x.2004, leg. Jäkl (MWM); 5. Encaumaptera stigmata (Hampson, 1891), male, type (from Hampson 1891); 6. E. stigmata, male, Sri Lanka (Ceylon), Prov. Uva (Yala Nat. Park), Monaragalla/Gelge, 100 m, 29−30.v.1995, leg. Schnitzler (MWM); 7. E. stigmata, male, Sri Lanka (Ceylon), Prov. Uva (Yala Nat. Park), Monaragalla distr., Gelge, 100 m, 2−4.vi.1995, leg. Schnitzler (MWM); 8. E. devyatkini sp. nov., male, holotype (MWM); 9. E. aurora sp. nov., male, holotype (MWM); 10. E. aurora sp. nov., male, paratype, Thailand, Isthmus of Kra, Ranong [9°57′ N 98°38′ E], TV-station, 500 ms, Mitte April 2002, leg. loc. coll., ex coll. S. Loeffler (RYB); 11. Hollowarbela kinabalua (Holloway, 1976), male, holotype (from Holloway 1980); 12. H. kinabalua, male, Malaysia, Sabah, Trus Madi, 1100 m, 4−24.iv.2002, Martini leg. (MWM); 13. Orgyarbela millemaculata (Hampson, 1897), male, syntype (NHMUK); 14. O. millemaculata (Hampson, 1897), female, Khasis, May 1894 (NHMUK); 15. O. kerri sp. nov., male, holotype (NHMUK); 16. O. mackwoodi sp. nov., male, holotype (NHMUK). Scale bar 1 cm.

Figures 17−26. Male genitalia of Oriental Metarbelidae:17. Indarbela tetraonis (Moore, 1879), S. India, Madurai (slide ZSSM 2016/4 Coss); 18. Squamicapilla arenata W. Schultze, 1908, the Philippines, E. Luzon, Aurora Prov. (slide Genitalpräparat Heterocera MWM Nr. 27.981); 19. Squamura maculata Heylaerts, 1890, Indonesia, East Java (slide Genitalpräparat Heterocera MWM Nr. 27.983); 20. Encaumaptera stigmata (Hampson, 1891), Sri Lanka (Ceylon) (GenPr MWM: 26.649); 21. E. devyatkini sp. nov., holotype (Genitalpräparat Heterocera MWM Nr. 27.986); 22. E. aurora sp. nov., holotype (slide Genitalpräparat Heterocera MWM Nr. 26.648); 23. Orgyarbela millemaculata (Hampson, 1897), Khasis (slide NHMUK010315538); 24. O. kerri sp. nov., holotype (slide NHMUK 010315534); 25. O. mackwoodi sp. nov., holotype (slide NHMUK 010315536); 26. Hollowarbela kinabalua (Holloway, 1976), Malaysia, Sabah, Trus Madi (Genitalpräparat Heterocera MWM Nr. 28.047).