Neoparmulella periperiensis, Farias & Neves & Johnsson, 2021

Farias, Amilcar, Neves, Elizabeth Gerardo & Johnsson, Rodrigo, 2021, A new genus and species of Entomolepididae Brady, 1899 (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida) associated with the endemic octocoral Phyllogorgia dilatata (Esper, 1806) (Cnidaria, Octocorallia) from Northeastern Brazil, Journal of Natural History 54 (35 - 36), pp. 2367-2379 : 2371-2375

Neoparmulella periperiensis sp. nov. ( Figures 2–4 )

Material examined Holotype female ( UFBA 3302 ), allotype male ( UFBA 3303 ) and paratype female ( UFBA 3304 ), Periperi Beach (12°51 ʹ 59”S, 38°28 ʹ 47”W), Salvador city, Bahia State, Brazil ( Figure 1 ), collected by I. Bonfim and A. Farias on 30 August 2015. Specimens found associated with Phyllogorgia dilatata . Holotype and allotype dissected and mounted on slide. Paratype preserved in ethanol.

Description of female

Body length (excluding caudal setae) 661 µm and body width 507 µm. Prosome ( Figure 2 (a)) shield-like, dorsoventrally flattened reaching leg 5 somite; most of urosome not covered by body shield, prosome and urosome wider than longer. First pedigerous somite completely fused with cephalothorax to form cephalosome. Cephalosome with posterolateral corners embracing completely free second pedigerous somite. Third and fourth pedigerous somites fused, forming enlarged plate, but not covering genital doublesomite.

Prosome 415 µm long and 507 µm wide. Length: width ratio = 0.8:1. Urosome ( Figure 2 (b)) composed of 4 somites. Genital double-somite 107 µm long and maximum width 130 µm, length: width ratio = 0.8:1, showing posterior projections reaching beyond posterior margin of following somite. Vestigial leg 6 located midlaterally with thin seta, close to genital openings, sparse setules located laterally, posteriorly to leg 6. Two postgenital somites, both wider than long (18 × 50, 22 × 43 µm, respectively). Prosome: urosome ratio = 2.6:1. Caudal rami ( Figure 2 (b)) longer than wide, 10 × 16 µm. Length: width ratio 1.6:1, armed with six setae.

Antennule ( Figure 2 (c)) 279 µm long (not including setae), 17-segmented. Lengths of segments in proximal to distal order: 79, 6, 7, 22, 9, 10, 11, 4, 11, 11, 14, 13, 12, 12, 17, 18 and 23 µm, respectively. Segmental homologies as follows: 1(I)-1; 2(II)-2; 3(III)-1; 4(IV–VI)-6; 5(VII)-2; 6(VIII)-2; 7(IX–XII)-5; 8(XIII)-2; 9(XIV)-I + 1; 10(XV)-2; 11(XVI)-2; 12(XVII)-1; 13(XVIII)-2; 14(XIX)-2; 15(XX)-2; 16(XXI)-2+ Aesthetasc; 17(XXII–XXVIII)-11. Plumose setae on segments 2 and 3, robust seta on segment 9 and spine on segment 10. The last segment showing evidence of incomplete segmentation. Aesthetasc 73 µm long.

Antenna ( Figure 2 (d)) 200 µm long (including distal claw); coxa 22 µm long; basis 62 µm long with short setules along inner margin. Exopod 1-segmented, 21 µm long, with four naked apical setae. Endopod 3-segmented, first segment 53 µm long, unarmed, ornamented with row of setules along outer margin; second segment 4 µm long, unarmed; third segment 18 µm long, armed with minute seta on inner margin and robust spine-like seta distally located, with row of spinules on outer margin, distal claw 41 µm long.

Oral cone ( Figure 3 (a)) 137 long, reaching insertion of leg 1 bases. Mandible ( Figure 3 (a)) comprising stylet inserted into oral cone and 2-segmented palp with segments 70 and 23 µm long, respectively; second segment with 2 naked distal setae of similar size. Mandibular stylet 123 µm long, forming distally serrated portion with 4 blunt teeth and larger tooth anteriorly.

Maxillule ( Figure 3 (a)) bilobed, both lobes laterally naked; inner and outer lobes 24 and 17 µm long, respectively. Each lobe armed with 4 distal naked setae of equal length. Maxilla ( Figure 3 (b)) 182 µm long, syncoxa 100 µm long and claw strongly curved distally towards inner margin.

Maxilliped ( Figure 3 (c)) 5-segmented, 259 µm long; syncoxa 67 µm long with minute naked thin seta on inner margin; basis 104 µm long, with row of setules on medial inner margin. Endopod 3-segmented, segments measuring 8, 16 and 19 µm long, respectively; first and second segments with minute naked seta distally on each segment; third segment with naked spine-like seta close to curved claw-like element, 45 µm long, showing tooth-like projection subdistally on inner margin.

Legs 1 − 4 ( Figures 3 (d, e) and 4 (a, b)) biramous, with 3-segmented rami. Armature formula as follows:

First leg ( Figure 3 (d)) with short setules on inner margins of coxa and basis and long setules on outer margins of both rami. Outer margin of basis of second leg ( Figure 3 (e)) with plumose seta longer than other basal setae. Legs 2 to 4 showing spinules along outer margin of exopodal segments. All four legs with two enlarged sharpened processes on distal outer margin of second endopodal segment. First and second endopodal segments of legs 1 to 4 with inner setae located subdistally. Third endopodal segment of leg 3 missing a distal seta ( Figure 4 (a)) and fourth leg bearing only 3 plumose setae on same segment ( Figure 4 (b)). Fifth leg ( Figure 4 (c)) with leaf-like free segment, row of short setules in both lateral margins and dorsal margin, two sharpened processes on each lateral margin and three distal plumose setae; basal seta small and naked.

Male Mean body length (excluding caudal setae) 544 µm (540–548 µm) and mean body width 364 µm (345–383 µm) (n = 2). Body shield-like, dorsoventrally flattened, resembling female shape. Genital somite wider than long ( Figure 4 (d)), 83 µm long and maximum width 139 µm, length: width ratio = 0.6:1, vestigial leg 6 located posteriorly with thin seta.

Three postgenital somites, all wider than long (30 × 65, 14 × 57, 23 × 48 µm, respectively).

Antennule ( Figure 4 (e)) 364 µm long (not including setae), 16-segmented. Lengths of segments in proximal to distal order: 78, 10, 10, 37, 12, 17, 11, 9, 12, 17, 23, 21, 17, 40, 24 and 26 µm, respectively. Segmental homologies as follows: 1(I)-2; 2(II)-2; 3(III)-1; 4(IV–VI)-6; 5(VII)-2; 6(VIII)-2; 7(IX–XII)-5; 8(XIII)-0; 9(XIV)-0; 10(XV)-1; 11(XVI)-2; 12(XVII)-2; 13(XVIII)-2; 14 (XIX–XX)-1; 15(XXI)-1+ ae; 16(XXII–XXVI)-8.

Others appendages as in female.

Type locality. Periperi Beach (12°51 ʹ 59”S, 38°28 ʹ 47”W), Salvador city, Bahia State, Brazil .

Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality.

Figures

Figure 1. Sampling site in Periperi Beach, Todos-os-Santos Bay, Salvador City, Bahia, Brazil.

Figure 2. Neoparmulella periperiensis sp. nov. female (holotype: UFBA 3302). (a), body, dorsal view; (b), urosome; (c), antennule; (d), antenna. Scale bars: A = 250 µm; B–D = 50 µm.

Figure 3. Neoparmulella periperiensis sp. nov. female (holotype: UFBA 3302). (a), oral cone, mandible and maxillule; (b), maxilla; (c), maxilliped; (d), leg 1, (e), leg 2. Scale bars: A–E = 50 µm.

Figure 4. Neoparmulella periperiensis sp. nov. female (holotype: UFBA 3302). (a), leg 3; (b), leg 4; (c), leg 5; male (allotype: UFBA 3303). (d), urosome; (e), antennule. Scale bars: A–E = 50 µm.