Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. (ed. 2) 1: 251. 1840. Deyeuxia rigida Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 144. 1815[1816]. Arundo rigida (Kunth) Poir., Encycl. 4: 705. 1816.

Sylvester, Steven P., Soreng, Robert J., Bravo-Pedraza, William J., Cuta-Alarcon, Lia E., Giraldo-Canas, Diego, Aguilar-Cano, Jose & Peterson, Paul M., 2019, Paramo Calamagrostis s. l. (Poaceae): An updated list and key to the species known or likely to occur in paramos of NW South America and southern Central America including two new species, one new variety and five new records for Colombia, PhytoKeys 122, pp. 29-78 : 29

Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. (ed. 2) 1: 251. 1840. Deyeuxia rigida Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 144. 1815[1816]. Arundo rigida (Kunth) Poir., Encycl. 4: 705. 1816. Fig. 5 G, H

Type. ECUADOR. In planitie frigida Antisanae [inter speluncam, Machay de Antisana], et Chussulongo, 2200 hexap. (4023 m alt.)], Regni Quitensi [Pichincha], 1833, A.J.A. Bonpland 2271 [s.n.] (holotype: P (P00729827 [image!]); isotypes: BM (BM000938560 [image!]), GH (GH00023418 [image!]) fragm., LE (LE-TRIN-1804.01!) fragm. ex Herb. Humb., P (P00129585 [image!], P00740362 [image!], P026296 [image!]), US (US00406356!) fragm., W???).

= Deyeuxia gracilis Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 22: 179. 1875. Calamagrostis gracilis (Wedd.) Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 71. 1908. Calamagrostis gracilis (Wedd.) Henrard, Mede. Rijks-Herb. 40: 61. 1921, nom. illeg. hom. Type: BOLIVIA. Province de Larecaja, Cordillera de Sorata, 1851 [1857], Weddell s.n. (holotype: P (P00729786 [image!]); isotypes: P (P030111 [image!]), S (S-R-1458 [image!]), US (US00479086!, US00479087!)).

= Deyeuxia sulcata Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 22: 178-180. 1875. Type: BOLIVIA. Prov. Larecaja, viciniis Sorata [Andes de Sorata], Puerta del Inca, prope trincheras Chiliata, in Scopulosos, Reg. Alp., 3800 m alt., Mar. [Apr.] 1858 [1868], G. Mandon 1308 bis. (holotype P; isotypes: GH (GH00023431 [image!]), JE (JE00014185 [image!]) fragm., L (L0044085 [image!], L0044083 [image!]), NY (NY380547 [image!]), P (P030105 [image!]), S (S-R-1469 [image!]), US (US00149252!) fragm.).

= Calamagrostis antoniana Steud. ex Lechler, Berberid. Amer. Austr. 56. 1857, nom. nud.

= Agrostis antoniana Griseb., Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 293. 1879. Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) Hack. ex Dusén, Rep. Princeton Univ. Exp. Patagonia, Botany, Suppl. 8: 42. 1915. Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) Steud. ex Hitchc., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 24(8): 378. 1927. Deyeuxia antoniana (Griseb.) Parodi, Revista Argent. Agron. 20: 14. 1953. Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) D.M. Moore, Fl. Tierra del Fuego 310. 1983, comb. illeg. hom. Type: ARGENTINA: Salta: Umgebung des Nevado del Castillo [Alrededores del Nevado del Castillo], 10-13000 ft [3048-3962 m alt.], 19-23 Mar. 1873, P.G. Lorentz & G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 67 + 72 (lectotype, designated here: GOET (GOET006107 [image!]); isolectotypes: GOET (GOET006106 [image!], GOET006108 [image!]); P.G. Lorentz & G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 67 isolectotypes: BAA (BAA00001327 [image!]) fragm., CORD (CORD00004685 [image!], CORD00004686 [image!]); P.G. Lorentz & G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 72 isolectotypes: BAA (BAA00001326 [image!]) fragm., CORD (CORD00004687 [image!], CORD00004688 [image!], CORD00004689 [image!]), K [cited by Rúgolo de Agrasar 2012: 208, but not seen], US (US00406312!, US00406404!)). Other original material: BOLIVIA [PERU]. Viciniis Sorata, prope Milipaya, in scopulosis, reg. alpina, 3700 m alt., Mar.-May 1861, G. Mandon 1308 (GOET (GOET006230 [image!])). PERU. In graminosis pr. San Antonio rara, Jun. [1854], [W. Lechler s.n.], W. Lechler Pl. Peruv. 1800 (BAA (BAA00001648 [image!]) fragm., BR (BR0000006865757 [image!]), G (G00099542 [image!], G00099543 [image!]), GOET (GOET006109 [image!]), K (K000308438 [image!]), LE (LE00009360 [image!], LE00009361 [image!]), M?, P (P00729795 [image!], P00729844 [image!], P00740472 [image!]), S (S-R-7637 [image!]), TUB (TUB009259 [image!]), US (US00131135!), W (W1889-0241764 [image!])).

= Calamagrostis sandiensis Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 68. 1908. Type: PERU. Prope Cuyocuyo, provincia Sandia, 3700-3800 m alt., 3 May 1902, Weberbauer 906 (lectotype, designated by Vega and Rúgolo de Agrasar (2013: 28): MOL; isolectotypes: BAA (BAA00000768 [image!] fragm. ex B, S (S-R-834 [image!]), US (US00149279!) fragm.).

= Calamagrostis gusindei Pilg. ex Skottsberg, Acta Horti Gothob. 2: 29. 1926. Deyeuxia gusindei (Pilg ex Skottsb.) Parodi, Revista Argent. Agron. 20: 14. 1953. Type: CHILE. Feuerland, Beagle [Beagle Kanal, zwischen (between) Steinen am Ufer; Tierra del Fuego, Remolino, Canal de Beagle], Mar. 1923, P. Gusinde 40 (holotype: BG; isotypes: BAA (BAA00000761 [image!]) fragm., W (W1941-0001573 [image!])).

= Deyeuxia crassifolia Hack. ex Sodiro, Revista Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 12: 64, 73. 1930. Type: ECUADOR. Crece en los pajonales del Monte Pichincha, Sep. [Jun.] 1887 [1886], Sodiro 25/9 [s.n.] (holotype: Q; isotypes: QPSL, S (S-R-1457 [image!]), US (US00406342!), W (W1916-0038065 [image!], W1916-0038066 [image!])).

Comments.

Previously considered to have its northernmost distribution in Ecuador ( Rúgolo de Agrasar 2012), although Luteyn (1999) mentions its presence in Costa Rica, this is the first record of C. rigida for Colombia. It has been erroneously determined as Calamagrostis recta (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud. The latter differs from C. rigida by the rachilla hairs reaching up to ¾ the length of the lemma (as opposed to usually reaching to slightly surpassing the lemma apex in C. rigida ), the awns being generally longer (6.2-7.5 mm as opposed to 4-6 mm in C. rigida ) and only slightly surpassing the glumes, the lemma apex being slightly bidentate (as opposed to bifid in C. rigida ) and the ligule being generally truncate and shorter, 1 –5(– 6.6) mm long (as opposed to long acuminate, (3 –)8– 12 mm long in C. rigida ), amongst other things.

There has been discrepancy regarding the typification of Agrostis antoniana , with previous research (e.g. Rúgolo de Agrasar 2012) citing the specimen P.G. Lorentz and G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 72 housed at CORD herbarium from Argentina as holotype, while the protologue mentions this (although not explicitly giving collector and number) as well as three other collections: Spruce pl. ecuad. 5927 presumably from Ecuador, G. Mandon 1308 from Bolivia [Peru] and W. Lechler 1800 from Peru. A further specimen, P.G. Lorentz and G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 67, makes a total of at least five syntypes for this name, although the three GOET Lorentz and Hieronymus syntypes were annotated by Grisebach with "67 + 72". Hitchcock (1927) gave a partial lectotypification by dictating the type as Lechler 1800, but did not indicate the herbarium. The Lechler 1800 specimen was distributed with the following label annotated by Hohenacker: "W. Lechler Pl. Peruvian. Ed. R. F. Hohenacker 1800 Calamagrostis Antoniana Steud. Ipse ["he himself said it"]. In graminosis pr. San Antonio rara Jun. m.". As no annotations by Grisebach were found on any of the Lechler 1800, Mandon 1308 or Lorentz and Hieronymus 67 and 72 CORD specimens (Spruce pl. ecuad. 5927 specimens not found), with only Lechler 1800 specimens at P being verified by Steudel, we lectotypify to the best of the three GOET Lorentz and Hieronymus 67 + 72 syntypes annotated by Grisebach and consider syntypes Lorentz and Hieronymus 67 and Lorentz and Hieronymus 72 to be isolectotypes.

Specimens Examined.

COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Mun. Chiscas, páramo de Chacaritas, asociado a rocas de 4 m de altura, 6°37.3362'N; 72°23.424'W, 4192 m alt., 4 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester, R.J. Soreng, W. Bravo & L.E. Cuta 3119 (COL, FMB, US, UPTC); Mun. Chiscas, páramo de Chacaritas, arribando a la morrena, 6°37.0674'N; 72°23.3394'W, 4354 m alt., 4 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester, R.J. Soreng, W. Bravo & L.E. Cuta 3125 (COL, FMB, K, SI, UPTC, US); Mun. Chiscas, páramo de Chacaritas, arribando a la morrena, 6°37.0674'N; 72°23.3394'W, 4354 m alt., 4 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester, R.J. Soreng, W. Bravo & L.E. Cuta 3126 (US). Dep. Santander: Páramo de la Angostura, Vereda El Mortino, Ubicada en borde de quebrada, 6°57.5'N; 72°43.5'W, 3605 m alt., 17 Nov. 2007, M.C. Gomez 1 (US).

Figures

Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm.