Parampelomyia yukawai Elsayed and Tokuda, 2023

Elsayed, Ayman Khamis, Ichita, Tadao & Tokuda, Makoto, 2023, Parampelomyia, another new gall midge genus (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with Vitaceae, with description of a new species developing in flower buds of the porcelain berry in Japan, Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81, pp. 165-177 : 165

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e86898
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2A63E431-28C1-4E00-97B5-ED782998CA96
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/720CCE21-416F-4B99-B995-F1615AEB9BDF
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:720CCE21-416F-4B99-B995-F1615AEB9BDF
treatment provided by	Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny by Pensoft
scientific name	Parampelomyia yukawai Elsayed and Tokuda, 2023
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

3.1.2. Parampelomyia yukawai Elsayed and Tokuda, 2023 View in CoL sp. nov.

Description and diagnosis.

Adult (Fig. 1C, D View Figure 1 ), head: Eyes separated on vertex by diameter of 0-1 facet, eye bridge 6-7 facets long (Fig. 2A View Figure 2 ). Antenna: female and male flagellomeres with 2 connected rings of circumfila (Fig. 2B, C View Figure 2 ). Frons with 14-28 setae and no scales (n = 8). Mouthparts (Fig. 2A, F View Figure 2 ): palpal segments consecutively longer, with setae and no scales, segment IV ends with few stout short setae; labral edges covered with dense microtrichia; labella setose. - Thorax: Scutum pigmented, with 4 longitudinal lines of setae, not reaching scutellum posteriorly; median lines with 2-3 rows of setae; lateral lines with sparse setae near midlength of scutum; scutellum not pigmented, with setae laterally (Figs 1C, D View Figure 1 , 4A View Figures 4 ). Anepimeral setae 16-21 (n = 9); mesanepisternal scales 17-27 (n = 8); and katepisternum bare. Empodia slightly longer than claws; pulvilli diminutive (Fig. 2H View Figure 2 ). Wing (Fig. 2I View Figure 2 ): 1.9-2.2 mm long in females (n = 6), 1.7-1.8 mm long in males (n = 2). - Female abdomen (Figs 3A, B View Figure 3 , 4A-E View Figures 4 ): Tergites I-VII rectangular, with anterior pair of trichoid sensilla; tergites I-VI with sparse scales, lateral setae; tergites I-VI with mostly 1 posterior row of setae; tergite VII with 2 posterior rows of setae; tergite VIII differentiated from remainder of tergum only by anterior pair of trichoid sensilla and light pigmentation, posterior margin ends with pair of barely visible dorsal lobes. Sternites II-VI with scattered setae and scales on the anterior half; sternites III-VII with anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, placed medially except on VII placed laterally; sternites II-V with 1-2 posterior rows of setae; sternites VI with 2-3 posterior rows of setae; sternite VII about 2.4 times as long as preceding and 2 times as long as tergite VII, mostly covered with setae. Ovipositor (Figs 3A, B View Figure 3 , 4A-E View Figures 4 ): protrusible portion about 4 times as long as sternite VII, dorsum of basal half portion more pigmented, distal half bent dorsoventrally (Figs 3A View Figure 3 , 4B-D View Figures 4 ), with fine sensoria without visible setae (Fig. 4E View Figures 4 ). - Male abdomen: Tergites I-VI as in female; tergite VII with anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, mostly bare medially except few scales, with lateral setae and scales, and 1 row of posterolateral setae; tergite VIII band like, with pair of trichoid sensilla (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 ). Sternites II-V as in female; sternites VI-VII as VI in female; sternite VIII with anterolateral pair of trichoid sensilla placed intersegmentally, covered with scattered setae. Terminalia (Fig. 5B-D View Figure 5 ): gonocoxite about 2.4 times as long as width; gonostylus about 1.5 times longer than wide, with long setae dorsally on distal half and short setae ventrally; ventral gonostylar tooth shorter and more sclerotized than dorsal tooth (Fig. 5B, C View Figure 5 ); each cercus with strong seta and few fine setae along distal edge; hypoproct (Fig. 5D View Figure 5 ) shorter than cerci, with short lobes separated by shallow notch, each lobe with 1 short seta; gonocoxal lobes about 0.3 as long as aedeagus; aedeagus longer than cerci. - Pupa: Each antennal base with tiny anteroventral sclerotized projection and 1 asetose antennal papilla situated dorsoapically. Face with 2 setose and 2 asetose frontal papillae and triplet lateral papillae on each side, 1 setose and 2 asetose (Fig. 6C View Figure 6 ). Prothoracic spiracle with trachea extending to tip, ca. 3.2 times as long as cephalic seta and length ca. 8.2 times as long as wide at base (Fig. 6D View Figure 6 ). Terga II-VIII with 3-4 horizontal rows of dorsal spines on anteromedian third (Fig. 6E View Figure 6 ). - Mature larva: Orange in life (Fig. 1B View Figure 1 ). Spatular lobes shallowly separated (Fig. 7A View Figure 7 ). Abdominal segment VIII with 2 dorsal papillae situated on mediodorsal lobe. Terminal segment with 2 large corniform papillae, 2 asetose papillae, and 6 setose papillae (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ).

Derivatio nominis.

It is our great pleasure to name this species in honor of the eminent emeritus professor Junichi Yukawa (Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University) on the occasion of his decoration with The Order of the Sacred Treasure (Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon) by the Emperor of Japan in 2022. Professor J. Yukawa has outstanding contributions to the understanding of biodiversity, systematics and ecology of gall midges including species associated with Vitaceae (e.g. Yukawa 1971, 1974; Yukawa and Ohsaki 1988; Yukawa and Masuda 1996; Yukawa and Tokuda 2021; Yukawa et al. 2003, 2016, 2020) as well as other arthropods (e.g. Ngakan and Yukawa 2020; Yukawa et al. 2007, 2019).

Life history and remarks.

Parampelomyia yukawai forms barely-swollen flower bud galls on A. brevipedunculata var. heterophylla ( Vitaceae ) (Fig. 1A, B View Figure 1 ). Galled flower buds remain unopened, and each gall consists of a single chamber containing a single larva (Fig. 1B View Figure 1 ). The corolla of galled flower bud dries and detaches after the mature larvae leave to overwinter in the ground in late August and early September. Larvae pupate in cocoons spun mostly from soil components (Fig. 6B View Figure 6 ). Parampelomyia yukawai has one generation per year, with adults emerging in the summer.

A similar sort of flower bud gall is known to be induced on the same host plant by Schizomyia uechii , but these galls are distinguishable from P. yukawai galls by their normal size and reddish corolla ( Elsayed et al. 2019b; K. Matsunaga, personal communication).

Distribution.

Japan: Hokkaido ( Yukawa and Masuda 1996; Yukawa and Sunose 1979) and Honshu (Aomori and Shiga Prefectures).

Material examined.

Holotype: JAPAN: Aomori Prefecture: 1 ♂, Nanatsutaki, Nakadomari, col. 29 Aug. 2020, A. Ichita leg., flower bud gall on Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. heterophylla ( Vitaceae ), em. 23 Apr. 2021 . Paratypes: JAPAN, all from flower bud galls on Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. heterophylla ( Vitaceae ) • Hokkaido- 7 mature larvae, Etanbetsu, Asahikawa City, col. 1 Aug. 2014, T. Minami, leg. • 1♀, same collection data as for preceding, em . 06 Jun. 2021 • Aomori Pref. - 1♂, 2♀♀ and 2 pupal exuviae, same collection data as for holotype, em . 21-29 Apr. 2021 • 1♂, 1♀ and 2 pupal exuviae, same type locality, col. 21 Aug. 2021, A. Ichita leg., em. 23 Apr.-02 May 2021 • 3 mature larvae, Minmaya, Sotogahama, col. 29 Aug. 2019, A. Ichita leg. • 3♀♀ and 2 pupal exuviae, same collection locality as for preceding, col . 27 Aug. 2019, A. Ichita leg. • Shiga Pref. - 1 mature larva, Omihachiman, Hachiman City, col. 6 Oct. 2020, A. Tominaga leg.