Euplocania, Enderlein, 1910

González-Obando, Ranulfo, García-Aldrete, Alfonso, Carrejo-Gironza, Nancy & Vinasco-Mondragón, Andrés Felipe, 2024, New Euplocania species (Psocodea: Ptiloneuridae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Nicaragua, amendments and addition to species groups, Zootaxa 5432 (3), pp. 398-410 : 399-401

Key for determination of Euplocania species groups and new species (Males)

(Adapted with modifications from Vinasco-Mondragon et al. (2022). Does not include E. marginata , E. maculata and E. wchipere since their males are unknown).

1. Hypandrium of five sclerites ( Fig. 24 ); forewing with a pigmented and slender marginal band from pterostigma to A 2, with two hyaline areas from R 2+3 to CuP, at each side of veins end; phallosome with five pair of endophallic sclerites (see Fig. 36 in Silva-Neto et al. 2019)................................................................ Group quinquedivisa

- Hypandrium of three or less sclerites ( Figs 25, 28, 31, 34, 39 ); forewing with or without a pigmented marginal band; phallosome with variable number of endophallic sclerites............................................................... 2

2. Central sclerite of the hypandrium with two posterior-lateral stout projections, these directed mesally and with a row of short spines along outer border ( Fig. 10 ); forewing with a pigmented sub-marginal band ( Fig. 7 )…… Group erwini ............ 3

- Central sclerite of the hypandrium with variable posterior-lateral projections, without posterior-lateral stout projections or these without a row of short spines along outer border ( Figs 26, 35 ); forewing with or without a pigmented sub-marginal band or sometimes almost hyaline............................................................................... 4

3. Hypandrium of three sclerites ( Fig. 10 ); mesal endophallic sclerites with a bulbous apical process and a pair of anterior endophallic sclerite with three acute processes directed inward and a distal row of spines on inner side, comb-shaped ( Fig. 11 ).......................................................................................................................................................................................... E. erwini n. sp.

- Hypandrium of one sclerite ( Fig. 16 ); mesal endophallic sclerite transverse, M-shaped, with ends posteriorly projected and apically forked; anterior endophallic sclerites, lengthwise, longer than wide, with numerous processes on internal edge ( Fig. 17 )....................................................................................... E. siona n. sp.

4. Hypandrium of one sclerite ( Figs 26, 29, 31 )................................................................ 5

- Hypandrium of three sclerites ( Figs 35, 36, 40 ), usually a medial one flanking by two smaller ones................... 12

5. Forewing almost hyaline, without a pigmented sub-marginal band from R 4+5 to cua cell ( Fig. 21 )...................... 6

- Forewing with a pigmented sub-marginal band (wide or forming arches at the end of each cell) from R 4+5 to cua cell or to base ( Figs 18, 19 )......................................................................................... 9

6. Pair of posterior projections of hypandrium strongly widened, each one with two short posterior processes, one external and one internal ( Fig. 27 ), internal with macrosetae basally. Anterior endophallic sclerite V-shaped................. Group ticuna

- Pair of posterior projections of hypandrium not widened as above; medial cleavage quadrate, V or U-shaped ( Figs 25, 26 ). Pair anterior endophallic sclerite not as above.................................................................. 7

7. Hypandrium with lateral processes large, triangular, and apices bent posteriorly ( Fig. 28 ); phallosome with each sclerite of its pair mesal sclerite is C-shaped and curved outwards.............................................. Group waorani

- Hypandrium with lateral processes not triangular, nor apically curved as above ( Figs 25, 26 ); phallosome with each sclerite of its pair mesal sclerite not C-shaped and curved outwards...................................................... 8

8. Hypandrium with medial cleavage quadrate or U-shaped ( Fig. 25 ).................................... Group cerata

- Hypandrium with medial cleavage V-shaped ( Fig. 26 )........................................ Group garcialdretei

9. Forewings with pterostigma angulate, lower angle extended toward Rs, broad pigmented marginal band from R 4+5 to cells cup and 1a-2a ( Fig. 1 ); hypandrium wide, with four posterior projections, two middle ones, long and slender or medially widened, distally pointed, and two side ones with posterior digitiform processes ( Figs 5 and 28 ); transverse mesal endophallic sclerite……….…… Group danubiana ................................................................... 10

- Forewing with straight or rounded pterostigma, doesn´t sinuous neither projected towards Rs ( Fig. 19 ), with a slender, submarginal pigmented band from R 4+5 to cell cu1, forming arches at the ends of cells r5, m1-m4 and cu1; hypandrium variable but different from above, mesal endophallic sclerite variable.................................................. 11

10. Hypandrium centrally with the two middle ones posterior projection wide and overlapping lengthwise, the lateral posterior projections, on each side of the median ones, widened and with four finger-like posterior processes ( Fig. 28 ); anterior endophallic sclerites relatively large and close mesally........................................... E. danubiana González et al.

- Hypandrium centrally with the two middle ones posterior projection less wide than in the above species and closely spaced, not overlapping lengthwise, the lateral posterior projections, on each side of the median ones, narrower than in the above and with two-three finger-like posterior processes ( Fig. 5 ); anterior endophallic sclerites small and widely separated ( Fig. 6 )............................................................................................ E. coyolarensis n. sp.

11. Hypandrium with medial posterior projection slender and big lateral projections outward directed and distally back curved ( Figs 30, 31 ); phallosome with endophallic sclerites markedly developed and projected, proximally wide; posterior endophallic sclerites present, if absents, mesal endophallic sclerite with process curved preapically and ventrally directed................................................................................................ Group bonaverensis

- Hypandrium with medial posterior projections wide, with distal teeth ( Fig. 29 ); phallosome with little anterior endophallic sclerites doesn’t projected posteriorly, posterior endophallic sclerites present or absent................. Group enderleini

12. Forewing with sinuous pterostigma, projected towards Rs ( Fig. 23 )............................................. 13

- Forewing with straight or rounded pterostigma, doesn´t sinuous neither projected towards Rs ( Fig. 19 )................ 14

13. Central sclerite of hypandrium with two median, slender, distally acuminate processes ( Fig. 32 )........... Group caliensis

- Central sclerite of the hypandrium with two postero-lateral processes often rounded, spinose or glabrous ( Fig. 33 )................................................................................................ Group amabilis

14. Forewings with rounded pterostigma, about 2.5 times as long as its greatest width ( Fig. 19 ); forewings veins setae, inserted in brown areolae; hypandrium central sclerite posteriorly with a central process, flanked by lateral processes.... Group patinoi

- Forewings with elongated pterostigma, more than 3.0 times longer than its greatest width ( Fig. 18 ); variable hypandrium central sclerite............................................................................................. 15

15. Forewings hyaline................................................................................... 16

- Forewings with a broad ( Figs 18, 20 ) or slender pigmented marginal band....................................... 18

16. Central sclerite of hypandrium with two central, slender or stout, elongate, posterior projections ( Fig. 33 ).............. 17

- Central sclerite of hypandrium with two lateral, slender, elongate, acuminate posterior processes, widely separated ( Fig. 34 ).................................................................................... Group guntherbuchi

17. Central sclerite of hypandrium with posterior process deeply concave, with each arm long, distally acuminate ( Fig. 36 )........................................................................................... Group zelayensis

- Central sclerite of hypandrium with two stout, median, crossing posterior processes ( Fig. 37 )............... Group reyesi

18. Central sclerite of hypandrium large, with two posterior projections ( Figs 38, 39 ); forewings with a broad pigmented marginal band, or forming arches at the end of each cell ( Figs 18, 22 ).................................................. 19

- Central sclerite of hypandrium, with four posterior projections ( Figs 35, 40 ); forewings with a slender, pigmented marginal band from R 4+5 to CuP-1A ( Fig. 21 )...................................................................... 20

19. Central sclerite of hypandrium with two stout lateral posterior processes, distally crossed, each bearing a mesal tooth on inner border, and a row of teeth distally along outer border ( Fig. 38 ); mesal endophallic sclerite with large concave anterior margin, posterior margin with central projection triangular................................................. Group laelsa

- Central sclerite of hypandrium with two median, close together, acuminate or distally widened posterior projections, located ventrally to a distally acuminate membranous projection median ( Fig. 39 ); mesal endophallic sclerite with straight to convex anterior margin, with two stout projections on posterior corners, posterior margin with inverted U-shaped..................................................................................................... Group uariniensis

20. Central sclerite of hypandrium with two lateral, long, slender acuminate posterior processes, and two median, shorter, acuminate posterior processes ( Fig. 35 ); mesal endophallic sclerites transverse, postero-mesal sclerite distally acuminate, each arm with a rounded protuberance proximally; forewings with pigmented marginal band from R 4+5 to areola postica ( Fig. 21 )................................................................................................. Group yalcona

- Central sclerite of hypandrium with four posterior projections, two large lateral and two small, median ( Fig. 40 ); mesal endophallic sclerites variable; forewing with slender marginal band from R 2+3 to cup cell............... Group daguensis

Figures

FIGURES 24–40. Hypandrium in Euplocania species. 24. E. quinquedivisa. 25. E. cerata. 26. E. garcialdretei. 27. E. ticuna 28. E. danubiana. 29. E. enderleini. 30. E. bonaverensis. 31. E. waorani. 32. E. caliensis. 33. E. vaupesiana. 34. E. guntherbuchi. 35. E. yalcona. 36. E. zelayensis 37. E. reyesi. 38. E. laelsa. 39. E. uariniensis. 40. E. daguensis. Redrawn from: Fig. 24. (Silva- Neto et al. 2019). Fig. 25 (New 1980), Fig. 26 (Gonzalez-Obando & Carrejo 2023). Figs 27, 31 (Vinasco-Mondragón et al. 2022). Figs 28, 30, 32, 34, 40 (Gonzalez et al. (2015). Fig. 29 (Gonzalez-Obando et al. (2018). Fig. 33 (Vinasco-Mondragón et al. 2018). Figs 35, 38 (Gonzalez-Obando et al. (2017). Fig. 36. (Garcia-Aldrete 2001). Fig. 37 (Garcia-Aldrete et al. 2013). Fig. 39. (Silva-Neto 2021).

FIGURES 7–11. Euplocania erwini n. sp. Male.7. Forewing. 8. Head (frontal view).9. Paraproct and epiproct. 10. Hypandrium. 11. Phallosome. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 12–17. Euplocania siona n. sp. Male. 12. Forewing. 13. Hindwing. 14. Head (frontal view). 15. Epiproct and paraproct. 16. Hypandrium. 17. Phallosome. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 18–23. Forewing of six Euplocania species. 18. E. guticortesorum. 19. E. rojasae. 20. E. caliensis. 21. E. yalcona. 22. E. laelsa. 23. E. garcialdretei. Redrawn from: Fig. 18 (Gonzalez-Obando et al. 2022), Fig. 19. (Gonzalez-Obando et al. 2018), Fig. 20. (Gonzalez-Obando et al. (2015), Figs 21, 22. Gonzalez-Obando et al. 2017. Fig. 23. Gonzalez-Obando & Carrejo-Gironza 2023.

FIGURES 1–6. Euplocania coyolarensis n. sp. Male. 1. Forewing. 2. Hindwing. 3. Head (frontal view). 4. Epiproct and paraproct. 5. Hypandrium. 6. Phallosome. Scales in mm.