Synagelides sancha, Wang & Li & Pham, 2023

Wang, Cheng, Li, Shuqiang & Pham, Dinh-Sac, 2023, Thirteen species of jumping spiders from northern Vietnam (Araneae, Salticidae), ZooKeys 1148, pp. 119-165 : 119

Synagelides sancha sp. nov.

Figs 20 , 21

Type material.

Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar44268), Vietnam: Vinh Phuc Province: Tam Dao National Park (21°31.50'N, 105°33.43'E, ca. 1060 m), 16.V.2007, D.S. Pham leg. Paratypes 7♀ (IZCAS-Ar44269-44275), same data as holotype; 1♂2♀ (IZCAS-Ar44276-44278), Tam Dao National Park (21°28.34'N, 105°38.09'E, ca. 1010 m), 19.IX.2007, same collector; 2♂2♀ (IZCAS-Ar44279-44282), Hai Phong Province: Cat Ba National Park (20°47.71'N, 107°01.23'E, ca. 130 m), 24.V.2007, same collector; 2♂2♀ (IZCAS-Ar44283-44286), Cat Ba National Park (20°48.26'N, 107°00.58'E, ca. 130 m), 27.VII.2007, same collector; 1♂2♀ (IZCAS-Ar44287-44289), Cat Ba National Park (20°48.08'N, 107°00.21'E, ca. 120 m), 27.VIII.2007, same collector; 3♀ (IZCAS-Ar44290-44292), Cat Ba National Park (20°46.59'N, 107°01.03'E, ca. 100 m), 26.IX.2007, same collector; 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar44293), Cat Ba National Park (20°48.08'N, 107°00.21'E, ca. 120 m), 23.I.2008, same collector.

Etymology.

The specific name comes from the Chinese pinyin san cha (trident) and refers to the trifurcate RTA; noun.

Diagnosis.

The male of Synagelides sancha sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the trifurcate RTA (Fig. 20B, C ), whereas it is bifurcated or lacking branches in other species ( Metzner 2023). The female of this new species resembles S. subgambosus Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 in having a similar epigyne, but it can be distinguished by the following: (1) the presence of a posterior epigynal hood (Fig. 21A, B ), which is lacking and instead replaced by an epigynal fold in the same position in S. subgambosus ( Wang et al. 2020: fig. 12A); (2) the visible parts of the accessory glands are shorter than 1/8 of the spermathecal width (Fig. 21C, D ), whereas they are ~ 2/3 of the spermathecal width in S. subgambosus ( Wang et al. 2020: fig. 12C).

Description.

Male (Figs 20 , 21E, F, H, I ). Total length 3.35. Carapace 1.63 long, 1.20 wide. Abdomen 1.71 long, 0.96 wide. Clypeus 0.03 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.44, ALE 0.25, PLE 0.20, AERW 1.20, PERW 1.19, EFL 0.96. Legs: I 4.43 (1.38, 1.33, 1.01, 0.43, 0.28), II 2.79 (0.83, 0.43, 0.65, 0.58, 0.30), III 2.84 (0.83, 0.40, 0.63, 0.68, 0.30), IV 3.68 (1.05, 0.50, 0.95, 0.88, 0.30). Carapace stippled, red-yellow to dark, with pair of longitudinal, mediolateral, dark stripes on anterior half of eye field, covered with white and brown setae; fovea oval, dark red. Chelicerae yellow, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Endites almost square, bearing dense setae on pale margins. Labium pale. Sternum almost shield-shaped. Legs yellow except femora I red-brown, with seven (2-2-2-1) and two ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum yellow to brown, with pair of pale yellow spots anteriorly, and large, irregular transverse patch medially; venter pale, with longitudinal dotted lines. Palp (Fig. 20A-E ): femur longer than wide, with triangular disto-prolateral apophysis; patella enlarged, ~ 1.4 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia short, with sub-triangular prolateral apophysis, disciform ventral apophysis, trifurcated retrolateral apophysis; cymbium longer than wide, with flat, baso-prolateral apophysis, irregularly-shaped dorsal apophysis, and short, blunt retrolateral apophysis; bulb swollen, with sperm duct extending along margin; embolus originates from antero-prolateral side of bulb, curved into a circle, acutely narrowed distally; MA elongated, retrolateral to embolus, bearing small tubercles distally.

Female (Fig. 21A-D, G ). Total length 3.71. Carapace 1.57 long, 1.17 wide. Abdomen 2.07 long, 1.02 wide. Clypeus 0.03 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.45, ALE 0.25, PLE 0.21, AERW 1.21, PERW 1.20, EFL 0.97. Legs: I 3.44 (1.05, 1.01, 0.75, 0.38, 0.25), II 2.54 (0.75, 0.40, 0.58, 0.53, 0.28), III 2.59 (0.70, 0.38, 0.58, 0.65, 0.28), IV 3.49 (0.93, 0.45, 0.93, 0.88, 0.30). Carapace similar to that of male except paler. Abdomen gray-brown, with pairs of antero-marginal and mediolateral white spots of setae, and irregularly-shaped, median pale patch. Epigyne (Fig. 21A-D ): wider than long, with broad, boat-shaped hood opening posteriorly; atria oval, occupying 2/3 of epigynal surface, separated by tapered median septum, with pair of arc-shaped lateral ridges; copulatory openings small, near the base of median septum, copulatory ducts very short, mostly hidden by spermathecae, with terminal accessory glands; spermathecae L-shaped, touching; fertilization ducts originate from anterior portions of the longitudinal parts of spermathecae, extending anterolaterally.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc and Hai Phong Provinces, Vietnam.

Figures

Figure 20. Male palp of Synagelides sancha sp. nov., holotype and paratype A holotype, prolateral B ditto, retrolateral C ditto, ventral D ditto, dorsal E paratype embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: DCA - dorsal cymbial apophysis; E - embolus; MA - median apophysis; PCA - prolateral cymbial apophysis; PTA - prolateral tibial apophysis; RCA - retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA - retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD - sperm duct; VTA - ventral tibial apophysis.

Figure 21. Synagelides sancha sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E holotype habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral G female paratype habitus, dorsal H holotype carapace, frontal I holotype leg I, prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: AG - accessory gland; AR - atrial ridge; CO - copulatory opening; FD - fertilization duct; MS - median septum; H - epigynal hood; S - spermatheca.