Goudotostes angelii, Ballerio, 2021

Ballerio, Alberto, 2021, The Ceratocanthinae of Madagascar and Comoro Islands: a revision of the genera Synarmostes and Goudotostes, and of the flightless Philharmostes, with description of 64 new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea, Hybosoridae), Fragmenta entomologica 53 (2), pp. 105-282 : 173-174

Goudotostes angelii sp. nov.

( Figs 61 a-f, 62 a-e, 77) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DB11A06B-0850-4C59-916C-7692AE18CA3B

Type series. Holotype, ♂, deposited in the collection of the Field Museum of Natural history, Chicago, IL, USA, labelled as follows: / Madagascar: Province de Fianarantsoa, R. S. de Ivohibe , 8 km E Ivohibe, 22° 29’ 0” S 46° 58’ 1” E, 1200 m, 3-9.XI.1997, FMNH #97-507 , montane rainforest, Winkler extraction, B. L. Fisher, 1753. Goudotostes angelii n. sp. det. A. Ballerio 2020 Holotypus ♂ / [distended, glued on card, dissected, male genitalia glued in DMHF resin on a separate card, same pin]. Paratypes: 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ (2 in FMNH and 1 in ABCB), same collecting data as holotype . 1 ♀ ( FMNH): Madagascar: Province de Fianarantsoa, R. S. de Ivohibe , 8 km NE Ivohibe, 22°25.3’ S 46° 53.9’ E, 1200 m, 3-9.XI.1997, FMHD#97-508, montane rainforest, pitfall, B.L. Fisher, 1754 /.

Diagnosis. Goudotostes angelii sp. nov. can be easily differentiated from all other species of Goudotostes by the following combination of characters: a) large size, b) dorsal ocular area present (although vestigial), c) pronotal anterior carina bilobate, d) pronotal basal carina bilobate, e) each elytron with one median longitudinal continuous carina occupying about three quarters of elytral length, f) aedeagus with invaginated right paramere. Because of the peculiar elytral carination, the only species with which Goudotostes angelii sp. nov. can be mistaken is Goudotostes elegans sp. nov., which however is smaller and which has monolobate basal and anterior pronotal carina and does not have a dorsal ocular area.

Description. Size: HL = 1.1 mm; HW = 1.5 mm; PL = 1.5 mm; PW = 2.6 mm; EL = 2.7 mm; EW = 2.5 mm. Overall morphology as in generic diagnosis. Large-sized Goudotostes . Body moderately convex. Black, shiny, dorsum with extremely short fine setation (50×), underside, tarsi and antennae dark reddish-brown, setation yellowish-brown. Head: W/L ratio = 1.47; clypeal apex obtuse, apical projection developed and sexually dimorphic, sides almost rectilinear apart from slightly unaligned genae; dorsal ocular area absent, genal canthus indistinct, ventral ocular area small-sized, genae acute, distinctly protruding outwards, genal suture indistinct; head dorsal surface with vertex covered by large impressed simple punctures becoming transversely comma-shaped on frons and clypeus, fore margin marked by some irregular transverse lines. Interpunctural distance of punctures equal to or inferior than punctural diameter. Frons bearing a transverse row of three weakly raised tubercles. Pronotum: subrectangular (dorsal view) (W/L ratio = 2.00), convex, fore angles broadly subtruncate; surface covered by short (longer near pronotal base) large impressed comma-shaped punctures becoming smaller horseshoe-shaped with opening directed outwards punctures at sides, each one bearing a fine setigerous pore inside, interpunctural distance inferior than punctural diameter; pronotal bead not appreciable at sides and base, visible only at fore margin; pronotal base distinctly raised in correspondence with scutellum, fringed with a row of short fine setae partly covering scutellar base; sculpturing made of large and raised tubercles and carinae as follows: posterior carina bilobate, disc with two raised tubercles, each side with two weakly raised transverse carinae, the inner one being longer and more raised than the outer one, which reaches the outer pronotal margin, anterior carina bilobate (lobes very close to each other). Surface of tubercles and carinae marked by some deep irregular impressed punctures. Scutellum : covered by sparse impressed comma-shaped punctures, apical third smooth. Elytra: longer than wide (W/L ratio = 0.86), subovoidal (dorsal view), moderately convex; inferior sutural stria visible complete; humeral callus marked by a tubecle; elytral surface covered by large horseshoe-shaped punctures with opening directed backwards and having a setigerous pore inside. Striated articular area hardly visible in lateral view, relatively narrow and short; marginal area large and protrudent outwards; elytral articular process well developed, smooth and shiny. Elytral sculpturing as follows: base with one weakly raised tubercle near apex of scutellum, next to it a larger humeral carina; elytral suture raised and cariniform apart from basal third; almost parallel to elytral suture and aligned with the tubercle near scutellar apex a slightly sinuated longitudinal carina with smooth edge, starting just after the tubercle and ending before elytral apical third; elytral sides with three irregular rows of longitudinal carinae, outer row with more raised carinae, inner rows with less raised carinae; elytral distal third with some weakly raised irregular tubercles. Wings: flightless. Male genitalia: aedeagus (L = 1.6 mm) with parameres as in Figs 62 a-d, spiculum gastrale (L = 1.5 mm) as in Fig. 62 e .

Etymology. Noun in the genitive case. Named after Nicola Angeli (MUSE, Trento, Italy), acknowledging his help with SEM photographs.

Distribution and habitat. Known only from the type locality. Collected by sifting litter and pitfall trapping in montane rainforest. For details on the collecting localities see under Synarmostes aes sp. nov..

Goudotostes antsahabensis n. sp.

( Figs 6 a , 44 a-j, 77) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8A735D49-4A9F-459D-B8AE-BBBDF9421BDB

Type series. Holotype, ♂, deposited in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA, labelled as follows: / CASTYPE 20262 / CASENT 8135969 / Madagascar: Antsiranana forêt de Antsahabe 11.4 km 275° W Daraina elev. 550m 12 December 2003 / 13° 12’ 42” S 049° 33’ 24” E California Acad. of Sciences collector: B. L. Fisher, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood) tropical dry forest BLF10116 / / Goudotostes antsahabensis n. sp. det. A. Ballerio 2020 Holotypus ♂ / [distended, glued on card, dissected, male genitalia glued in DMHF resin on a separate card, same pin]. Paratypes [2 ♂♂ dissected]: 5 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ (8 in CASC and 2 in ABCB), same collecting data as holotype .

Diagnosis. Goudotostes antsahabensis sp. nov. can be differentiated from all other species of Goudotostes by the following combination of characters: a) medium size, b) dorsal ocular area present (vestigial), c) head with a strong tubercle on clypeal disc, d) pronotal anterior carina monolobate, e) pronotal anterior carina obtusely triangular in frontal view, f) pronotal anterior carina raised and with a longitudinal sharp carina visible in dorsal view, g) pronotal basal carina monolobate, h) pronotum not saddle-shaped in lateral view, i) pronotal disc with gibbosities and lacking any distinct carinae and/or tubercles (apart from the monolobate anterior and posterior carinae), j) elytra with dense strongly raised tubercles and short longitudinal carinae (distinct interstriae cannot be seen among tubercles and carinae), k) aedeagus with a distinctive median lobe with hooked distal portion as in Fig. 44G . The species falls within the scabrosus group of species and can be differentiated by the other species of the group by the combination of characters b), c) h), j), and k).

Description. Size: HL = 1.1 mm; HW = 1.5 mm; PL = 1.5 mm; PW = 2.6 mm; EL = 2.7 mm; EW = 2.7 mm. Overall morphology as in generic diagnosis. Large-sized Goudotostes . Body strongly convex. Brown with slight metallic bronze/green sheen, especially on tubercles and carinae, dorsal setation fine and extremely short (50×), underside, tarsi and antennae dark reddish-brown, setation yellowish-brown. Head: W/L ratio = 1.50; clypeal apex obtuse, apical projection present and sexually dimorphic, sides almost rectilinear apart from slightly unaligned genae; dorsal ocular area present and small (vertigial), interocular distance about 32 times the maximum width of dorsal ocular area, genal canthus fused with occipital area of head, ventral ocular area small-sized, genae acute, distinctly protruding outwards, genal suture indistinct; head dorsal surface uniformly covered by large impressed simple punctures mixed to comma-shaped punctures, fore margin with some transverse lines, vertex with a short longitudinal rise in the middle, clypeus with a distinctly raised irregular large tubercle with surface covered by large deep simple punctures. Interpunctural distance inferior than punctural diameter (punctures almost adjacent to each other), interpunctural surface raised, giving an uneven appearance to head surface. Pronotum: subrectangular (dorsal view) (W/L ratio = 1.68), strongly convex and unevenly sculptured, base and sides broadly rounded, fore angles distinctly truncate; surface uniformly covered by dense deep large irregular simple punctures mixed to a few comma-shaped punctures, becoming horseshoe-shaped punctures at sides, each one bearing a short fine seta in the middle, punctation very deep, with interpunctural intervals raised and narrow (interpunctural distance inferior than punctural diameter, punctures almost adjacent to each other) giving a granulose appearance to surface; monolobate anterior carina weakly raised, portion raised having an inverted V- in frontal view and of a transverse short Y-shaped sharp carina in dorsal view, disc with a depression in the middle, sides of disc with one weakly raised rounded tubercle, next to tubercle two parallel transverse short sharp carinae reaching outer margin, another, monolobate posterior carina distinctly and irregularly raised, dorsally marked by an inverted T- shaped short sharp carina, margin in frontal view ondulate, with a central triangular rise. Pronotal bead complete and visible from above apart from base. Scutellum : base smooth, remaining surface covered by dense large transverse deep irregular comma-shaped punctures, each one bearing a setigerous puncture internally. Elytra: longer than wide (W/L ratio = 0.92), subovoidal (dorsal view), strongly convex; humeral callus indistinct; elytral surface uniformly covered by large deep horseshoe-shaped punctures with opening directed outwards, inwards and backwards, each one bearing a short fine seta internally; interpunctural distance inferior than punctural diameter; inferior sutural stria complete and deep; striated articular area hardly visible in lateral view, relatively narrow and short; marginal area medium-sized; elytral articular process developed, smooth and shiny, partly isolated from remaining elytral surface by a deep furrow bordering the sides of scutellum. Elytral sculpturing as follows: elytral suture marked by a longitudinal row of raised tubercles and short carinae (parasutural tubercle), base with one longitudinal short carina near apex of scutellum, next to it one longitudinal shorter carina, then anoth- er oblique carina which marks the humeral area (humeral tubercle), remaining elytral dorsal surface with irregularly and asymmetrically located raised tubercles and short carinae (distinct interstriae cannot be seen among tubercles and carinae), sides and apical portion of elytra with denser tubercles and short carinae. Wings: flightless. Male genitalia: aedeagus (L = 1.5 mm) with parameres as in Figs 44 g-j, spiculum gastrale (L = 1.4 mm) as in Fig. 44 f .

Etymology. Latin adjective in the nominative singular, meaning “from Antsahabe”. Named after the type locality.

Distribution and habitat. Known only from the type locality in Eastern Madagascar. The type series was collected by sifting leaf litter and rotten wood in tropical dry forest.The vegetation cover consists of “dry deciduous forest” (situated at low altitude and bordering the medium altitude moist evergreen forest, which grows at higher altitude on the Antsahabe massif, Goodman et al. 2018) also known as “Western dry forest” ( Moat & Smith 2007). The collecting locality represents a small forested massif situated in the south-western portion of the protected area “Paysage harmonieux protégé de Loki Manabato” (see below under G. rasoamananae sp. nov. for more details on the protected area).

Figures

Fig. 61 – Goudotostes angelii sp. nov., a, paratype. dorsal view of distended specimen; b, holotype, ventral view of rolled up specimen; c, holotype, dorsal view of rolled up specimen; d, holotype, ventral view of rolled up specimen; e, holotype, lateral view of rolled up specimen; f, female paratype, dorsal view of distended specimen.

Fig. 62 – Goudotostes angelii sp. nov., paratype. a–d, four views of aedeagus; e, spiculum gastrale.

Fig. 6 – Posterior view of elytral apex. a, Goudotostes antsahabensis sp. nov.; b, Goudotostes randrianirinai sp. nov.; c, Goudotostes phantasticus sp. nov.; d, Synarmostes sp.; e, Synarmostes sp.; f, Synarmostes separatus sp. nov.; g, Synarmostes tibialis; h, Philharmostes scapulatus sp. nov.; i, Pseudosynarmostes mitsinjo.

Fig. 44 – Goudotostes antsahabensis sp. nov., a, holotype, dorsal view of distended specimen; b, paratype, ventral view of rolled up specimen; c, paratype, dorsal view of rolled up specimen; d, paratype, lateral view of rolled up specimen; e, paratype, ventral view of rolled up specimen; f, holotype, spiculum gastrale; g–j, holotype, four views of aedeagus.