Urtica thunbergiana Sieb. & Zucc. (1846: 214) subsp. thunbergiana

Becker, Karin, Grosse-Veldmann, Bernadette & Weigend, Maximilian, 2017, Weeding the nettles V: Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of the eastern Asian species Urtica thunbergiana Sieb. & Zucc. (Urticaceae), Phytotaxa 323 (3), pp. 201-216 : 207

1.1 Urtica thunbergiana Sieb. & Zucc. (1846: 214) subsp. thunbergiana . Fig. 2

Type:—[ JAPAN] Japonia, 1842, Herbarium Zuccarinii, P.F. von Siebold s.n. (lectotype (here designated) M!). Syntypes:—[ JAPAN] Japonia, Herbarium Regium Monacense, H. Bürger s.n. (M!) ; Japonia, Herbarium Zuccarinii, 1843, P.F. von Siebold s.n. (M!).

= Urtica cyanescens Kom. (1936: 714) . ≡ Urtica laetevirens Maxim. subsp. cyanescens (Kom.) C.J. Chen (1983: 115) . Type:— 12 Jun. 1913, Komarov s.n. (lectotype (here designated) LE!)

= Urtica laetevirens Maxim. (1876: 236) . Type:—[ JAPAN] Japonia, Hakodate, 1861, Maximowicz s.n. (lectotype (here designated) K! (K-000694837). Syntypes:—[ JAPAN] Japonia, Hakodate, 1861, Maximowicz s.n. (FI! (FI-4444 38), NY! (NY_00284488), P! (P_ 06855912), P! (P_06855918), L! (L_1629729).

= Urtica macrorrhiza Hand. -Mazz. (1929: 115). Type: [ China] Yunnan: On the eastern flank of the Tali Range, May–Jul. 1906, G. Forrest 4671 (holotype K! (K_000694841!)).

Leaves coarsely (bi-)serrate to lobulate, teeth oblong and pointed, occasionally each large tooth with one small tooth, ca. 1 mm long, on each side (one or both of the small teeth may be missing on some large teeth); leaf indumentum of few stinging hairs with pluricellular base 1.0– 2.5 mm long overall, setae 0.8–2.4 mm (stinging hairs on the upper surface often shorter than on the lower surface, especially the pluricellular base on the upper surface is often conspicuously shorter than on the lower surface); stem indumentum of few stinging hairs with pluricellular base 1.0–3.0 mm long overall, setae 0.8–2.8 mm.

Distribution and Habitat: — U. thunbergiana subsp. thunbergiana is widespread in eastern Asia and is here reported from China, Japan, Korea and eastern Russia. The subspecies occurs on roadsides, in the understory of forests growing in rich and moist soil, near streams, and is usually found at intermediate and high elevations.

Phenology:— U. thunbergiana subsp. thunbergiana flowers throughout the year.

Conservation status: —Using IUCN criteria ( IUCN 2016), we propose an IUCN red list category of “Least Concern” (LC) for Urtica thunbergiana Sieb. & Zucc. subsp. thunbergiana because of the wide distribution of the taxon.

Representative specimens:— CHINA. Guizhou: 22 May1902, M.Cavalerie 1296 (P_06750070!) ; Heilongjiang: Raohe , 10 Sep. 1952, G. Wang s.n. (IFP_03906004x0001!) ; Raohe , 10 Sep. 1952, G. Wang s.n. (IFP_03906004x0002!) ; Yichun, Cuiluan , in the forest, 10 Apr. 1950, S. Liu & Y. Zang s.n. (IFP_03906004x0003! & IFP_03906004x0004) ; Yichun, Dailing , hillside, roadside, 25 Jul. 1954, S. Liu 6052 (IFP_03906004x0005! & IFP_03906004x0006!) ; Yichun, East Mountain near Yichun Wuying , in a Korean pine forest, 03. Aug. 1956, S. Liu et al. 7898 (IFP_03906004x0008!) ; Yichun, Min River , 1935, S. Liu et al. s.n. (IFP_03906004x0009!) ; Yichun, the fifth battalion, east mountain, Korean pine forest, 03 Aug. 1966, S. Liu et al. 7898 (IFP_03906004x0007!) ; Henan: Xinxiang, Funiu Mountain, Wetland in a valley, 08. Aug. 1956, L. Shen 0012 (HENU_0010822!) ; Jilin: Hillside in the forest, 14 Sep. 1959, Collector unknown (IFP_03906004x0010!) ; Manchuria [nowadays: Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and the northern part of Inner Mongolia]: W Manchuria, D. Litvinov 2161 (HUH!) ; NE Manchuria, D. Litvinov 2690 (HUH!); N Manchuria, B.V. Skvortzov s.n. (HUH!); Korea Septentrionalis, Districtus Oze-song , 27 Aug. 1897, Komaòv 513 (P_06855913!) ;

Shanxi: Heshun, Yangqu Mountain , Aug. 1985, T. Liu & Z. Zeng 21 (MO_04730599!) ; Yuanqu, Tongshan, Longmiaogou , margin of woods, 11 Jul. 1984, Yellow Plateau Team 02174 (MO_04755586!) ; Sichuan: Nanchang, Shikong , around stony wall, Liang-ho-kup, Jul.–Aug. 1939, S.Y. Hu 1464 (HUH_00278052!) ; Nanping, Jiuzhaigou , under some Picea , 2300 m, 26 Sep. 1986, Z. Wu et al. 986 (KUN_0524936!) ; West of Wen-chuan Hsien , road side, 2500 m, 2 Apr. 1930, F.T. Wang 21118 (HUH_00278019!) ; Sikang [nowadays: eastern Tibet & western Sichuan]: Djer-mai , Tsa-wa-rung, under forest, 3200 m, Aug. 1935, C.W. Wang 65689 (HUH_00278007!) ; Xinjiang: Fukang Xian, Tian Shan , in vicinity of Hainan , S of Tianchi lake, 1910 m, 43°52’7’’N, 88°8’44’’E, Picea forest and open slopes, 21 Jul. 2001, B. Bartholomew 8567 (MO_5724302!) ; Yunnan: Tali Range, Lat. 25°40’N, Alt. 2133–2743 m, May–Jul. 1906, G. Forrest 4671 (K_000694840! & K_000694841!) ; 19 Jun. 1887, M. Delavay 2839 (P_06749814!); 1934, H.T. Tsai 51409 (HUH_00278004!); Bai-mar-shan, A-tun-tze, ravine, 2500 m, Sep. 1935, C.W. Wang 69792 (HUH_00278024!); M. Delavay 2839 (P_06822169!); O-shan Hsien , by stream, 1650 m, 09 Jun. 1933, H.T. Tsai 53485 (HUH_00278013!) ; Ping-pien Hsien , on road side, 1200 m, 17 May 1934, H.T. Tsai 55162 (HUH_00278021!) ; plaine de Za-Kou, 2400 m, Jun., E.E. Maire s.n. (P_06750042! & P_06750052!);— JAPAN. 1842, Siebold s.n. (M!) ; 1843, Siebold s.n. (M!) ; Bürger & Siebold s.n. (M!); Siebold s.n. (L_0175969!) ; Hakodate: 1861, Maximowicz s.n. (FI_444438! & K_000694837! & L_1629729! & NY_00284488! & P_06855912! & P_06855918!) ; Hokkaido: Hidaka, Shizunai-co. ca 14 km. ENE of Shizunai, off highway 235, mixed deciduous streamside forest along tributary of Shizunai River , 19 Aug. 1977, D.E. Boufford & E.E. Wood 19684 (MO_4019140!) ; Ikahe in Kotsuke , 06 Sep. 1950, J. Ohwi 83 (P_06855930! & MO_1617896!) ; Ikahe in Kotsuke , 06 Sep. 1950, J. Ohwi 84 (L_1629481!) ; Aizawa foot of Mt. Arafuna, Nishimoku-mura , Shimonita-machi , Kita-kamra-gun, 03 Sep. 1956, M. Furuse 31561 (PE_ 00097330!) ; Kuasawa Oku-tama-choo, Nishi-tama-gun, Tokyo-to , 13 Aug. 1971, M. Furuse 50546 (PE_00097340!) ; Mt. Kiyo-sumi, Amatsu-kominato-choo, Awa-gun , 383 m, 31 Oct. 1967, M. Furuse 46162 (PE_00096844!) ; Hondo: Shidzuoka, about Suzaki Shimoda-choo Kamo-gun , 14 Nov. 1969, Furuse 48570 (PE_0097339!) ; Shidzuoka, Suzaki Shimoda-choo Kamo-gun , 14 Nov. 1969, M. Furuse 48570 (PE_00097339!) ; Honshu: Kyoto-pref.: Mt. Ponpon-yama , Oharano-Ishidzukuri-cho, Ni-shigyo-ku, Kyoto-shi , 430 m alt., 25 Sep. 1997, S. Tsugaru & T. Takahashi 25630 (MO_ 04940294!) ; Mt. Kiyosumi, Boso-pen. Prefecture Chiba, Hondo, N.Lat.: 35°09’, E.Long.: 140°09’, in forest, 17 Oct. 1938, S. Suzuki 250 (HUH!) ; Pref. Shizuoka: The Shiraitonotaki Fall, Kami-ide , Fujinomiya city, ca. 500 m alt., moist weedy place, in the basin of waterfall, 28 Oct. 1976, F. Kanta, E. Hayakawa & Y. Ishida 11690 (HUH!) ; Sagami , 4 May 1934, K. Shiota 7952 (HUH!) ; Kanagawa: Yokohama, 1862, Maximowicz s.n. (K_06855931! & K_000694839!) ; Yokosuka, in Lepibus, 1866–1871, Savatier 1120 (P_06822174! & P_06855927! & P_06855928! & P_06855934!) ; Kumamoto: Nakamatsu-staion near Hakusui-son, Aso-gun , 420 m, 17 Sep. 1984, M. Furuse 52942 (PE_00097341!) ; Musashi [nowadays mainly parts from Tokio und Saitama]: Mt. Mitake , 19 Jul. 1932, Collector unknown (KUN_ 0523753!) ; Tsubakuro-iwa, Mt. Temso-zan Nippara Hikawa-machi, Nishi-tama-gun, Tokyo-to , Hondo , about 1100 m, by forest, 15 Jul. 1958, M. Furuse s.n. (HUH!) ; Tokyo: 27 Sep. 1913, T. Makino 119445 (L_1629483!) ; Without legible locality: Oct. 1898, Collector not legible (MO_3535031!) ;— KOREA. Without legible locality information, 28 Sep. 1906, M. Faurie 912 (P_06750066!) ;— RUSSIA. Far East: The pass Suputinka , Maikhe , Novo-Khotunichi village , mixed forest at the ridge in the South Ussuri territory 12 Jun. 1913 [jul. Calender], Komarov 201 (2 x LE!) ; The pass Suputinka, Maikhe , Novo-Khotunichi village , mixed forest at the ridge in the South Ussuri territory 13 Jun. 1913 [jul. Calender], Komarov 201 (LE!) ; Primorja: In viciniis opp. Ussurijsk , in valle fl. Komarovka , silva mixta, 12 Jul. 1986, P. Gorovoi, E. Boyko & N. Ustimenko 6868 (HUH!) ; In viciniis opp. Ussurijsk, in valle fl. Komarovka , silva mixta, 12 Jul. 1968, P. Gorovoi, E. Boyko & N. Ustimenko 1990 (P_06821123!) ;— Unidentified localities: Drake 25 (P_06855933!) ; 13 Jun. 1913, Komarov s.n. (LE!); Collector not legible (P_06855932!)

Figures

FIGURE 2. Urtica thunbergiana subsp. thunbergiana: A. Habit (J. Ohwi 83), B. Node with fused stipules (Shiota 7952), C. Node with free stipules (Wang 21118), D. Male inflorescences (P_06855932), E. Female inflorescences (J. Ohwi 83), F. Regularly dentate leaf (Boufford & Wood 19684), G. Doubly dentate leaf (Tsugaru & Takahashi 25630), H. Infructescence (MO_3535031). Scale bars: A = 5 cm; B–H = 1 cm.