Pholcus zhuchuandiani Yao & Li

Dong, Tingting, Zheng, Guo, Yao, Zhiyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2016, Fifteen new species of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Southeast Asia, Zootaxa 4136 (2), pp. 201-246 : 227-230

Pholcus zhuchuandiani Yao & Li sp. nov.

Figs 19–20 , 31 E–F

Type material. Holotype: male, Camp of Internation Timber Corp. of Indonesia (01°05.292′S, 116°41.094′E, elevation 64 m), Penajam, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, 16 August 2014, H. Zhao and Z. Yao leg. Paratypes: 1 male and 1 female, same data as holotype.

Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of the late Professor Chuandian Zhu for his contribution on taxonomy of spiders from China; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. This species resembles P. halabala Huber, 2011 (see Huber 2011: 128, figs 495–496, 517–518, 530–535), P. s e pa k u (see Huber 2011: 131, fig. 536) and P. lintang Huber, 2016 (see Huber et al. 2016: 13, figs 11– 12, 34–38, 93–95) in having similar male chelicerae ( Fig. 20 D), uncus, appendix ( Fig. 20 C), and female genetalia ( Figs. 20 A–B) but can be distinguished by the presence of a sclerotized, angular prolateral apophysis subdistally on the procursus (arrow in Fig. 19 C). This species also resembles P. anaiensis sp. nov. ( Figs 11–12 ) in having similar male chelicerae ( Fig. 20 D) and uncus ( Fig. 20 C) but can be distinguished by a distally blunt appendix ( Fig. 20 C) and the presence of a sclerotized, angular prolateral apophysis subdistally on the procursus (arrow in Fig. 19 C).

Description. Male (holotype): Total length 3.84 (4.04 with clypeus), carapace 1.03 long, 1.13 wide, opisthosoma 2.81 long, 0.75 wide. Leg I: 33.82 (6.73 + 0.48 + 8.85 + 16.67 + 1.09), leg II: 22.39 (6.09 + 0.48 + 5.64 +9.29 + 0.89), leg III: 13.66 (4.10 + 0.42 + 3.32 + 5.13 + 0.69), leg IV: 19.87 (6.09 + 0.42 + 4.68 + 7.82 + 0.86); tibia I L/d: 80. Distance PME-PME 0.33; diameter PME 0.11; distance PME-ALE 0.04; distance AME- AME 0.05; diameter AME 0.05. Sternum wider than long (0.75/0.56). Habitus as in Figs 20 E–F. Carapace yellowish, with brown radiating marks; ocular area yellowish; clypeus and sternum yellowish. Legs yellowish, patellae yellow, distal parts of tibiae and proximal parts of metatarsi brown, darker rings absent. Opisthosoma pale grey, with dark brown and whitish spots dorsally and laterally. Ocular area elevated; each eye triad on top of a short, laterally directed eye-stalk, with a bunch of short macrosetae between PME ( Fig. 31 E). Thoracic furrow absent. Chelicerae as in Fig. 20 D, with a pair of weakly sclerotized proximolateral apophyses, a pair of black distal apophyses with two teeth each, and a pair of frontal apophyses. Pedipalps as in Figs 19 A–B; trochanter with a long ventral apophysis; femur with a dorsal apophysis proximally and distinct ventral modification; procursus with a large dorsal flap medially and a sclerotized, angular prolateral apophysis subdistally (arrow in Fig. 19 C); uncus with scales; appendix ( Fig. 20 D) bent with scales, embolus weakly sclerotized with some transparent projections distally. Retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia I at 7.1%; legs with short vertical setae on tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi; without spines and curved seate; tarsus I with approximately 17 distinct pseudosegments.

Female: Similar to male, habitus as in Figs 20 G–H. 4.00 (4.34 with clypeus), carapace 0.96 long, 1.06 wide, opisthosoma 3.04 long, 1.26 wide; tibia I: 6.86; tibia I L/d: 64. Sternum wider than long (0.71/0.59). Distance PME-PME 0.24; diameter PME 0.09; distance PME-ALE 0.05; distance AME-AME 0.05; diameter AME 0.06. Sternum with brown marks posteriorly. Ocular area without eye-stalks and bunch of short macrosetae ( Fig. 31 F). External genitalia ( Fig. 20 A) with a small, nearly transparent knob. Vulva ( Fig. 20 B) with a sclerotized anterior arch and two nearly oval pore plates.

Distribution. Indonesia (East Kalimantan, type locality; Fig. 32 ).

Natural history. The species was found on the underside of leaves.

Figures

FIGURE 11. Pholcus anaiensis sp. nov., holotype male. A – B. Pedipalp (A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view); C – D. Distal part of procursus (C. Prolateral view, arrow points at pointed dorsal flap medially on procursus; D. Retrolateral view). a = appendix, b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A – B), 0.03 (C – D).

FIGURE 12. Pholcus anaiensis sp. nov., holotype male. A. Bulbal apophyses, prolateral view; B. Chelicerae, frontal view; C – E. Habitus (C. Dorsal view; D. Ventral view; E. Lateral view). a = appendix, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.03 (A), 0.05 (B), 0.50 (C – E).

FIGURE 19. Pholcus zhuchuandiani sp. nov., holotype male. A – B. Pedipalp (A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view); C – D. Distal part of procursus (C. Prolateral view, arrow points at sclerotized prolateral apophysis; D. Retrolateral view). a = appendix, b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A – B), 0.03 (C – D).

FIGURE 20. Pholcus zhuchuandiani sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A – B, G – H). A. External genitalia, ventral view, arrow points at knob; B. Vulva, dorsal view; C. Bulbal apophyses, prolateral view; D. Chelicerae, frontal view; E – H. Habitus (E, G. Dorsal view; F, H. Ventral view). a = appendix, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.05 (A – C), 0.10 (D), 0.50 (E – H).

FIGURE 31. Male and female ocular area, frontal view. A – B. Pholcus tharnlodensis sp. nov., holotype male (A) and paratype female (B). C – D. P. hinsonensis sp. nov., holotype male (C) and paratype female (D). E – F. P. zhuchuandiani sp. nov., holotype male (E) and paratype female (F). Scale bars: 0.10 (A – F).

FIGURE 32. Distribution records of new Pholcus species from Southeast Asia. ® Pholcus anaiensis sp. nov.; P. ballarini sp. nov.; P. cenranaensis sp. nov.; P. chiangmaiensis sp. nov.; P. gou sp. nov.; © P. hinsonensis sp. nov.; P. kaebyaiensis sp. nov.; P. kottawagamaensis sp. nov.; P. krachensis sp. nov.; P. musensis sp. nov.; © P. songkhonensis sp. nov.; ® P. taptaoensis sp. nov.; © P. tharnlodensis sp. nov.; ® P. w a n sp. nov.; ® P. zhuchuandiani sp. nov.