Rumex arifolius, All.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1964, Flora Europaea - Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press : 84

11. R. arifolius All. , Mélang. Philos. Math. Soc. Roy. Turin (Mise. Taur.) 5: 94 (1774)

( R. montanus Desf. ).

Stems (10—)50—120 cm, with numerous cauline leaves. Basal leaves ovate, about twice as long as wide, cordate at the base, with short, truncate, rounded or acuminate basal lobes. Ochreae more or less entire. Panicle lax, with flexuous branches, the lower sometimes branched. Valves 3 - 3-4- 5 mm long and wide. Nut 2-5-3 mm, usually yellowish-grey (rarely brown), dull. 2« = 14 ($), 15 (d). Meadows, mainly in the mountains. From Iceland to Poland and the Balkan peninsula. Au Bu Co Cz Fa Ga Ge Gr He Is It Ju?Lu?No Po Rm?Rs (N)?Sa?Su.

Very distinct in C. Europe from 14 and other related species, but much less so in the north and south.

The plant described as R. acetosa subsp. lapponicus Hiitonen , Suomen Kasvio 298 (1933) appears to be related to 11 and to replace it in Fennoscandia. It is of more slender habit, with fewer nodes, often smaller and more rounded leaves, and a very lax panicle.

R. fontano-paludosus Kalela , Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool.-Bot. Fenn. Vanamo 14 (2): 11 (1940), which grows in wet places in E. Finland and Russia, is like 11 but with a long, slender vertical stock; slender, very slightly furrowed stem; small, thick leaves with short basal lobes; inflorescence with few branches; and valves up to 6 mm. It may, perhaps, be an eastern ecotype of R. acetosa subsp. lapponicus Hiitonen.