Dendroleon regius ( Navás, 1914 ), Navas

Zheng, Yuchen, Hayashi, Fumio & Liu, Xingyue, 2022, Taxonomic notes on the antlion genus Dendroleon Brauer, 1866 (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Dendroleontinae) from China, with description of a new species and a newly recorded species, Zootaxa 5099 (3), pp. 344-354 : 349-351

Dendroleon regius ( Navás, 1914) ḄẆḎae

( Figs 1B , 4 , 5 , 6 )

Borbon regius Navás, 1914: 112 (type locality: “ Sikkim Darjeeling” = [ India: Sikkim or Darjeeling]; holotype in NHMW). Markl, 1954: 199 (Borbon). Stange, 1976: 295 ( Dendroleon ). Ghosh & Sen, 1977: 303 (Borbon). Ghosh, 2000: 77 ( Dendroleon ). Stange, 2004: 86 ( Dendroleon ).

Dendroleon sumatranus Banks, 1918: 16 (type locality: “Medan, Doloc Baros Estate, Sumatra ” = [ Indonesia: Sumatra Utara, Medan]; holotype in MCZ). Banks, 1931: 389 ( Hagenomyia ). Synonymized by Stange, 1976: 296.

Diagnosis. Body yellowish brown with some black and dark brown markings. Vertex yellowish brown with some short setae and with some indistinct brownish markings ( Fig. 4A ). Frons generally yellowish brown, medially with a dark brown marking ( Fig. 4B ). Distal segment of labial palpus fusiform and pale brown ( Fig. 4B ). Pronotal marking absent. Mesoprescutum anteriorly with a pair of black markings and posteriorly with a pair of small black markings. Mesonotum anteriorly with a pair of small dark brown markings and laterally with a pair of black markings. Mesoscutellum yellowish brown. Wings with many dark brown and brown spots ( Fig. 4A ). Forewing radial area anteromedially with many dark brown and brown spots, posteriorly with a distinct ovoid dark brown marking and an indistinct transversal brown marking ( Fig. 5 ); mediocubital area posteriorly with three abreast brown spots; rhegma present as a brown spot, surrounded by indistinct spots and marginal marking. Hindwing radial area with three dark brown spots, distal one largest ( Fig. 5 ); rhegma present as a dark brown spot fused or not fused with marginal marking. Abdomen generally yellowish brown. Male gonocoxites 9 fusiform, scaly in ventral view, truncate in lateral view; gonocoxites 11 arched, medially prominent in ventral view ( Fig. 4E–I ).

Re-description. Size. Head width: 2.54 mm; forewing length: 28.36 mm; hindwing length: 28.16 mm.

Head. Vertex raised, yellowish brown with some short setae and with some indistinct brownish markings ( Fig. 4A ). Antennae nearly three times as long as pronotum. Scape and pedicel generally dark brown; each segment of non-intumescent flagellomeres dark brown anteromedially and pale posteriorly; intumescent flagellum black. Frons generally yellowish brown, medially with a dark brown marking ( Fig. 4B ). Clypeus yellowish brown with a few setae. Labrum yellowish brown. Maxillary palpus pale brown, with tip darker. Labial palpus pale brown, distal segment fusiform ( Fig. 4B ). Mandibles yellowish brown with distal half dark reddish brown.

Thorax. Yellowish brown, with dark markings. Pronotum longer than wide, with many long setae, pronotal marking absent ( Fig. 4A ). Mesoprescutum anteriorly with a pair of black markings and posteriorly with a pair of small black markings; mesonotum anteriorly with a pair of small dark brown markings and laterally with a pair of black markings; mesoscutellum yellowish brown. Metanotum anteriorly with a pair of indistinct brown markings, laterally with a pair of dark brown markings and medially with a dark brown marking; metascutellum yellowish brown. Pleurae with two large black markings. Meso- and metasterna yellowish brown.

Legs. Long and slender, with many short black setae. All tibial spurs pale yellow, barely curved; tarsomeres 1–2 generally brown, tarsomeres 3–5 generally dark brown, tarsomere 5 as long as entire length of tarsomeres 2–4; pretarsal claws slightly curved, protruded basally. Foreleg: Coxa pale brown, with an indistinct brown marking; femur with two to four long setae, yellowish brown basally, distal half dark brown; tibia basally and distally yellowish brown, but medially dark brown; tibial spurs reaching base of tarsomere 3. Midleg: Coxa pale brown, with an indistinct brown marking; femur with six long setae, yellowish brown basally, other parts black; tibia generally dark brown; tibial spurs reaching base of tarsomere 3. Hind leg: Coxa pale brown, with an indistinct brown marking; femur yellowish brown, with a dark brown marking ventrally, black distally; tibia yellowish brown, black distally; tibial spurs reaching tip of tarsomere 2; tarsomere 1 longer than that of fore- and midleg.

Wings. ( Fig. 5 ) Long, distally rounded, with many dark brown and brown spots. Anterior Banksian line present. Male pilula axillaris present. Pterostigma pale. Forewing as nearly long as hindwing. Forewing costal space mostly transparent, with a brown marking proximad pterostigma; subcostal area with a series of discontinuous dark brown markings; poststigmal area with a dark brown marking and one to two brown marginal markings; radial area anteromedially with many dark brown and brown spots, posteriorly with a distinct ovoid dark brown marking and an indistinct transversal brown marking; presectoral area with two dark brown spots; mediocubital area anteriorly with a series of small dark brown spots and posteriorly with three to four abreast brown spots; rhegma present as a brown spot, surrounded by indistinct spots and marginal marking; prefork area with five to six dark brown spots; posterior area with four dark brown spots; cubital area basally with two dark brown spots and posteromedially with many indistinct brownish spots; costal crossveins mostly simple; three presectoral crossveins present, sometimes with three biareolate cells; RP with 10 to 11 branches; RP origin well before MP fork, about 10 to 11 crossveins apart. Hindwing poststigmal area with a large brown spot fused with marginal marking; radial area with three dark brown spots, distal one largest; rhegma present as a dark brown spot fused or not fused with marginal marking; mediocubital area with an indistinct brownish marking; costal crossvein mostly simple; one presectoral crossveins present; RP origin well proximad MP fork.

Abdomen. Generally yellowish brown. Male genitalia. Sternum 9 short, rectangular, with some long setae. Tergum 9 slender, nearly trapezoidal ( Fig. 4C–D ). Gonocoxites 9 fusiform, scaly, apex strong sclerotized in ventral view, truncate in lateral view. Gonocoxites+gonostyli 11 arched in ventral view; gonostyli 11 prominent in ventral view. Ectoproct rounded in lateral view, with many long setae ( Fig. 4E–I ). Female genitalia. Unknown.

Type material. Holotype ♀, “ Sikkim Darjeeling, Fruhstorfer” (= INDIA: Sikkim or West Bengal ( Darjeeling )) ( NHMW).

Additional material examined. 1♂, CHINA: Yunnan, Honghe , Lvchun County [Ḥƌ县], Mt. Huanglianshan National Nature Reserve [WK山Oiỵaeh然保护区], Qimaba Township [NJḢ坝乡], 900 m, 11. VI .2013, Jie Zhang ( CAU) . 1♀ (holotype of Dendroleon sumatranus Banks, 1918 ), “Medan, Doloc Baros Estate, Sumatra ” (= INDONESIA: Sumatra Utara , Medan) ( MCZ) .

Distribution. China (Yunnan); India (Sikkim or West Bengal); Indonesia (Sumatera Utara).

Remarks. Compared with other species of Dendroleon , D. regius is characterized by the body generally yellowish brown with a few dark markings and the wings with dense distinct spots. D. regius is only known from three records widely scattered across the Oriental region.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitus. A. Dendroleon laiyanae sp. nov., holotype male; B. D. regius (Navás, 1914), male.

FIGURE 4. Dendroleon regius (Navás, 1914). A. Head and thorax, dorsal view, male; B. head, frontal view, male; male terminalia: C. ventral view; D. lateral view; male genitalia: E. ventral view; F. anteroventral view; G. lateral view; H. caudal view; I. dorsal view.

FIGURE 5. Dendroleon regius, male, habitus.

FIGURE 6. Dendroleon regius, holotype male (photo by Harald Bruckner).