Semiaquilegia quelpaertensis D.C. Son & K. Lee, 2017
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.21004 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/12843768-7762-5D5D-98A1-2E8D8867111F |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Semiaquilegia quelpaertensis D.C. Son & K. Lee |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Semiaquilegia quelpaertensis D.C. Son & K. Lee sp. nov. Figs 1 View Figure 1 , 2 View Figure 2
Diagnosis.
Semiaquilegia quelpaertensis is most similar to S. adoxoides in general vegetative and floral morphology, but obviously differs from the latter by the shallowly lobed leaflets, larger flowers, (4-)6 staminodes and conspicuously rugose tuberculate seed surface (Table 1 View Table 1 ).
Type.
KOREA. Prov. Jeju-do, Jeju-si, Eoseungsaengak, Hallasan National Park , elevation 815 m, 33.4026818°N, 126.4954984°E, 18 April 2017, K.H. Lee 0300 (holotype KH-1543063!; isotype, 1 sheet, KH-1543065!) GoogleMaps .
Description.
Herbs perennial, 15-25 cm tall. Roots thin and fibrous. Underground stem tuberous, oblong, 3-5 cm long, 0.6-1 cm in diameter, light brown. Aerial stems erect, villose, apically branched. Basal leaves spirally-alternate, congested on a basal rosette, persistent in mature individuals, several, 1-ternately compound, glabrous, sheathed; petiole 6-12 cm long, villose; leaflets ovate to triangular ovate, 2.0-3.5 cm long, 2.0-3.5 cm wide, 3-parted, segments 2- or 3-lobed. Cauline leaves spirally-alternate, distributed along the stem, 1-2, shortly petiolate or sessile, similar to basal leaves but smaller. Inflorescence monochasial cymes, 2-5-flowered; bracts entire, 3-lobed, 3-5 mm long, oblanceolate to obovate; bracteoles 2, 2-3 mm long, oblanceolate. Flowers actinomorphic, 8-10 mm in diameter, pendulous; pedicel slender, 0.8-2.5 cm long, villose with patent hairs, intermixed with glandular hairs; sepals 5, petaloid, white, usually basally to medially tinged with pink or purple, narrowly elliptic, 7-8 mm long, 3.0-3.5 mm wide, base cuneate, apex obtuse; petals 5, greenish yellow to yellow, spatulate, 3.0-3.5 mm long, apex subtruncate, nectaries cylindrical, shortly spurred; stamens 16-22, filaments 3 mm long, filiform, white, anthers globose, 0.5 mm in diameter, pale yellow; staminodes (4-)6, white, petaloid, membranous, linear-lanceolate, 1/2-2/3 as long as filaments, glabrous; pistils 4-5, glabrous, style ca. 1/6-1/5 as long as ovary, stigma capital. Follicles 4-5, free, widely divergent, ovoid-oblong, 7-9 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide, apically with a small beak due to the persistent style, striate, striae transversely raised. Seeds obovoid, 1.5-2.0 mm long, blackish brown, conspicuously rugose tuberculate seed surface.
Phenology.
Flowering time: April-early May; fruiting time: May.
Distribution.
Endemic to the Province Jeju-do (Republic of Korea).
Vernacular (Korean) name.
Keun-gae-gu-ri-bal-top (큰개구리발톱; new Korean name).
Habitat and ecology.
Semiaquilegia quelpaertensis grows in submontane broadleaf forests and in moist valleys at 800-850 m elevation. Its habitat is dominated by Styrax obassis Siebold & Zucc. ( Styracaceae ), with Dryopteris dickinsii (Franch. & Sav.) C. Chr. ( Dryopteridaceae ), Elatostema umbellatum (Siebold & Zucc.) Blume ( Urticaceae ), Pimpinella hallaisanensis (W. Lee & G. Jang) G. Jang, W.K. Paik & W. Lee ( Apiaceae ), Cardamine tanakae Franch. & Sav. ( Brassicaceae ), Peracarpa carnosa var. circaeoides (F. Schmidt ex Miq.) Makino ( Campanulaceae ), Viola boissieuana Makino ( Violaceae ) and Anemone stolonifera Maxim. ( Ranunculaceae ).
Etymology.
The specific epithet of the new species is derived from the type locality, Jeju-do, Republic of Korea.
Preliminary conservation status.
Currently, the new species is only known at the type locality and the population size is about 200 mature individuals. It seems that the new species can be ascribed as Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN Red List categories and criteria ( IUCN 2014). However, it is possible that further populations could be found in similar habitats of neighbouring areas of Jeju-do, Republic of Korea. Given the current limited field work, this new species could be temporarily considered as Data Deficient (DD).
Taxonomic notes.
Semiaquilegia quelpaertensis shows morphological similarities with S. adoxoides concerning its narrowly elliptic sepals, shorter pedicel and petals subtruncate at apex. Despite these similarities, there are clear differences between these two species, such as the lobed shape of leaflets, the size of the flowers, the surface of seeds and the length and number of staminodes (Table 1 View Table 1 ), as well as the habitat (mountains for S. quelpaertensis vs. lowland for S. adoxoides ). Semiaquilegia guangxiensis , which is endemic to China, also displays shallower lobed leaflets, larger flowers and seeds and more staminodes than S. adoxoides ( Huang et al. 2017). However, S. guangxiensis greatly differs in the 2.5-12 cm long pedicel (vs. 0.8-2.5 cm in S. quelpaertensis ), broadly elliptic or obovate sepals (vs. narrowly elliptic sepals in S. quelpaertensis ) and apex retuse, reflexed along the lower edge, tubular petals (vs. apex subtruncate, cylindrical petals in S. quelpaertensis ; Table 1 View Table 1 ). Meanwhile, the name Semiaquilegia dauciformis D.Q. Wang was proposed by the following characteristics, i.e. underground stem conical, ramose, basal leaves biternate, staminodes 0-6 and the length of style being about half of the ovary or as long as the ovary ( Wang 1989). However, S. dauciformis have been regarded as a synonym of S. adoxoides in Flora of China ( Fu and Orbélia 2001). According to the characteristics of the leaves dissection, S. dauciformis is similar to S. quelpaertensis , but the new species has ternate leaves, larger flowers and staminodes which are 1/2-2/3 of the length of the filaments.
Additional specimen examined (paratype).
KOREA. Prov. Jeju-do, Jeju-si, Eoseungsaengak, Hallasan National Park, 17 May 2017, Lee s.n. (KH!).
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