Amphipentas pentacrinus Ehrenberg, 1841

Joh, Gyeongje, 2021, Distribution and frequent occurrence of diatom taxa (Bacillariophyta) inhabiting warmer oceans in Seogwipo coast of Jeju Island, southernmost Korea, Phytotaxa 517 (1), pp. 1-67 : 13

14. Amphipentas pentacrinus Ehrenberg ( Fig. 25 , 202 )

Synonym: Triceratium pentacrinus (Ehrenberg) Wallich ; Biddulphia pentacrinus (Ehrenberg) Boyer.

Type locality: Fossil in Graeciae marga ( Ehrenberg 1840, p. 205) .

References: Hustedt 1927 –1930, p. 812, fig. 474; Sims et al. 2018, p. 23, figs 87–90.

Morphometrics: Valves 45–125 (20–100) μm in apical length, areolae on valves 3–7 (ca. 6) in 10 μm.

Remarks: Amphipentas pentacrinus is distributed in Atlantic and Pacific coasts, more abundant in the Gulf of Mexico ( Boyer 1900), and in littoral area of warmer oceans ( Hustedt 1927 –1930), occurring in coral reefs of Heron Island and Queensland in Australia, and Oamaru in New Zealand ( Crosby & Wood 1958), in the Caribbean Sea ( Hargraves 1982, Foged 1984, Navarro & Hernández-Becerril 1997, Hein et al. 2008, Lozano-Duque et al. 2010), in the northeastern coasts of Brazil ( Felício-Fernandes et al. 1994; Aquino et al. 2015; Costa et al. 2016), in the Canary Islands of the eastern Atlantic Ocean, Spain ( Ojeda 2003), in the coast of Mexico ( Stidolph et al. 2012, López-Fuerte & Siqueiros-Beltrones 2016), and in Samoa of the Pacific Ocean and King George Sound of the southern Australia ( Stidolph et al. 2012). This taxon is widespread in the coasts of warmer oceans. It was reported previously from the Seogwipo coast in South Korea ( Lee et al. 2012), and this time, occurred uncommonly as an epiphyte in this area.

Figures

FIGURES 22–28. Diatom taxa of Seogwipo coast in Jeju Island (3). Fig. 22–24. Amphitetras antediluviana. Fig. 25. Amphipentas pentacrinus. Figs 26–28. Leudugeria janischii. Scale bars = 10 μm.

FIGURES 193–202. Diatom taxa of Seogwipo coast in Jeju Island (20). Figs. 193, 194. Cocconeis convexa: sternum valve (Fig. 180) and raphe valve (Fig. 181) of external view. Figs. 195–197, 200, 201. Navicula zostereti: characteristic lineate striation and cental raphe endings in external valves. Figs 198, 199. Hydrosynedra lanceolata: external valves. Fig. 202. Amphipentas pentacrinus: internal valve. Figs 193–202: SEM. Scale bars = 20 μm (Fig. 201), 10 μm (Figs 196, 202), 5 μm (Figs 193, 194, 197), 2 μm (Figs 195, 200), 1 μm (Figs 198, 199).