Doriprismatica rossi Matsuda and Gosliner, 2018

Matsuda, Shayle B. & Gosliner, Terrence M., 2018, Glossing over cryptic species: Descriptions of four new species of Glossodoris and three new species of Doriprismatica (Nudibranchia: Chromodorididae), Zootaxa 4444 (5), pp. 501-529 : 521-523

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.5.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6A536780-96AE-42B0-913E-C05767BC63EC
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5981642
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/140387BF-486C-F00E-0D88-FB7CFCB4FE54
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Doriprismatica rossi Matsuda and Gosliner
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Doriprismatica rossi Matsuda and Gosliner View in CoL , sp. nov.

Figures (2I, 11C, 13D, E, 14A–E)

Doriprismatica sp. 5 Gosliner et al. 2015: p. 240, upper left photo.

Doriprismatica sp. B Matsuda & Gosliner 2017.

Type material. Holotype: CASIZ-192281, one specimen, dissected, 31 mm preserved, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, West Manghar Island, night dive, 8 March 2013, T. Gosliner, Red Sea Biodiversity Cruise 2013, orig. fixative 95% EtOH. This specimen was tissue sampled (foot) for DNA analysis in Matsuda & Gosliner (2017), GenBank: KT600690 View Materials ( COI).

Etymology. Doriprismatica rossi is named after the first author’s brother, Ross Kyo Matsuda.

Distribution. Known only from the Saudi Arabian Red Sea.

External morphology. The mantle of Doriprismatica rossi sits high on the sides of the body above the foot and tapers posteriorly ( Fig. 11C View FIGURE 11 ). The mantle has small conical tubercles over its entire surface. The mantle edge has the characteristic semi-permanent undulations, including two sets of permanent large folds, the first slightly behind the rhinophores and the second anterior to the gill. The mantle and foot are a burgundy-charcoal color that is covered with small white spots that are denser towards the edge of the mantle. Larger burgundy spots speckle the mantle over the white. A black band runs the edge of the mantle and is bordered on both sides first by thin electric blue bands and then followed by thicker mustard colored bands ( Fig. 2I View FIGURE 2 ). The gill is two-thirds of the way back on the mantle and consists of approximately 14 unipinnate lamellae arranged in a spiral and forming an arc that opens posteriorly around the anus. Some of the lamellae have branching tips of up to four prongs while others are single and they become shorter at the ends of the arch. All of the gill branches are held close to the surface of the mantle. The gill stalk is a greener mustard color that fades to white, and two dark lines run up the inward and outward facing sides midway-up that join at the tip. The base of the rhinophores are a cream and mustard color and the rhinophores are dark charcoal that is dusted with white that gives them a frosted appearance. The rhinophores have approximately 15 closely packed lamellae. Behind the rhinophores are two burgundy-charcoal patches on the mantle that are not covered in white dots. The genital opening is on the right side of the body below the mantle and behind the rhinophores.

Internal anatomy. Radular structure ( Fig. 14A–E View FIGURE 14 ). The oral tube is approximately three times as long as the buccal bulb ( Fig. 13E View FIGURE 13 ). The radular ribbon is long and of medium width ( Fig. 14D View FIGURE 14 ) (radular formula for 35 mm preserved specimen is approximately 165 x 25.0.25). A row of rachidian teeth is absent ( Fig. 14A View FIGURE 14 ). The first lateral tooth has a long central cusp with three to four, large, well-defined downward-pointing denticles on both sides. The inner and mid-lateral teeth ( Fig. 14B View FIGURE 14 ) have a longer central cusp with the same number of denticles on the outer edge, however with no denticles on the inner edge. The outer teeth ( Fig. 14C View FIGURE 14 ) are only slightly reduced and have only one denticle on the outer edge. The jaw plates are composed of long bifid rodlets that are slightly curved ( Fig. 14E View FIGURE 14 ).

Reproductive system ( Fig. 13D View FIGURE 13 ). The vagina is of medium length and narrow and connects with the receptaculum seminis duct before reaching the receptaculum seminis sac and bursa copulatrix. The penial bulb is long and convoluted leading to a shorter muscular vas deferens. A long, twisted prostate gland connects to the base of the ampulla adjacent to the albumen gland.

Remarks. Doriprismatica rossi is sister to Doriprismatica marinae sp. nov., and together they are sister to the clade containing D. atromarginata and D. sibogae . Doriprismatica rossi has its own unique color pattern and together with D. paledentata is the only species in the genus with three distinct marginal bands. These two species are unique in having mantle tubercles. The mantle of D. rossi is more oval that D. atromarginata and D. sibogae . The mantle bands are continuous, unlike in D. atromarginata and D. sibogae whose mantle bands include areas with slight interruptions. The mantle bands are similar in color to D. paladentata , however the bands on D. paladentata are much lighter and the body is teardrop-shaped with a broader anterior. The mantle of D. paladentata is covered with white spots, however the overall color of the mantle is a very light cream. The rhinophores and gills of D. paladentata , D. atromarginata and D. sibogae all stand out dark against the body, which is not the case for D. rossi . The radula for D. rossi differs from that of D. atromarginata by having a slightly longer central cusp, and resemble more closely those of D. sibogae ( Rudman 1986, fig. 6, specimen from Fiji).

The ABGD analysis supports D. rossi as a distinct species ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ). The p-distance values between D. rossi and D. marinae is 2%, which while seemingly small, is consistent with the p-distances between and within other species of Doriprismatica ( Matsuda & Gosliner 2017) ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ). Their general body form is markedly different. The p-distances between individuals of D. atromarginata is 1% and between specimens of D. paladentata is 0, and the p-distances that separate D. atromarginata and D. sibogae is 3%.