Evacanthini, Metcalf, 1939

Viraktamath, C. A. & Webb, M. D., 2018, Revision of the evacanthine leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) of the Indian subcontinent, Zootaxa 4386 (1), pp. 1-78 : 6-7

Key to genera of Evacanthini of the Indian subcontinent

(Modified from Wang et al. 2015; males only from couplet 8)

1 Head more than 3 times as long as dorsal distance between eyes ( Fig. 4 I )............................ Vangama Distant

- Head less than 2.75 times as long as dorsal distance between eyes ( Figs 4 AC)..................................... 2

2 Median carina of crown lamellate or on raised region ( Figs 32 B, 32 C )........................................... 3

- Median carina of crown neither strongly raised nor lamellate ( Fig. 1B )........................................... 5

3 Male pygofer with ventral process ( Fig. 14A )................................................ Pythamus Melichar

- Male pygofer without ventral process ( Fig. 21A )............................................................. 4

4 Crown with median carina lamellate, not on elevated region ( Fig. 1N ); crown medially longer than distance between eyes ( Fig. 1M )................................................................................... Cunedda Distant

- Crown with median carina not lamellate but on median ridge ( Figs 32B, 32C ); crown medially shorter than dorsal distance between eyes ( Figs 2 M , 32 A )............................................................... Mainda Distant

5 Claval veins fused medially for some distance then separated; crown 2.0–2.7 times as long medially as dorsal distance between eyes ( Fig. 4 C )....................................................................... Striatanus Li & Wang

- Claval veins separate; crown shorter than 2 times the dorsal distance between eyes ( Fig. 1 K )......................... 6

6 Crown declivous anteriorly, frontoclypeus massive, projecting forwards compared to level of clypellus ( Figs 3 R , 4 B ); carinae on crown forming a divided polygon with 5 or 6 sides anteriorly............................... Risefronta Li & Wang

- Crown not declivous anteriorly, frontoclypeus and clypellus at the same level or both forming singly smooth curve (3 L); ante- rior margin of head without such polygon.................................................................. 7

7 Disc of crown strongly concave, transverse carina indistinct on fore part of crown ( Fig. 1 K ); gena strongly incurved beneath eye ( Fig. 4 P )................................................................ Concavocorona Wang & Zhang

- Disc of crown not strongly concave, transverse carina distinct on fore part of crown ( Fig. 1 R ); gena not strongly incurved beneath eye ( Fig. 4 L ).................................................................................. 8

8 Male pygofer with ventral process ( Figs 14 A , 24 A ).......................................................... 9

- Male pygofer without ventral process (34 A, 35 A)......................................................... 11

9 Male pygofer ventral process thin and long, greatly exceeding dorsal margin ( Fig. 14 A ).................. Apphia Distant

- Male pygofer ventral process thicker, shorter, either attaining or slightly exceeding dorsal margin ( Fig. 23 A )............ 10

10 Head broadly rounded in front, crown with distinctly concave areas on either side of median carina on vertex ( Figs 1 Q, R )............................................................................ Evacanthus Le Peletier & Serville

- Head conically rounded in front, crown rather convex, without lateral concavities but with series of longitudinal rugae in distal half ( Figs 1 G, I )...................................................................... Carinata Li & Wang

11 Male pygofer with groups of stout setae on dorsal margin on posterior lobe ( Fig. 42A )................ Taperus Li & Wang

- Male pygofer without such setae......................................................................... 12

12 Crown with central large black spot and anterior median and one lateral smaller black spots on fore margin ( Figs 1 C , 6 M ).......................................................................................... Bundera Distant

- Crown coloration different ( Figs 2 O Q , 3 G K )............................................................. 13

13 Aedeagal shaft without apical or subapical processes ( Fig. 33 E , 34 E ).......................................... 14

- Aedeagal shaft with apical and subapical processes ( Figs 36 D , 37 B )............................ Onukindia gen. nov.

14 Aedeagus with shaft in lateral view, of uniform width, 3x or more as long as wide near base ( Fig. 40 F ), dorsolateral lobe in posteroventral view wing-like ( Fig. 40 G ).................................................. Shortcrowna Li & Li

- Aedeagus with shaft in lateral view wide at apex, about 2x as long as wide at base ( Fig. 34 H ), dorsolateral lobe in posteroven- tral view not wing-like ( Fig. 34 E )......................................................... Onukia Matsumura

Figures

FIGURES 1 A–R. Species of Evacanthini, habitus: A–B. Male Apphia flava sp. nov.; C–D. Male Bundera acutivertex sp. nov.; E–F. Male B. bambusana Chen & Li; G–J. Male and female Carinata midfasciana Wang & Li; K–L. Male Concavocorona kambaiti sp. nov.; M–P. Male and female Cunedda phaeops Distant; Q–R. Male Evacanthus albipennis sp. nov. [A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal views; B. D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, lateral views].

FIGURES 2 A–R. Species of Evacanthini, habitus: A–B. Male Evacanthus bellus (Distant).; C–D. Male E. convolutus sp. nov.; E–F. Male E.. distinctus sp. nov,; G–H. Male E. manaliensis sp. nov.; I–J. Female E. militaris (Distant); K–L. Male E. yeshwanthi sp. nov.; M–N. Male Mainda praeculta Distant; O–P. Male Onukia echina sp. nov.; Q–R. Male O. flavopunctata Wang & Li. [A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal views; B.D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, lateral views].

FIGURES 3 A–R. Species of Evacanthini, habitus: A–B. Male Shortcrowna rubrostriata sp. nov.; C–F. Male and female Onukia albiclypeus. G–J. Male and female Onukindia aruna sp. nov.; K–N. Male and female O. compressa sp. nov.; O–P. Male O. connexa sp. nov.; Q–R.Male Risefronta albicincta Wang & Li. [A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal views; B. D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, lateral views].

FIGURES 4 A–V. Species of Evacanthini. A–J Habitus: A–B. Female Risefronta albicincta Wang & Li (Distant).; C–D. Female Striatanus delta sp. nov.; E–F. Male Taperus indicus sp. nov.; G–H. Female Taperus sp.; I–J. Male Vangama steneosaura Distant. [A, C, E, G, I, dorsal views; B. D, F, H, J, lateral views]. K–V. Faces: K. Male Apphia flava sp. nov.; L. Bundera acutivertex sp. nov.; M.B. bambusana; N–O.Male and female Carinata midfasciana; P.Concavocorona kambaitisp. nov.; Q–R. Male and female Cunedda phaeops; S. Evacanthus albipennis sp. nov.; T. Evacanthus bellus; U. E. convolutus sp. nov.; V.E. distinctus sp. nov..

FIGURES 6 A–Y. Evacanthini types and label data. A–D. Apphia burmanica Distant; E–H. Apphia assamensis (Ramakrishnan); I–L. Apphia himalayana (Distant); M–P. Bundera venataDistant; Q–T. Evacanthus bellus (Distant); U–Y.E. extremus (Walker).

FIGURES 14 A–F. Male genitalia structures of Apphia assamensis (Ramakrishanan).A. Pygofer, lateral view; B. Connective, dorsal view; C. Style, lateral view; D. Aedeagal shaft, posterodorsal view; E. Aedeagus posteroventral view; F. Aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES 21 A–G. Male genitalia structures of Cunedda phaeops Distant. A. genital capsule, lateral view; B. Style, lateral view; C. Connective, dorsal view; D. Subgenital plate, ventral view; E. Aedeagus, lateral view; F. Aedeagus, posterodorsal view; G.Aedeagus, posterior view.

FIGURES 23 A–G. Male genitalia structures of Evacanthus bellus (Distant). A. Pygofer, lateral view; B. Subgenital plate, ventral view; C. Style, dorsal view; D. Style, lateral view; E. Connective, dorsal view; F. Aedeagus, posteroventral view; G. Aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES 24 A–G. Male genitalia structures of Evacanthus convolutus sp. nov. A. Genital capsule, lateral view; B–C. Different views of pygofer ventral process; D. Aedeagus, posterior view; E–F. Variation in aedeagusof holotype (E) and paratype (F); G.Aedeagal shaft apex, dorsoposterior view.

FIGURES 33 A–E. Onukia echina sp. nov. A. Genital capsule, lateral view. B.subgenital plate, ventral view; C. Style, lateral view; D.Aedeagus, posteroventral view; E.Aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES 34 A–E. Onukia flavopunctata Li & Wang. A. Genital capsule, lateral view. B. Style, lateral view; C. Connective, dorsal view; D.Aedeagus, lateral view; E. Aedeagus, posteroventral view.

FIGURES 36 A–E. Onukindia aruna sp. nov. A. Genital capsule, lateral view. B. Connective, dorsal view; C. Aedeagus, lateral view; D. Aedeagus, posteroventral view; E. Style, dorsal view.

FIGURES 42 A–G. Taperus indicus sp. nov. A. Pygofer, lateral view.B. Subgenital plate, ventral view; C. Style, lateral view; D. Connective, dorsal view; E.Aedeagus, lateral view; G. Aedeagus, posterior view; G Aedeagus, posteroventral view.

FIGURES32 A–K. Mainda praeculta Distant.A.Head and thorax, dorsal view; B. Head and thorax, lateral view; C. Face; D. Forewing, dorsal view; E. Pygofer, lateral view; F. Subgenital plate, ventral view; G. Style, lateral view; H. Style, dorsal view; I. connective, dorsal view; J. Aedeagus, posteroventral view; K. Aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES37 A–E. Onukindia compressa sp. nov. A.Genital capsule, lateral view.B. Aedeagus, lateral view; C.Style, dorsal view; D.Connective, dorsal view; E. Aedeagus, posteroventral view.

FIGURES40 A–G. Shortcrowna rubrostriatasp.nov. A.Pygofer, lateral view.B. Style, dorsalview; C. Style, lateral view; D. Subgenital plate, ventral view; E.Connective,dorsal view; F. Aedeagus, lateral view; G.Aedeagus, posteroventral view.