Dichrorampha dinarica, Huemer & Zlatkov & Baixeras, 2012

Huemer, Peter, Zlatkov, Boyan & Baixeras, Joaquin, 2012, Dichrorampha dinarica, new species, a century of confusion in European lepidopterology (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) resolved by combining morphology and DNA barcoding, Zootaxa 3389 (1), pp. 41-50 : 43-45

Dichrorampha rilana ( Drenowsky, 1909) ( Figs. 2 , 5 , 7 )

Material examined. Bulgaria: 1 ♂, Rila mts. , above Borovets resort near a lake, 2000 m, 18.vii.1910, leg. A. Drenowsky ; 1 ♂, same locality, but 20.vii.1920, leg. A. Drenowsky ; 2 ♂♂, Rila mts. , the path Yastrebets-Musala chalet, N 42°12.16' E 23°35.14', 2400 m, 11.vii.2007, leg. B. Zlatkov ; 2 ♂♂, Rila mts. , near Ribni ezera chalet, N 42°07'41'' E 23°29'31'', 2115 m, 16.vii.2010, leg. B. Zlatkov, O. Sivilov ( NMNHS, TLMF) .

Re-description. Adult. Male ( Fig. 2 ). Head. Frons covered with pale brown scales, paler on vertex. Labial palpus about 2.5 times length of eye diameter, in lateral view with a creamy-white ring at base followed by dark, graybrown ring extending in concolorous line circling palpus, thus central part remains creamy-white. Proboscis developed. Antennae ciliated and scaled.

Thorax. Dorsally covered with bicolored scales with gray-brown bases and beige apices, ventrally with gray scales. Forewing length 6.4–7.2 mm ($% = 6.8 mm; n = 6); forewing extended, with costal fold and relatively sharp apex. Ground colour olive-greenish. All basally located elements (basal- and sub-basal fasciae and interfasciae) form a basal patch consisting of an ill defined number of blurred, fragmented brownish and beige lines. External line of the sub-basal fascia darker. Dorsal patch (interfascial spot) as wide as 1/5 of the dorsum, indistinctly separated especially in some specimens, slightly oblique, with fragmented dividing line. An indistinct, darker interfascia connecting dorsal patch. Median fascia brown, darker than remaining parts of wing, with dorsal section forming a distinct dark field. Pairs of costal strigulae 1 and 2 reduced, if visible, 3 and 4 ill-defined, beige, 5–9 distinct, silver shining, usually fused into single strigulae. In some specimens pair 8 with a dividing line. Silvery lines – striae – with differing length starting from each pair especially of more distal groups. Lines from pairs 3–4 barely reaching dorsal edge to produce a dorsal white patch. Line of pair 5 short, sometimes fused with those of pair 6 which are longer, reaching discal cell confluent with line 7 on wing axis. Line of pair 7 long, sometimes connected with inner refractive line of ocellus (speculum). Lines of pairs 8 and 9 are short, confluent with margin to a silver shining terminal strigula (between R 5 and M 1). A creamy-white or silver terminal strigula present between M 1 and M 2 in most specimens. Typically two additional terminal strigulae between Cu 1 and Cu 2 (in all specimens) and between Cu 2 and A (in some specimens). Ocellus narrow, brownish, usually with rough, fragmented refractive lines. Three to five marginal black dots present. Marginal line gray, shining. Cilia metallic, with creamy-white basal and gray apical half. Underside gray with ill-defined costal strigulae but all aforementioned terminal strigulae distinct, creamy-white. Hindwing gray with slightly darker edges, basal 1/4 of cilia concolorous, remaining part pale gray, shining. Underside resembling upperside.

Abdomen. Gray. Genitalia ( Figures 5 , 7 ) with tegumen microtrichiate bearing a small round prominence as uncus. Valva broad, basal cavity wide, sacculus and costal edge more or less parallel, weakly setose. Neck of valva relatively wide (as wide as 3/4 of the valva basal part), with shallow ventral incision. Cucullus large, rounded, with slightly extended dorsal and small ventral part with straight edge. In natural position the ventral edge bent medially. Cucullus proximally bare, distally with long setae and short spiniform setae at edge. Juxta sub-triangular, caulis without processes. Phallus rather long, 4/5 of the length of valva, slender, with membranous area extending on ca. 2/3 of dorsal side, slightly widened at end where 3–4 large, triangular and 1–2 small teeth present. Vesica relatively short, ca. 1/3 length of phallus, distinctly separated on two parts. Proximal cylindrical section bent at right angle to right where it merges into distal conical section bearing 15 deciduous cornuti at right side (one everted vesica was examined; in one specimen 13 sockets were counted). Cornuti long, flat, lanceolate, slightly asymmetrical with wider right part, laterally located neck and long posterior part. A large sclerotised plate located dorsolaterally next to the sockets.

Female. Unknown.

Diagnosis. Externally D. rilana is similar to D. ligulana and D. dinarica sp. n., but it differs from those species by the less defined wing pattern, predominated by beige sections and brown dorsal portion of the median fascia. The mesonotum is unicolorous in contrast to D. dinarica sp. n. The male genitalia have a characteristic cucullus with a relatively narrow dorsal and a wide ventral part. The number and shape of cornuti also differentiates D. rilana and D. dinarica sp.n., whereas D. ligulana strongly differs from D. rilana by its sub-rectangular shape of the sacculus in the male genitalia (see Razowski 2003).

Bionomics. Host plants and early stages are unknown. The moths have been collected in June-July at elevations of 2000–2400 m. Two of the specimens were flying in the late afternoon (16–18h) near the ground (1–1.5 m) in sunshine, the other in windy weather at the same daytime. Habitats are sparse subalpine formations of Pinus mugo and grasses on siliceous soil.

Distribution. With certainty, only known from the Rila mountains in Bulgaria (see above).

Figures

FIGURES 1–4. Adults of Dichrorampha. 1, D. ligulana (Herrich-Schäffer), ♂; 2, D. rilana Drenowsky, ♂; 3–4, D. dinarica sp. n., paratypes, 3, ♂, 4, ♀. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURES 5–6. Male genitalia of Dichrorampha. 5, D. rilana Drenowsky, slide P. Huemer TOR 455 ♂; 6, D. dinarica sp. n., paratype, slide P. Huemer TOR 452 ♂.

FIGURES 7–8. Male genitalia (everted vesica/cornuti) of Dichrorampha. 7, D. rilana Drenowsky; 8, D. dinarica sp. n., paratype. a, dorsal view of phallus; b, lateral (right) view of phallus; c, lateral view of cornutus; d, dorsal view of cornutus.