Mesabolivar buraquinho, Huber, 2018

Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, Zootaxa 4395 (1), pp. 1-178 : 48-52

Mesabolivar buraquinho sp. n.

Figs 143–144 , 178–185 , 197

Diagnosis. Distinguished from most known congeners by shape of procursus ( Figs 179–181 ; widely curved, slender tip with prolateral apophysis), by armature of male chelicerae ( Fig. 182 ; pair of large frontal apophyses near median line and pair of small apophyses more proximally), and by shape of epigynum ( Fig. 184 ; trapezoidal anterior plate with dark central depression); from most similar known species ( M. caipora ) only by cheliceral armature (compare Fig. 182 and Huber 2015: fig. 54); epigyna of M. buraquinho and M. caipora almost identical, but median depression apparently consistently slightly smaller in M. buraquinho ; compare Figs 184 and 186 ).

Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Type material. BRAZIL: Paraíba: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, UFMG (21510–11), 11♂ 13♀ paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 19041–42), Jardim Botânico Benjamin Maranhão, "Mata do Buraquinho" (7°08.31’S, 34°51.46’W), 30 m a.s.l., 2.vi.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho).

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Paraíba: 2 juvs, together with paratypes; 1♀ 2 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-246), same data as types . 1♂ 3♀, ZFMK (Ar 19043), Mata do Cafundó , ‘site 1’ (7°08.8’S, 35°00.6’W), 80 m a.s.l., 1.vi.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 1♀ 1 juv. in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-243), same data . 10♂ 7♀, ZFMK (Ar 19044), Floresta Nacional da Restinga de Cabedelo, " Mata do Amém " (7°03.9’S, 34°51.2’W), 30 m a.s.l., 2.vi.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-251), same data . 13♂ 8♀, ZFMK (Ar 19045), near Rio Tinto, Reserva Biológica de Guaribas , ‘site 1’ (6°48.55’S, 35°05.21’W), 30 m a.s.l., 3.vi.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-253), same data . 1♂ 3♀ 1 juv., ZFMK (Ar 19046), Reserva Biológica de Guaribas , ‘site 2’ (6°44.4’S, 35°09.6’W), 170 m a.s.l., 3.vi.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 1♀ 2 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-256), same data .

Pernambuco: 4♂ 2♀, ZFMK (Ar 19047), near Bonito, forest near Cachoeira da Gruta (8°32.8’S, 35°42.7’W), 380 m a.s.l., 24–25.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) . 2♂ 3♀, ZFMK (Ar 19048), near Bonito, Alto da Serra (8°30.7’S, 35°34.3’W), 750–800 m a.s.l., 24–25.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 1♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-224), same data . 5♂ 5♀, ZFMK (Ar 19049), Reserva Biológica de Saltinho (8°43.6’S, 35°10.7’W), 50 m a.s.l., 26.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 1♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-226), same data . 1♂ 8♀, ZFMK ( Ar 19050), near São Vicente Ferrer, ‘site 1’, forest near road (7°37.3’S, 35°27.8’–28.0’W), 400–450 m a.s.l., 28.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 1 juv. in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-232), same data .

Alagoas: 6♂ 1♀, ZFMK (Ar 19051), near Murici , degraded forest near road (9°19.64’S, 35°54.58’W), 140 m a.s.l., 17.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 3♀ 1 juv. in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-193), same data . 2♂ 5♀, ZFMK (Ar 19052), near Murici, Estação Ecológica de Murici (9°14.8’S, 35°50.3’W), 350–400 m a.s.l., 18.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 2♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-200), same data . 8♂ 4♀, ZFMK (Ar 19053–54), Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada (9°14.5’–14.0’S, 36°26.5’–27.2’W), 650–700 m a.s.l., 20–21.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 1♀ 1 juv. in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-212), same data . 1♂ 1♀, ZFMK (Ar 19055), Usina Serra Grande , forest above sugarcane plantations (8°58.3’S, 36°05.7’W), 450–550 m a.s.l., 22–23.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 2♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-216), same data .

Bahia: 2♂, ZFMK (Ar 19056), near Santa Teresinha, Serra da Jibóia , along small brook (12°50.68’S, 39°29.31’W), 500 m a.s.l., 13.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 1♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15-175), same data . 1♂, ZFMK (Ar 19057), near Santa Teresinha, Serra da Jibóia , near hilltop (12°51.33’S, 39°28.59’W), 800 m a.s.l., 13.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) . 2♂, ZFMK ( Ar 19058), near Santa Teresinha, Reserva Jequitibá (12°52.19’S, 39°28.65’W), 530 m a.s.l., 13.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) ; 1♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 15- 177), same data . 2♂ 3♀, ZFMK (Ar 19059), Reserva Ecológica da Michelin , ‘site 1’ (13°49.3’S, 39°11.9’W), ~ 140 m a.s.l., 5.x.2011 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias).

Description. Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.0, carapace width 1.6. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 25 µm, diameter AME 60 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.05/0.65. Leg 1: 56.9 (14.0 + 0.7 + 13.9 + 25.2 + 3.1), tibia 2: 9.6, tibia 3: 5.6, tibia 4: 9.2; tibia 1 L/d: 107. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.23, 0.29, 0.18.

COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large dark median mark including ocular area; sternum orange to light brown; legs dark brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (whitish to yellowish); abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light orange-brown area in front of gonopore.

BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 143 ; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified.

CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses ( Figs 182–183 ), one pair large, rounded, near median line, other pair small, pointed, more proximally.

PALPS. As in Figs 178–179 ; apparently indistinguishable from M. caipora , but tip of procursus slightly wider ( Figs 180, 181 ). Coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, widened distally; tarsus with small dorsal process; procursus widely curved, with narrow retrolateral flap, small prolateral apophysis, and membranous distal structures; bulb large, with long slightly tapering process, without side branch.

LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in 68 other males: 9.4–14.7 (mean 12.4).

Female. In general similar to male ( Fig. 144 ) but all femora approximately same width. Tibia 1 in 59 females: 6.3–11.1 (mean 9.2). Epigynum as in Fig. 184 ; anterior plate simple, trapezoidal, slightly protruding but without processes, with dark, round to oval central depression; posterior plate large. Internal genitalia as in Figs 185 , 197 , with pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging anteriorly; arc-shaped ‘valve’ projects beyond anterior margin of epigynal plate ( Fig. 185 ), in some females visible in ventral view through cuticle.

Natural history. The spiders were found in domed webs sheltered among rocks, in hollow trees, under logs, and in large cavities of the ground. At Mata do Amém, they seemed to share the microhabitat with M. spinulosus . Distribution. Widespread from Bahia state to Paraíba state ( Brazil) ( Fig. 727 ).

Figures

FIGURES 138–149. Live specimens, Mesabolivar togatus group. 138–139. M. togatus (Keyserling, 1891), males from Sooretama (with Arachnocoris bug; arrow) and Santa Maria Madalena. 140. M. baianus sp. n., male from Serra Bonita. 141– 142. M. similis sp. n., male and female from Morro de Pedra.143–144. M. buraquinho sp. n., male from Bonito, female from Mata do Buraquinho.145–146.M.caiporaHuber, 2015,male and femalefrom Serra daItabaiana.147. M.inmanis sp. n., male from Vargem Alta.148–149.M.cyaneomaculatus (Keyserling, 1891), males from Penedo.

FIGURES 178–183. Mesabolivar buraquinho sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19041). 178–179. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 180–181. Tip of left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 182–183. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. Scale lines:0.5.

FIGURES 184–187. Mesabolivar buraquinho sp. n. (184–185, ZFMK Ar 19042) and M. caipora Huber, 2015 (186: ZFMK Ar 19062; 187: ZFMK Ar 19060). Epigyna, ventral views, and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views.Scale lines:0.3.

FIGURES188–199. Femaleepigyna in ventral views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, Mesabolivar togatus group (part 1). 188–190.M.togatus (Keyserling, 1891), from Guapiaçú (188–189, ZFMK Ar 19017) and Sooretama (190, ZFMK Ar 19029).191–193.M.baianus sp. n., from Una (191–192, ZFMK Ar 19031) and Serra Bonita (193, ZFMK Ar 19038). 194.M. similis sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19039). 195–196. M. camacan sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19040). 197. M. buraquinho sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19042).198–199.M.caiporaHuber, 2015, from São João (198, ZFMK Ar19062) and Mata do Crasto (199, ZFMK Ar 19060).

FIGURES726–729. Knowndistribution of the Mesabolivar togatusgroup.“?”: dubious recordsof M.togatus, possible record of M. baianus (sub. M. togatus in Machado 2007), and of M. cyaneomaculatus from Paraná (Mello-Leitão 1947b); asterisk: erroneous record of M.togatusfrom Pará in Mello-Leitão (1940a).TL, type locality.