Carapoia maculata, Huber, 2018

Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, Zootaxa 4395 (1), pp. 1-178 : 157-159

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5950660

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/160AC713-C6E8-FF1B-2A9C-9CDF372C7BA5

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Carapoia maculata
status

sp. nov.

Carapoia maculata View in CoL sp. n.

Figs 673–674 View FIGURES665–676 , 696–703 View FIGURES 696–703 , 718–719 View FIGURES 711–720

Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from known congeners by armature of male chelicerae (two pairs of long apophyses, one pointed, near laminae, the other with rounded tip, proximally; Figs 698–699 View FIGURES 696–703 ) and by shape of epigynum (anterior plate with median pocket, diverging sclerites between anterior and posterior plates; Figs 702– 703 View FIGURES 696–703 ).

Etymology. The specific name refers to the numerous dark marks of this species (Latin maculatus, -a = spotted); adjective.

Type material. BRAZIL: Bahia: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, UFMG (21562–63), and 2♂ 13♀ paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 19298–99), Fazenda Morro de Pedra (12°31.6’–31.8’S, 40°36.1’–36.4’W), 490 m a.s.l., 14.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho).

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Bahia: 3♀ 2 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br15-183), same data as types.

Description. Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.4, carapace width 1.0. Distance PME-PME 110 µm, diameter PME 95 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 15 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.77/ 0.50. Leg 1: 23.9 (5.7 + 0.4 + 6.0 + 10.1 + 1.7), tibia 2: 3.2, tibia 3: 2.1, tibia 4: 2.7; tibia 1 L/d: 67. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.17, 0.22, 0.16.

COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with three pairs of dark marks along lateral margins, one mark in thoracic furrow, and one pair of dark marks behind ocular area; margins of ocular area and clypeus also dark; sternum pale ochre-yellow with pair of large light brown marks fused posteriorly; legs ochre-yellow, without dark rings; abdomen bluish gray, with darker marks dorsally and laterally, brown mark in front of gonopore, short dark blue mark behind gonopore.

BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 673 View FIGURES665–676 ; ocular area raised; carapace with deep median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified.

CHELICERAE. As in Figs 698–699 View FIGURES 696–703 , with two pairs of long apophyses, one pointed, near laminae, directed towards distal, the other with rounded tip, proximal, projecting towards frontal.

PALPS. As in Figs 696–697 View FIGURES 696–703 ; coxa with small retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with short ventral process; femur with large retrolateral process proximally, small dorsal hump, distally widening; procursus distally with distinctive sclerotized and membranous elements (subdistal prolateral spine, dorsal transparent flap; Fig. 700 View FIGURES 696–703 ); genital bulb with sclerotized process near connection to tarsus, prolateral pointed apophysis, and large whitish dorsal protrusion.

LEGS. Densely covered with regular short hairs, without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 6%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in two other males: 5.3, 6.2. Marks on sternum not fused in one male; other male with indistinct dark rings subdistally on femora and tibiae.

Female. In general similar to male ( Fig. 674 View FIGURES665–676 ), but with distinct dark rings subdistally on femora and tibiae and proximally on tibiae. Tibia 1 in 14 females: 3.7–4.8 (mean 4.2). Epigynum as in Figs 702–703 View FIGURES 696–703 , 718 View FIGURES 711–720 ; anterior plate with median pocket on posterior projecting margin, with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane between anterior and posterior plates, simple posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in Figs 701 View FIGURES 696–703 , 719 View FIGURES 711–720 , with large pore-plates divided into many platelets with a few pores each.

Natural history. Field observations revealed several similarities with C. pulchra and C. suassunai , but not with members of the agilis group: the spiders were found from near the ground up to 2 m above ground level; webs among the vegetation consisted of a domed sheet that transformed into a funnel that led into a retreat, usually a dead leaf. Males and females often shared the retreats; they did not vibrate when disturbed but ran away and eventually jumped off the web.

Distribution. Known from type locality in Bahia state ( Brazil) only ( Fig. 743 View FIGURE 743 ).

UFMG

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

ZFMK

Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Pholcidae

Genus

Carapoia

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