Guasuctenus longipes ( Keyserling, 1891 ) Polotow & Brescovit, 2019

Polotow, Daniele & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2019, Guasuctenus gen. nov., a new Neotropical spider genus of Ctenidae (Araneae), Zootaxa 4624 (4), pp. 539-550 : 543-545

Guasuctenus longipes ( Keyserling, 1891) comb. nov.

Figs 1–5 , 8

Ctenus longipes Keyserling, 1891: 150 , pl. 4, fig. 103 (male holotype from Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, von Ihering coll., deposited in BMNH 1890.7.1.2913, examined). Strand 1909: 305; Mello-Leitão 1936: 10, pl. 1, fig. 14, pl. 2, figs 12−13; Polotow & Brescovit 2014, fig. 9C−D; World Spider Catalog 2019.

Ctenus griseus Keyserling, 1891: 152 , pl. 4, fig. 105 (female holotype from Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, E. Keyserling coll., deposited in BMNH 1890.7.1.2916, examined). World Spider Catalog 2019. Syn. Nov.

Ctenus vertebratus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902: 404 , pl. 7, fig. 11 (female holotype from Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, deposited in BMNH, not examined). Mello-Leitão 1931: 13, fig. 4; Mello-Leitão 1936: 30, fig. 13 (Syn.); World Spider Catalog 2019.

Diagnosis. Males of Guasuctenus longipes ( Fig. 5A ) can be distinguished from G. vittatissimus ( Fig. 7A ) by the median apophysis and base of embolus larger, and RTA slender. Females of Guasuctenus longipes ( Figs 4B , 5C ) can be distinguished from G. vittatissimus ( Figs 6B , 7C ) by the median field subpentagonal and shorter lateral projections of the epigynum, pointing to center of the venter of the opisthosoma.

Description. Male (MCTP 47). Carapace, sternum, endites, labium, and legs light brown; chelicerae reddish brown, with basal condyle light brown; opisthosoma with light brown venter and dark brown dorsum with a lighter longitudinal band. Total length 17.30. Carapace 10.30 long and 8.20 wide. Clypeus 0.22 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.36, ALE 0.36, PME 0.48, PLE 0.40. Leg measurements: I: femur 12.20/ patella 5.00/ tibia 13.00/ metatarsus 12.30/ tarsus 5.40/ total 47.90; II: 11.60/ 4.80/ 10.70/ 10.70/ 4.50/ 42.30; III: 10.00/ 3.90/ 8.40/ 9.50/ 3.80/ 35.60; IV: 12.00/ 4.10/ 11.50/ 14.80/ 4.20/ 46.60. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v2-2 -2-2-2, r0-1-0, p0-1-0; III and IV v2-2 -2, r1-1, p1-1; metatarsus I and II v2-2 -2, r0-1-0, p0-1-0; III v2-2 -2, p1-1-1, r1-1-1; IV v1-1 -1-1-1-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1. Palp ( Figs 3 A–C, 5A–B): tibia straight with short RTA; cymbium elongated, longer than tibia; dorsal cymbial apophysis with large base and truncated tip; embolus with large base and curved retrolaterally, with laminar locking lobes; conductor wider than long; tegulum not projected; median apophysis with large base.

Female (MCTP 234). Coloration as in male. Total length 21.9. Carapace 10.5 long and 8.4 wide. Clypeus 0.42 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.34, ALE 0.34, PME 0.36, PLE 0.44. Leg measurements: I: femur 9.1/ patella 4.4/ tibia 8.7/ metatarsus 7.7/ tarsus 3.1/ total 33.0; II: 8.5/ 4.2/ 7.5/ 6.8/ 2.9/ 29.9; III: 7.5/ 3.6/ 6.3/ 6.6/ 2.7/ 26.7; IV: 9.7/ 3.8/ 8.7/ 10.3/ 3.4/ 35.9. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: tibia I and II v2-2 -2-2-2, r0, p0; III and IV v2-2 -2, r1-1, p1-1; metatarsus I and II v2-2 -2, r0, p0; III v2-2 -2, r1-1-1, p-1-1-1; IV v1-1 -1-1-1-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1. Epigynum ( Figs 4 B–D, 5C–D): median field subpentagonal, with small lateral excavations and setae covering central area; lateral fields bearing robust lateral projections; copulatory ducts curved inward; base of spermathecae bean-shaped and head of spermathecae with reborded margins; fertilization ducts laminar.

Variation. 10 males: total length: 16.3–24.4; carapace length: 8.6–13.5; femur I length: 9.6– 13.9. 10 females: total length: 16.6–29.8; carapace length: 8.6–13.5; femur I length: 7.6–11.9.

Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Santa Catarina. Seara (-27.147, -52.336), 1 male, 31.I.1996, A.B. Bonaldo, A. Kury & R. Rocha coll. ( MCN) ; Jacinto Machado (-49.763, -28.997), 1 female, XII.1976, J.E. Lima coll. ( IBSP 2844 ) . Rio Grande do Sul. Bom Jesus (-28.610, -50.427), 1 female, 28–30.III.1998, A.B. Bonaldo coll. ( MCN 29279); ( Itaimbézinho , -28.650, -50.637) 2 females, 3.XI.1962, L. Buckup coll. ( MCN 1804 ) . Nova Prata (-28.785, -51.608), 1 female, 20.IV.1973, E.J. Hilani coll. ( MCN 3648 ) ; Arroio do Tigre (-29.334, -53.088), 1 female, 6.V.1978, E.H. Buckup coll. ( MCN 7832 ) ; Bento Gonçalves (-29.154, -51.519), 1 male, 30.III.1991, M. Bernardo coll. ( MCTP 47 ) ; 1 male, 15.III.1993, V. Bernardes coll. ( MCTP 3060 ) ; 2 males, IV.1995, A. Bernardo coll. ( MCTP 6190 ) ; Canela (-29.352, -50.802), 1 male, 5.II.1977, A. Lise coll. ( MCN 5182 ) ; 1 male, 3.III.2003, C. Lessa coll. ( MCN 35200) ; São Francisco de Paula (-29.273, -50.534), 1 female, 14.V.1993, A. Braul coll. ( MCTP 6233 ) ; 1 male, Pristo coll. ( MNRJ 13053 ); ( Pró-Mata , -29.480, -50.174) 1 female, 9.X.1994, A. Braul & R. Ott coll. ( MCTP 5481 ); ( Cazuza Ferreira , -28.931, -50.658) 1 male, 24.III.1973, A. Lise coll. ( MCN 915 ) ; Torres (-29.342, -49.765), 1 female, 29.X.1956, T. Lessa coll. ( MCN 1730 ) ; Santa Maria (-29.703, -53.742), 1 male, 27. VI.1999, L. Indrusiak coll. ( IBSP 168743 ) ; 1 male, 01/IV/2000, L. Indrusiak coll. ( IBSP 214684 ); (Zona Urbana) , 1 male, IV.2000, L. Indrusiak coll. ( IBSP 168745 ) ; Santa Cruz do Sul (-29.724, -52.428), 1 female, VIII.1950, R. Steinhaus coll. ( IBSP 1120 ) ; 1 male, 22.IV.1995, R. Ott coll. ( MCTP 6111 ) ; Novo Hamburgo (-29.725, -51.086), 1 female, 17. VI.1988, C.J. Becker coll. ( MCTP 234 ) ; 2 female, 1.X.1986, C.J. Becker coll. ( MCTP 248 , 249 ) ; Taquara (- 29.651, -50.784), 1 female, 17.IV.1975, A. Lise coll. ( MCN 2581 ) ; Maquiné (-29.611, -50.240), 1 female, 16.I.1993, G.L. Fiorentia coll. ( MCTP 3129 ); ( Fepagro , -29.650, -50.200) , 1 female, 18–27.I.2002, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 88096 ) ; São Leopoldo (-29.764, -51.147), 1 female, 26.IV.1963, T. Lessa coll. ( MCN 1219 ) ; Rio Pardo (-29.994, -52.442), 1 male, 10.II.1969, A. Lise coll. ( MCN 418 ) ; Porto Alegre (-30.021, -51.179), 1 female, Gliesch coll. ( MNRJ 13035 ) ; 1 female, 5.IV.1968, A. Lise coll. ( MCN 659 ) ; 1 female, 15.IV.1968, A. Lise coll. ( MCN 384 ) ; 1 female, 12.VIII.1991, D. Picada coll. ( MCTP 1580 ) ; 1 male, 27.I.1995, E.M. da Silva coll. ( MCN 26481) ; Viamão (Itapuã, Praia das Pombas , -30.340, -51.036), 1 female, 13/12/1994, A.P. Lopes coll. ( IBSP 52224 ) . URUGUAY. 1 male, 1991, M. Simó coll. ( IBSP 11908 ) ; Treinta y Tres. Treinta y Tres, ( Yerbal Chico river , -32.927, -54.456), 1 male ( FCE) .

Courtship behavior. Recently described by Trillo et al. (2018) from specimens collected at the ravine shorelines of Yerbal Chico river, close to Quebrada de los Cuervos, Treinta y Tres, Uruguay. Vouchers were examined and the identification was confirmed.

Distribution. Southern Brazil and Uruguay ( Fig. 8 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Guasuctenus longipes (Keyserling, 1891), female. A, left chelicerae in retrolateral view, showing fang and apical area of basal segment with teeth; B, left endite, close-up on subapical serrula; C–D, left tarsus, leg I. C, trichobotria; D, tarsal organ.

FIGURE 2. Guasuctenus longipes (Keyserling, 1891). A–C, male. D–F, female. A, anterior lateral spinneret; B, posterior median spinneret; C, posterior lateral spinneret; D, anterior lateral spinneret; E, posterior median spinnerets; F, posterior lateral spinnerets.

FIGURE 3. Guasuctenus longipes (Keyserling, 1891), male. A, left male palp, ventral view; B, dissected embolus, proventral view; C, dissected median apophysis, dorsal view.

FIGURE 4. Guasuctenus longipes (Keyserling, 1891), female. A, claw of left pedipalp, prolateral view; B, epigynum, ventral view; C, female internal genitalia, dorsal view; D, right spermathecae, dorsal close-up view.

FIGURE 5. Guasuctenus longipes (Keyserling, 1891). A–B, male palp. A, ventral view; B, retrolateral view. C, epigynum, ventral view; D, female internal genitalia, dorsal view.

FIGURE 6. Guasuctenus vitattissimus (Strand, 1916).A, male palp, ventral view, with arrow pointing retrolateral projection of the embolus.; B, epigynum, ventral view, with arrow pointing posterior lateral excavations.

FIGURE 7. Guasuctenus vitattissimus (Strand, 1916). A–B, male palp. A, ventral view; B, retrolateral view. C, epigynum, ventral view; D, female internal genitalia, dorsal view.

FIGURE 8. Collection localities of Guasuctenus species. A, South America; B, close up on southeastern South America. Legend: black circles = Guasuctenus longipes (Keyserling, 1891); white triangles = Guasuctenus vitattissimus (Strand, 1916).