Euglossa williamsi Hinojosa-Diaz & Engel

Hinojosa-Diaz, Ismael A. & Engel, Michael S., 2011, Euglossa williamsi, a new species of orchid bee from the Amazon Basin of Ecuador and Peru, with notes on its taxonomic association and biogeography (Hymenoptera, Apidae), ZooKeys 159, pp. 49-63 : 50-56

Euglossa williamsi Hinojosa-Diaz & Engel sp. n. Figs 114

Holotype.

♂, labeled: "ECUADOR, Napo; September 1987; Dressler, Wille,; Whitten, Williams // caryophyllene; oxide". The holotype is in the Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.

Paratype.

♂, labeled: "PERU: Pasco Dept,; Villa Rica-Puerto Bermudas [ Bermúdez] Rd.; 910 m. 10°34'18"S, 75°5'30"W; 17 OCT 1999, D.Brzoska; D.Velasquez, PERU 1B99 047; ex: methyl salicylate // [barcode]; SM0148018; KUNHM-ENT // Euglossa; spp.; det. R. W. Brooks 19 [first two lines handwritten, year missing last two digits]". The paratype is in the Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum, Lawrence, Kansas.

Diagnosis.

Labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching sixth metasomal sternum; entire body with a dominant blue-green (teal) coloration, green iridescence, and some purple highlights (Figs 1-4, 7-8); paraocular ivory marks narrow, restricted to laterally-facing areas contiguous to compound eyes; ivory spot on antennal scape greatly reduced, present laterally on upper half of scape (Figs 3-4); anterior mesotibial tuft oblong, composed of pale, plumose setae getting darker posteriorly; posterior tuft reduced, semicircular, appearing as a continuation of anterior tuft (although differentiated from it) (Fig. 6); metatibia trapezoidal (distal third of posterodorsal margin parallel to anterior margin) (Fig. 8); second metasomal sternum with no integumental modifications (Fig. 7); punctation of mesal area of mesoscutellum, postero-ventral outer surface of metatibia, and mesal area of last two metasomal terga composed of large punctures separated by more than two puncture diameters (Figs. 1, 7-8); eighth metasomal sternum of male with posterior section triangular (lateral edges straight) (Fig. 10); dorsal process of gonocoxite broader than long; posterior margin of apical process of gonocoxite oblique (inner-posterior corner displaced posteriad) (Fig. 12); lateral area of gonostylar process of gonocoxite pronged; lateral section of gonostylus large, concave surface facing inwards and covered with dense, minutely-branched setae, gonostylar ventral lobe only differentiated apically as an acute apex (Figs. 12-14).

Description.

♂: Structure. Total body length 10.00 mm; labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching sixth metasomal sternum. Head length 2.85 mm, width 4.30 mm; upper interorbital distance 2.00 mm; lower interorbital distance 2.00 mm; upper clypeal width 1.11 mm; lower clypeal width 1.95 mm; clypeal protuberance 0.78 mm; medial clypeal ridge well developed, paramedial clypeal ridges undistinguishable (obscured by punctation); labrum square, slightly wider than long, length 1.04 mm, width 1.11 mm; medial labral ridge sharp; paramedial labral ridges weak, oblique, almost reaching distal margin of labrum; labral windows ovoid, occupying proximal half of labrum; interocellar distance 0.30 mm; ocellocular distance 0.68 mm; first flagellomere as long (0.33 mm) as second and third flagellomeres combined (0.33 mm); length of malar area 0.15 mm. Mandible bidentate. Pronotal dorso-lateral angle slightly obliquely truncate; upper section of preomaular area with a noticeable brown, flat, polished oval surface contiguous to pronotal lobe (preomaular spot) (Fig. 4); intertegular distance 3.93 mm; mesoscutal length 2.48 mm; mesoscutellar length 1.26 mm; mesal area of mesoscutum concave; posterior margin of mesoscutellum weakly convex (Fig. 1); mesotibial length 2.00 mm; mesobasitarsal length 1.93 mm, width 0.67 mm (as measured at proximal posterior keel), posterior keel projected in a rounded obtuse angle; metatibial shape trapezoidal (distal third of posterodorsal margin parallel to anterior margin) (Fig. 8), metatibial anterior margin length 3.11 mm, ventral margin length 2.22 mm, postero-dorsal margin length 3.93 mm, maximum metatibial thickness 1.11 mm; metatibial organ slit narrow, basal section oval, small (length 0.37 mm), distal section spur-shaped, separated from ventral margin by its own length, maximum width occupying about one-fifth of metatibial outer surface width (Fig. 8); metabasitarsal length 1.93 mm, mid-width 0.89 mm; metabasitarsal ventral margin oblique (forming obtuse angle with anterior margin). Forewing length 8.00 mm; jugal comb with 13 blades; hind wing with 18 hamuli. Maximum metasomal width 4.07 mm; second metasomal sternum lacking integumental modifications (Fig. 7).

Coloration. Head with a combination of blue-green (teal) and green areas as follows: frons and clypeal disc blue-green, antennal depressions green, paraocular areas mainly green fading into blue-green along epistomal sulcus, vertex dark blue-green anteriorly, green on posterolateral sections, gena green fading into blue-green along narrow margin of compound eye and smooth lower third; hypostoma green; epistomal sulcus and medial clypeal ridge very dark, this last with faint coppery hue; paraocular ivory marks narrow, restricted to laterally-facing areas contiguous to compound eyes, ivory color surrounded by thin brown margin; lower lateral parts of clypeus ivory, amber-translucent at edge; labrum ivory; labral anterior and posterior edges as well as labral windows amber-translucent; malar area mainly ivory (brown on narrow areas of anterior and posterior extremes); mandible ivory on outer surface, teeth and ridges brown; antennal scape, pedicel and first fagellomere dark brown, remaining flagellomeres light brown on anterior surface, dark brown on posterior surface; scape with greatly reduced ivory spot, present laterally on upper half (Figs 3-4). Pronotum green/blue-green iridescent, appearing mainly blue-green on anterior section of dorsum and dark blue-green on anterior-facing surface of pronotal lobe; mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, and tegula blue-green with green iridescence (Figs 1-2); lateral-facing surface of mesepisternum mainly green with blue-green iridescence (mainly blue-green on upper area contiguous to pronotal lobe) (Fig. 4); preomaular area with a large brown oval-shaped area (preomaular spot) on upper half (Fig. 4), otherwise blue-green; metepisternum and propodeum green with blue-green iridescence; pro- and mesocoxa and pro- and mesotrochanter brown with strong blue-green iridescence; profemur, protibia and probasitarsus with dominant blue-green iridescence; mesofemur with some purple iridescence on anterior surface otherwise with blue-green, mesotibia similarly colored except purple coloration stronger, mesobasitarsus blue-green on outer surface; hind leg with all podites (except metatarsomeres beyond metabasitarsus) blue-green on outer surfaces and few purple highlights; tarsomeres beyond basitarsi of all legs brown, pretarsal claws with yellow shaft and brown tips (Fig. 2); wings hyaline with brown veins and light green and coppery hue (Figs 1-2). First to fourt hmetasomal terga blue-green with green iridescence; fifth to seventh terga mainly green, all with faint purple highlights (highlights stronger on ventrolateral sections of first metasomal tergum) (Figs 1-2); sterna green with blue-green iridescence mesally and golden iridescence laterally (Fig. 7).

Sculpturing. Face densely areolate-punctate, areole-punctures strong, about one-third median ocellar diameter on clypeal disc, smaller on frons (nearly one-tenth of median ocellar diameter) (Fig. 3); vertex on anterior ocellar area smooth with scattered round punctures; gena shallowly areolate, smooth on a narrow streak close to compound eye (except for scattered large punctures on upper margin) and particularly on lower area close to hypostoma. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum punctate, mesoscutal puncture size about one-quarter of median ocellar diameter on anterola teral corners and posterior margin, where they are also denser (contiguous), punctures smaller (about one-eighth of median ocellar diameter) and sparser (separated by at least one puncture diameter) on mesal area along median mesoscutal line, intermixed with some very minute punctures (Fig. 1); mesoscutellar punctures of two sizes, most as big as about one-third of median ocellar diameter, intermixed with scarcer minute punctures, punctation denser along posterior margin (contiguous punctures), and sparse on mesal area of mesoscutellar disc where punctures are separated by more than two puncture diameters leaving large smooth areas (Fig. 1); mesepisternal lateral-facing surface with sculpturing similar to that on lower frons or clypeal disc, punctures becoming slightly larger towards venter (Figs 2, 4); preomaular area with shallow punctures on metallic integument (not on preomaular spot), preomaular spot with polished edge and smooth-minutely imbricate main central area (Fig. 4); metatibial punctures equivalent in size to those on mesoscutellar central area, denser (separated by no more than a puncture diameter) along anterior margin, getting sparser (separated by two to three puncture diameters) towards posterior area, such that there is smooth integument on contact area with metatibial organ slit (Fig. 8). First metasomal tergum with anterolateral corners sculpturing comparable to that on anterolatreral corners of mesoscutum, quarter along anterior margin punctures as on mesoscutellar disc, posterior three-quarters densely punctate, punctures shallow, slightly smaller than those on median area of mesoscutum, leaving a narrow smooth area along posterior margin, ventrolateral sections polished; second to fourth terga with punctation as on posterior three-quarters of first tergum except larger and sparser punctures on lateral bending areas; anterior portion of fifth tergum with punctation as on preceding terga, punctures becoming progressively larger posteriorly, mesal section with median longitudinal smooth area; sixth and seventh terga punctures considerably larger and sparser, punctation comparable to that on mesoscutellum (Fig. 7); first metasomal sternum smooth; second metasomal sternum with anterolateral and lateral areas next to margins of contacting terga smooth, otherwise punctation comparable to that on sixth tergum, except mesally where punctures become smaller and shallower, posterior margin with smooth band all along; remaining sterna similarly punctuate, except denser punctures (Fig. 7).

Vestiture. Frontal fringe composed of two kinds of dense setae, some dark brown, minutely serrate, others fulvous, plumose, both evenly combined and about as long as two mid-ocellar diameters; clypeus and labrum with scattered, shorter brown and light setae, appearing simple, mandibular outer surface with similar setae but shorter; paraocular areas with moderately dense, pale, minutely-branched setae, becoming longer towards epistomal sulcus, area contiguous to upper section of epistomal sulcus with moderately dense, dark brown, minutely-serrate setae, as long as fringe setae; antennal depressions with dense, appressed, fulvous, plumose setae; vertex with scattered, fulvous, simple, minute setae on smooth area anterior to ocelli, some scattered, dark, simple setae on lateral areas contiguous to compound eye margin, central area of ocellar triangle and posterior section of vertex with moderately dense, dark, minutely-serrate, long setae, those on posterior margin nearly twice as long as those on fringe and intermixed with some shorter, fulvous, simple setae; gena with dense, fulvous, plumose setae, appearing simple on upper posterior area and increasing in size towards lower genal section, continuous with simpler setae along ventral mandibular margin, some scattered, dark, simple, short setae along compound eye margin; antennal scape and pedicel with scattered, dark, short, simple setae; flagellum covered with dense, fulvous, simple, minute setae (Figs 3-4). Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum covered with combination of setae similar to that of frontal fringe, slightly sparser and distributed in same pattern described for punctation; pronotal lobes densely covered by fulvous, plumose setae as long as those on fringe, intermixed with dark, minutely-serrate setae; lateral-facing surface of mesepisternum, metepisternum and propodeum covered by, dense, fulvous, plumose setae as long as those on frontal fringe, preomaular area uncovered on preomaular spot, otherwise with dense, fulvous, plumose setae shorter than those on lateral areas of mesosoma (Fig. 4); foreleg with moderately dense fulvous setae from procoxa to protibia, short and appearing simple on most surfaces, except posterior surfaces of profemur (especially) and protibia, where setae are of same nature as on lateral areas of mesosoma; basitarsus with dense, yellowish, sturdier setae on inner surface; chemical gathering tufts on second through fourth protarsomeres made of dense, orange, long, setae; mid- and hind legs with general vestiture similar to foreleg except as follows: coxae with dense plumose setae; basitarsi with dense, brownish, sturdy clothing on inner surfaces (mesobasitarsus with three major wavy setae); mesotibia with dense, simple, yellowish setae directed downwards on anterior surface, shorter scattered setae on posterior surface, microtrichia on outer mesotibial surface (velvety area) composed of dense, fulvous, simple, minute setae; anterior margin of velvety area concave, anterior mesotibial tuft oblong, diagonally oriented, composed of dense, pale, plumose setae becoming darker posteriorly; posterior tuft reduced, appearing as a semicircular posterior continuation of anterior tuft (although differentiated from it) (Fig. 6); metatibia with rather scattered setae on outer surface; metatibial organ slit closed with brown setae (Fig. 8). Metasomal terga appearing bare, but covered with dense, fulvous, simple minute setae with some scattered, dark sturdier setae, anterolateral corners of first tergum, lateral sections of second and third terga, and posterior margin of seventh tergum with long setae; second to sixth metasomal sterna covered with moderately dense, fulvous, simple, long setae, as long as those on frontal fringe, becoming sparser towards mesal area (Fig. 7).

Terminalia. Seventh metasomal sternum with posterior invagination bearing a fringe of simple setae on each side of invaginated area (Fig. 9); eighth metasomal sternum with posterior section triangular (dorsal or ventral view), lateral edges of posterior section straight or at most very shallowly invaginated (Fig. 10); posterior section covered with scattered, short, simple setae; dorsal surface of posterior section strongly convex (Fig. 11). Dorsal process of gonocoxite broader than long, appearing more like a semicircle; posterior margin of apical process of gonocoxite oblique (inner-posterior corner displaced posteriad) (Fig. 12); lateral area of gonostylar process of gonocoxite pronged; spatha surface with transversal-diagonal striae; lateral section of gonostylus large, extended with a concave surface facing inwards and covered with dense, m inutely-branched setae, gonostylar ventral lobe not very well differentiated from whole lateral section, but extended apically as an acute apex (Figs 12-14).

♀: Unknown.

Etymology.

The specific epithet is a patronym honoring Dr. Norris Williams, curator at the Florida Museum of Natural History, who granted access to the holotype and was also part of the team that collected it, and in recognition of his numerous contributions toward understanding the euglossine fauna.