Caprobolus andringitra Wesener, 2009

Wesener, Thomas, Enghoff, Henrik & Sierwald, Petra, 2009, Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of ' fire millipedes' (Diplopoda), ZooKeys 19 (19), pp. 1-128 : 76-77

Caprobolus andringitra Wesener , sp. n.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:331040CB-492C-483D-8D12-41B8265EB54D

Material examined: 6 ♂, 1 imm. Holotype: 1 ♂ (41 mm long), FMNH-INS 13601 , Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, Andringitra reserve, camp 3, 40 km S Ambalavao, along Volotsangana River , rainforest, 1210 m, 22°13’22’’ S, 46°58’18’’ E, leg. S. Goodman, 5–6.XII.1993 . Paratypes: 3 ♂, 1 imm., FMNH-INS 13600 , same data as holotype ; 1 ♂, FMNH-INS 13611 , same data as holotype ; 2 ♂, FMMC 8219 , RS Ivohibe , 900 m, rainforest, 22°25’ S, 46°56 ‘E, leg. S. Goodman, 7–12.X.1997 .

Other material examined: 1 ♂, CASENT 9032814, Province Fianarantsoa, Forêt de Vevembe, 66.6 km 293°WNW Farafangana, rainforest in transition to montane rainforest, 600 m, 22°47’28” S, 47°10’55” E, leg. B. L. Fisher et al., yellow pan trap, 23.IV.2006

Description. Measurements: male holotype with 44 rings, circa 41 mm long, 3.2 mm wide. Male paratypes with 43 or 44 rings (specimen from Vevembe with 46), up to 44 mm long, up to 3.5 mm wide.

Coloration faded in alcohol. Head, legs and antennae orange-red ( Figs 39 A–D). Anal valves and subanal scale reddish, preanal process greyish ( Fig. 39C ). Metazonites red, remaining parts of body rings up to ozopore openings orange-reddish, more dorsally greyish. Specimens dorsally with a slender, orange line.

Head: each eye with circa 24–28 ocelli arranged in 6 or 7 vertical rows ( Fig. 39D ). Labrum with standard three irregular teeth and a single row of 10–12 stout marginal setae. Clypeus with two setiferous foveolae on each side. Antennae long, protruding back to ring 6. Relative lengths of antennomeres: 1<<2=3=4=5=6, first antennomere very short ( Fig. 40A ). Terminal antennomere with four large sensory cones located together inside a membranous area ( Fig. 40B ). Antennomere 5 latero-apically with five rows ( Fig. 40C ), antennomere 6 with two rows ( Fig. 40B ) of sensilla basiconica.

Gnathochilarium lamellae linguales each with two standard setae located behind one another ( Fig. 39E ). Stipites each with three apical setae. Palpi of gnathochilarium with numerous sensilla. Hypopharyngeal crest with a field of spine-like structures ( Fig. 40D ). Central pads of endochilarium separated into two areas, a group of 6–8 sensilla located apically ( Fig. 40E ). Close to endochilarium with a large group of sensilla, located towards hypopharyngeal crest. Mentum basally subdivided by a membranous suture ( Fig. 39E ). Stipites each with a sclerotized ledge ( Fig. 39E )

Mandible external tooth simple, rounded; mesal tooth with three cusps ( Fig. 40F ). Seven to nine dense pectinate lamellae ( Fig. 40G ). Intermediate area between pectinate lamellae and molar plate almost completely absent. Molar plate short, only slightly longer than pectinate lamellae, with only six or seven transverse furrows ( Fig. 40F ).

Collum: smooth, not protruding as far as body ring 2 ( Fig. 39A ).

Body rings: mostly smooth, with some irregular punctation and some transverse impressions on mesozona. Ozopores starting at ring 6, touching suture between mesozona and metazona. Ozopore on ring 6 located more ventrally than subsequent ozopores.

Telson: anal valves with well-developed lips and micropunctation. Preanal ring and subanal process well-rounded, not extending beyond anal valves ( Fig. 39C ).

Legs: coxae 1 and 2 elongated and fused with sternum, podomeres from prefemur to tarsus in both sexes each with 4–10 ventral/mesal setae. Length of midbody legs circa 1.0 times body diameter in males ( Fig. 39F ). Each podomere with a pair of setae ventrally. Coxae 3 and beyond of cylindrical shape. Tarsus with a stout dorso-apical seta and three pairs of setae, apical pair stout, others successively smaller ( Fig. 39G ).

Male sexual characters: tarsal pads absent ( Fig. 39G ). Coxae 3 and 4 each with a short, conical coxal process. Process protruding posteriorly ( Fig. 39B ).

Anterior gonopod sternite elongated into a wide, almost rectangular lobe. Mesal process of coxite prominent, longer than telopodite, but shorter than telopodite process ( Fig. 41A ). Telopodite on anterior side with a circular opening for the posterior gonopods ( Fig. 41A ). Telopodite process very long, slender, slightly curved inwards. Shape resembling a sable ( Fig. 41B ), basally projecting to lateral side into a long, slen- der, well-rounded, retrorse process. Retrorse process laterally extending beyond telopodite ( Fig. 41B ).

Posterior gonopods unique ( Figs 41 C–E). Gonopod pair connected via a wellsclerotized sternite. Coxites and telopodites positioned parallel to those of opposite gonopod. Coxite wide, well-sclerotized, with a single groove ( Fig. 41C ). Coxite and telopodite separated by a suture. Telopodite massive, longer than and as wide as coxite ( Fig. 41C ). Telopodite basally divided into two branches ( Figs 41D, E ). Both branches of similar width and almost similar length, resembling a U ( Figs 41 C–E). Sperm canal protruding at base of U, running free but somehow attached to lateral main branch ( Fig. 41E ), tip prolonged into flagellum ( Fig. 41D ). Mesal branch of telopodite on anterior side medially with a finger-shaped process ( Fig. 41D ).

Female unknown.

Etymology: andringitra , noun in apposition, after the type locality, the Andringitra mountain massive.

Figures

Figure 39. Caprobolus andringitra sp. n., A–C male holotype, D–G male paratype A head, lateral view B legs 1–7, ventral view C telson D head, detail of eye and mandible E gnathochilarium, ventral view F right midbody leg, overview G tarsus of midbody leg, SEM. av = anal valves; Co = collum; Gn = gnathochilarium; L = ledge; LL = lamella lingualis; Md = mandible; Me = mentum; Pre = preanal ring; re = rectangular extension; ST = stipites. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 40. Caprobolus andringitra sp. n. male paratype, SEM. A antenna, overview B antenna, apical view on disc C antennomere 5 with sensilla basiconica D gnathochilarium, ventral view E endochilarium detail F left mandible, mesal view G mandible, detail of pectinate lamella. 3iT = 3-combed internal tooth; cp = central pads of endochilarium; Endo = endochilarium; eT = external tooth; L = ledge; LT = lateral tooth; Me = mentum; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamella; sb = sensilla basiconica; ST = stipites.

Figure 41. Caprobolus andringitra sp. n., male holotype. A anterior gonopod, anterior view B anterior gonopod, posterior view C right posterior gonopod, posterior view D right posterior gonopod, telopodite, posterior view E right posterior gonopod, telopodite, anterior view. cp = internal coxite process; Cx = coxite; rp = retrorse process; SC = free sperm canal; St = sternite; T = telopodite; T-ibr = inner branch of telopodite; T-mbr =main branch of telopodite; Tp = telopodite process. Scale bars = 1 mm.