Heterostylum evenhuisi, Cunha & Lamas, 2005

Cunha, André Mallemont & Lamas, Carlos José Einicker, 2005, Two new species of Heterostylum Macquart (Diptera, Bombyliidae, Bombyliinae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 1006 (1), pp. 23-32 : 25-28

Heterostylum evenhuisi n. sp.

( Figs. 1–5 )

Holotype male ( Figs. 1–2 ): Brazil, Ceará: Limoeiro , VI ­ 1940, Shannon & Alves, (26.494); deposited in MZSP.

Condition: good.

Diagnosis: H. evenhuisi n. sp. is easily segregated from H. maculipennis n.sp. by the color pattern of wing, which in the former, is hyaline except for the brown base. This character is shared by all other Brazilian species, but H. rufum has this tinted wing base with bands of different colors and the tergite V with yellow hairs laterally whereas it is entirely covered by brow hairs on H. evenhuisi n. sp. From H. ferrugineum , it differs by the general body color, which is yellow in this species and from H. hirsutum it can be distinguished by the entirely brown palpus and also by the color pattern of hairs on abdomen.

Body length: 8.7–10.5mm; wing length: 21.2–26.9mm.

Head: holoptic, front brown and gray pollinose, with dark brown hairs; ocellar tubercle dark brown and gray pollinose, with sparse dark brown bristles. Anterior ocellus separated from the lateral ones by a transverse row of dark brown bristles; face brown and gray pollinose, smoothly projecting, with dark brown hairs; oral margin with light brown pile dorsally and yellowish white laterally, also genae; antennae brown, scape with long dark brown bristles on outer surface, twice as long as pedicel; pedicel with short dark brown bristles on outer surface; flagellum dark brown, twice as long as scape, with one flagellomere and an apical style; proboscis dark brown projecting beyond the oral margin by 2/3 of its length; palpus dark brown, 1/9 of the length of the proboscis, with dark brown hairs; occiput yellow with yellow hairs on the upper half, white hairs on the lower half.

Thorax: mesonotum dark brown, with yellowish brown hairs dorsally and yellowish white laterally ( Fig. 1 ); scutellum brown with yellowish brown pile and dark brown bristles on posterior margin; supra­alar callus with sparse strong dark brown bristles and postalar callus with a row of strong dark brown bristles; pleura light brown and gray pollinose; anepisternum with hairs brown in basal half and yellow colored in apical portion; katepisternum with brown hairs; anepimeron, meron and laterotergite bare; metepisternum with hairs light brown basally and yellow at apex; squama with tuft of yellowish­white hairs; halter dark brown.

Legs: brown and light brown pollinose; all coxae brown and gray pollinose, with brown pile; all femora with apex of dorsal surface dark brown, with dark brown scales; femur III with a row of dark brown bristles on the distal 2/3 of anteroventral surface and small dark brown bristles at the apex of dorsal surface; all tibiae with dark brown bristles; tarsus with dark brown bristles; pulvilli light brown 2/3 as long as claws.

Wings: hyaline except for the brown base ( Fig. 1 ); the brownish area includes costal cell, basal half of br, basal 2/3 of bm, basal 1/3 of anal, basal 1/3 of axillary and entire alula; r­m crossvein at 1/2 of discal cell and anal cell open on wing margin by the length of the r­m crossvein.

Abdomen: tergite I dark brown with yellowish white hairs; tergites II and III dark brown, with dark brown hairs and two light brown lateral spots, with yellow hairs ( Fig. 1 ); tergite IV dark brown, with dark brown hairs on central 1/3 and light brown, with yellow hairs on lateral 1/3 ( Fig. 2 ); tergites V and VI dark brown with dark brown hairs; sternite I light brown, with yellowish brown hairs; sternites II–VI dark brown with dark brown hairs.

Genitalia: in lateral view with gonocoxa elongate and rounded at apex ( Fig. 4 ); epiphallus long, L­shaped apically ( Fig. 4 ), not conspicuously surpassing apex of posterior process of gonocoxa; gonostylus robust, with apical beak­like process ( Fig. 3 ); in dorsal view, lateral aedeagal apodeme short, not surpassing gonocoxal margins ( Fig. 3 ); ejaculatory apodeme short, not surpassing gonocoxal limits and not visible in lateral view.

Variation: Some degree of variation could be found in some males of the type series, such as: bristles on supra alar and postalar callus light brown; hairs on pleurae entirely yellow or brown; halter light brown with yellow knob; and the yellowish brown abdominal hairs paler, yellowish white.

Female: similar to the male, except for:

Body length: 8.1–10.7mm; wing length: 19.2–28.8mm.

Dichoptic eyes; front polished dark brown and brown pollinose, except on two circular areas below ocellar tubercle; scutum with golden pile and sparse brown hairs; scutellum light brown with golden pile and dark brown bristles on posterior margin; tergite VII light brown with yellow hairs at base and dark brown with dark brown hairs at apex. The light brown areas with yellow hairs are larger in the females than in males.

Spermathecae ( Fig. 5 ): furca U­shaped, with lateral processes enlarged apically; spermathecae elliptical, 1/5 wider than long, with well delimited base and longitudinal axis about 1/2 length of sperm pump; spermathecal ducts 3 x length of sperm pump, uniting to form a short common spermathecal duct; sperm pump placed in the middle 1/3 of the spermathecal duct; sclerotized collars reduced.

Examined Material: Paratypes. Brazil, Pará: Castanhal , VII­1964, 1 female, Sebastião Laroca ( DZUP) ; Bragança , 14­VIII­1977, 3 females, W. L. Overal ( MPEG) ; Ceará: Limoeiro , VI ­ 1940, 1 male (26.486) and 1 female (26.488), Shannon & Alves; deposited in the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii ( BPBM) ; 2 males (26.490 and 26.492) and 5 females (26.485, 26.487, 26.489, 26.491 and 26.493), Shannon & Alves; Russas , II­1940, 1 female (26.506), Shannon & Alves ( MZSP) ; Rio Grande do Norte: Ceará Mirim , X­1940, 1 female (26.541), D. Alves ( MZSP) ; Pernambuco: Petrolina , VII­ 1974, 5 females, N. Papavero ( MZSP) ; Goiás: Miranorie , BR 14 , III ­1965, 1 male and 1 female, L. Gomes ( MPEG) ; Bahia: Cachoeira de Paulo Afonso, Rio São Francisco , 11­ VII­1951, 1 male (954) ( MNRJ) ; São Paulo: Batatais , III­1943, 1 male (26.434) and 2 females (26.451 and 26.435), A. Stafuzza; IV­1945, 1 male (26.419), Pde. Pereira ( MZSP) ; Tamoio , XII­1944, 2 males (26.513 and 26.514), M. Barreto ( MZSP) .

Distribution: Brazil: Pará (Bragança, Castanhal), Ceará (Limoeiro, Russas), Rio Grande do Norte (Ceará Mirim), Pernambuco (Petrolina), Goiás (Miranorie), Bahia (Cachoeira de Paulo Afonso) e São Paulo (Batatais, Tamoio).

Etymology: Named for Neal Evenhuis (1952–) who has encouraged the senior author to work on Bombyliidae and in honor of his frequent contributions to the knowledge of world bee flies.

Figures

FIGURES 1–2. Holotype of Heterostylum evenhuisi n. sp. (1) General habitus, dorsal view; (2) General habitus, lateral view.

FIGURES 3–5. Heterostylum evenhuisi n. sp. (3) Male terminalia, dorsal view; (4) male terminalia, lateral view; (5) spermathecae.