Scarabaeus viettei ( Paulian, 1953 ), 2021

Montanaro, Giulio & Tarasov, Sergei, 2024, Beyond natural language: an ontology-based description of a new Scarabaeus dung beetle from Madagascar (Coleoptera, Scarabaeinae), Biodiversity Data Journal 12, pp. e 134364-e 134364 : e134364-

Scarabaeus viettei ( Paulian, 1953)

Madateuchus viettei : Paulian (1953): 25; Paulian and Lebis (1960): 12; Harrison et al. (2003): 349; Ziani and Gudenzi (2012): 139;

Scarabaeus viettei : Mostert and Scholtz (1986): 11; Zídek and Pokorný (2004): 10; Rahagalala et al. (2009): 71; Sole et al. (2011): 31; Deschodt et al. (2021): 4.

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: A. Peyrieras; individualCount: 5; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: A16A41AD-FA81-5488-BC2D-3F53D3C45779; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_names:275502; scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa Lake ; verbatimLocality: MADAGASCAR OUEST, ANPIJORO, Ankarafantsy Lac; decimalLatitude: - 16.312; decimalLongitude: 46.816; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates inferred from locality name; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: eventDate: 01-1976; Record Level: institutionID: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988; institutionCode: MNHN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: A. Peyrieras; individualCount: 13; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 747D9F5E-BB05-5CAE-AD82-3A5552796FF8; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_names:275502; scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa Lake ; verbatimLocality: MADAGASCAR OUEST, ANPIJORO, Ankarafantsy Lac; decimalLatitude: - 16.312; decimalLongitude: 46.816; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates inferred from locality name; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: eventDate: 01-1976; Record Level: institutionID: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988; institutionCode: MNHN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: CEC30914-A927-5C1B-8E73-FA8C6D7F7DF0; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ankarafantsika forest, Raharizonina ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar Nord-Ouest, det. Majunga, foręt Ankarafantsika 1200 m, Raharizonina ; decimalLatitude: - 16.25; decimalLongitude: 46.917; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates inferred from locality name; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: eventDate: 12-1959; Record Level: institutionID: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988; institutionCode: MNHN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Peyrieras; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 8A2EF327-5052-5B91-84A7-90519633C114; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa Lake ; verbatimLocality: Ankarafantsy, Lac Ampijoroa, Peyrieras-III; decimalLatitude: - 16.312; decimalLongitude: 46.816; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates inferred from locality name; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: eventDate: Peyrieras-III; Record Level: institutionID: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988; institutionCode: MNHN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Peyrieras; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: EA2E4B39-6E96-56A2-B92E-9DB6A21E9BD3; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa Lake ; verbatimLocality: Ankarafantsy, Lac Ampijoroa, Peyrieras-III; decimalLatitude: - 16.312; decimalLongitude: 46.816; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates inferred from locality name; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: eventDate: Peyrieras-III; Record Level: institutionID: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988; institutionCode: MNHN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: individualCount: 2; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 77C5EDEF-10AE-5357-B812-74C45749A48C; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampijoroa ; verbatimLocality: Ampijoroa, (XI / IX); decimalLatitude: - 16.312; decimalLongitude: 46.816; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates inferred from locality name; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Record Level: institutionID: http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988; institutionCode: MNHN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15819 ; recordedBy: Hanski group; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: E37678DE-4775-5166-A905-E7C661B168DA; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar, Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika; verbatimElevation: 256 m; verbatimCoordinates: 16 ° 19 ' 28 " S, 046 ° 55 ' 09 " E; decimalLatitude: - 16.3244; decimalLongitude: 46.9191; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: fish bait trap; eventDate: 23-11-2006; Record Level: institutionID: http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v; institutionCode: MZH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15820 ; recordedBy: Hanski group; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 6FFA3662-FB0D-54EC-A251-716F138B6B3B; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar, Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika; verbatimElevation: 256 m; verbatimCoordinates: 16 ° 19 ' 28 " S, 046 ° 55 ' 09 " E; decimalLatitude: - 16.3244; decimalLongitude: 46.9191; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: fish bait trap; eventDate: 23-11-2006; Record Level: institutionID: http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v; institutionCode: MZH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15821 ; recordedBy: Hanski group; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 112DB7C2-AE7A-507F-A804-910C523E4866; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar, Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika; verbatimElevation: 256 m; verbatimCoordinates: 16 ° 19 ' 28 " S, 046 ° 55 ' 09 " E; decimalLatitude: - 16.3244; decimalLongitude: 46.9191; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: fish bait trap; eventDate: 23-11-2006; Record Level: institutionID: http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v; institutionCode: MZH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15822 ; recordedBy: Hanski group; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 03730B41-3119-567D-9F07-87A98D3C84EB; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar, Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika; verbatimElevation: 256 m; verbatimCoordinates: 16 ° 19 ' 28 " S, 046 ° 55 ' 09 " E; decimalLatitude: - 16.3244; decimalLongitude: 46.9191; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: fish bait trap; eventDate: 23-11-2006; Record Level: institutionID: http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v; institutionCode: MZH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15826 ; recordedBy: Hanski group; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 974DA766-B5B6-57C8-B8B6-FC11114F5DAA; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar, Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika; verbatimElevation: 256 m; verbatimCoordinates: 16 ° 19 ' 28 " S, 046 ° 55 ' 09 " E; decimalLatitude: - 16.3244; decimalLongitude: 46.9191; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: fish bait trap; eventDate: 23-11-2006; Record Level: institutionID: http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v; institutionCode: MZH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15823 ; recordedBy: Hanski group; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 208F3440-6AB2-58CB-AAF1-5F689F69A930; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar, Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika; verbatimElevation: 256 m; verbatimCoordinates: 16 ° 19 ' 28 " S, 046 ° 55 ' 09 " E; decimalLatitude: - 16.3244; decimalLongitude: 46.9191; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: fish bait trap; eventDate: 23-11-2006; Record Level: institutionID: http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v; institutionCode: MZH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15824 ; recordedBy: Hanski group; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 1E2D8366-406B-5E11-BE2D-CB31C1249099; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar, Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika; verbatimElevation: 256 m; verbatimCoordinates: 16 ° 19 ' 28 " S, 046 ° 55 ' 09 " E; decimalLatitude: - 16.3244; decimalLongitude: 46.9191; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: fish bait trap; eventDate: 23-11-2006; Record Level: institutionID: http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v; institutionCode: MZH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15825 ; recordedBy: Hanski group; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: AD252859-E67C-5004-AC2B-AC8BB4E6BD2C; Taxon: scientificName: Scarabaeus viettei ; scientificNameAuthorship: ( Paulian, 1953); Location: country: Madagascar; stateProvince: Mahajanga; locality: Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika ; verbatimLocality: Madagascar, Ampondrabe, near Ankarafantsika; verbatimElevation: 256 m; verbatimCoordinates: 16 ° 19 ' 28 " S, 046 ° 55 ' 09 " E; decimalLatitude: - 16.3244; decimalLongitude: 46.9191; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: Giulio Montanaro; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: fish bait trap; eventDate: 23-11-2006; Record Level: institutionID: http://grbio.org/cool/2vmj-fp0v; institutionCode: MZH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Description

Fig. 2 c , d

male organism Catalog Number http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.15821

male organism has role in modeling TU denotes species species Parent Name Usage ID https://www.gbif.org/species/9074838 species Taxon ID https://www.gbif.org/species/4997091

male organism: ovate;

male organism, chitin-based cuticle chitin-based cuticle, lateral side encircles cuticular seta: red brown; chitin-based cuticle, ventral side encircles cuticular seta: red brown; chitin-based cuticle: black; chitin-based cuticle: glistening;

male organism, antenna with 9 antennomeres antenna with 9 antennomeres, antennal club antennal club, flagellomere 5: present; antennal club, flagellomere 6: present; antennal club, flagellomere 7: present; antenna with 9 antennomeres: red brown;

male organism, insect leg encircles cuticular seta: red brown;

male organism, genal margin genal margin, posterior region: right angle to; genal margin, anterior region anterior region: protruding; anterior region: acute angle to;

male organism, head margin at genoclypeal sulcus: notched;

male organism, lateral clypeal tooth 1: acute angle to;

male organism, lateral clypeal tooth 2: acute angle to;

male organism, clypeal margin between clypeal teeth 1 clypeal margin between clypeal teeth 1: acute angle to; clypeal margin between clypeal teeth 1: notched;

male organism, clypeal margin between clypeal teeth 1 and 2 clypeal margin between clypeal teeth 1 and 2: acute angle to; clypeal margin between clypeal teeth 1 and 2: notched;

male organism, frons frons, cuticular carina cuticular carina: bilaterally paired; cuticular carina: transverse orientation; cuticular carina: decreased length; frons: protruding;

male organism, vertex, granulated cuticle: present;

male organism, gena, dorsal region dorsal region, medial region, granulated cuticle: present; dorsal region, lateral region: wrinkled;

male organism, clypeus, dorsal region, anterior region: wrinkled;

male organism, glossa: present;

male organism, epipharynx: present;

male organism, insect maxilla: present;

male organism, maxillary palpus with 4 palpomeres: present;

male organism, labial palpus with 3 palpomeres: present;

male organism, pronotum pronotum, dorsal region: convex; pronotum, lateral margin: curved; pronotum, posterior margin: curved; pronotum, row of punctures coincident with posterior margin pronotum: width larger than length of pronotum

male organism, anterolateral pronotal angle anterolateral pronotal angle: sharp; anterolateral pronotal angle: oblique orientation;

male organism, lateral pronotal carina lateral pronotal carina, row of punctures: present; lateral pronotal carina: serrated;

male organism, pronotal disc, punctate cuticle, cuticular puncture: sparse;

male organism, elytron with 9 striae elytron with 9 striae, dorsal region: microreticulate; elytron with 9 striae, elytral interstria elytral interstria, punctate cuticle, cuticular puncture: sparse; elytral interstria, granulated cuticle, cuticular granule cuticular granule: decreased size; cuticular granule: flattened;

male organism, elytral interstria 8, proximal region, cuticular carina adjacent to elytral stria 7 of male organism

male organism, elytral interstria 9, proximal region, cuticular carina adjacent to elytral stria 8 of male organism

male organism, scutellar shield: concealed;

male organism, hind wing hind wing: present; hind wing: normal;

male organism, abdomen with 8 sternites: present;

male organism, abdominal sternite VIII, cuticular groove cuticular groove adjacent to postero-lateral margin of abdominal sternite VIII cuticular groove: bilaterally paired;

male organism, abdominal tergite VIII abdominal tergite VIII, cuticular puncture cuticular puncture: multiple; cuticular puncture: sparse; abdominal tergite VIII, anterior groove of tergite VIII: present; abdominal tergite VIII, anterior carina of tergite VIII: present; abdominal tergite VIII, distal border of tergite VIII, posterior region: increased length; abdominal tergite VIII: convex; abdominal tergite VIII: microreticulate;

male organism, protarsus with 5 protarsomeres: present;

male organism, mesotarsus with 5 mesotarsomeres: present;

male organism, metatarsus with 5 metatarsomeres: present;

male organism, protibia protibia, dorsal protibial cuticular tooth 1: present; protibia, dorsal protibial cuticular tooth 2: present; protibia, dorsal protibial cuticular tooth 3: present; protibia, dorsal protibial cuticular tooth 4: decreased size; protibia, ventral margin: serrated; protibia, ventral margin, proximal region: serrated; protibia: curved;

male organism, dorsal protibial margin between protibial teeth 1 and 2: scalloped;

male organism, dorsal protibial margin between protibial teeth 2 and 3: scalloped;

male organism, dorsal protibial margin between protibial teeth 3 and 4: scalloped;

male organism, profemur, antero-ventral margin, distal region, cuticular spine: flattened;

male organism, mesotibia mesotibia, distal region, cuticular spine in homology relationship with mesotibial spur; mesotibia, dorsal region, proximal region, mesotibial carina: length larger than length of mesotibial carina of medial region of dorsal region

male organism, metatibia metatibia, distal region, cuticular spine in homology relationship with metatibial spur; metatibia, dorsal region, metatibial carina: length similar in magnitude relative to length of metatibial carina of dorsal region of metatibia

male organism, mesofemur mesofemur, anterior region, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: multiple; mesofemur, ventral margin, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: multiple; mesofemur, dorsal margin, distal region, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: multiple;

male organism, mesotibial posteroventral carina, row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present;

male organism, mesotibial anteroventral carina, row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present;

male organism, mesotibial anterodorsal carina, row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present;

male organism, mesotibial posterodorsal carina, row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present;

male organism, metafemur metafemur, anterior region, row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present; metafemur, dorsal margin, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: multiple; metafemur, ventral margin, proximal region, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: multiple;

male organism, metatibial posteroventral carina, row of punctures row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present; row of punctures, distal region, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: amount larger than amount of simple setigerous cuticular puncture of proximal region of row of punctures

male organism, metatibial anteroventral carina, row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present;

male organism, metatibial anterodorsal carina, row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present;

male organism, metatibial posterodorsal carina, row of punctures, simple setigerous cuticular puncture: present;

male organism, parameres parameres, dorsal margin: concave; parameres, ventral margin: obtuse; parameres, distal region distal region, ventral margin: concave; distal region, dorsal margin: obtuse angle to; distal region: dorso-ventrally flattened; parameres: asymmetrical;

male organism, left paramere, ventral margin, cuticular protrusion: present;

male organism, frontolateral peripheral endophallite frontolateral peripheral endophallite, distal region: notched; frontolateral peripheral endophallite: flattened; frontolateral peripheral endophallite: elongated;

male organism, axial endophallite: present;

male organism, subaxial endophallite: present;

male organism, superior right peripheral endophallite, lateral region: ring shaped;

male organism, raspula, cuticular spine cuticular spine: multiple; cuticular spine: elongated;

male organism, posterior longitudinal hypomeral carina: absent;

male organism, anterior hypomeral carina: absent;

male organism, lamella copulatrix: absent;

male organism, length = 21.5, unit: millimeter;

Sexual dimorphism

Females differ from males by the following external characters: i) absence of head frontal carinae, which are replaced by a conical medial tubercle; ii) ventral and anterior margins of protibiae not serrated; iii) setae of posteroventral carina uniformly distributed, without denser rows distally; iv) abdominal tergite VIII shorter and 7 th abdominal sternite longer.

Variation

Body size ranges from 21.5 to 23.0 mm (n = 3).

Diagnosis

See diagnosis of S. sakalava .

Distribution

S. viettei seems to be a narrow endemic of Ankarafantsika Forest in north-eastern Madagascar, Boeny Region (see Fig. 5 ).

Ecology

Similarly to S. sakalava (see above), this species seems to be restricted to dry deciduous forest habitats. It was collected using cattle dung, human dung and rotten fish ( Rahagalala et al. 2009).

Conservation

The known distribution of the species falls within the Ankarafantsika National Park, which should guarantee, for now, the protection of this species.

Etymology

The species was dedicated by Paulian to Pierre E. L. Viette (1921–2011), who collected the holotype. Viette was a French entomologist specialised in Lepidoptera, who conducted several expeditions to Madagascar and other islands in the Indian Ocean ( Wikipedia 2021).

Figures

Figure 5. Distribution map of Malagasy Scarabaeus annotated with ecoregions.

Figure 2 c. S. viettei (Paulian, 1953), male;

Figure 2 d. S. viettei, female.