Grishin, Zhang & Cong & Shen & Grishin, 2022

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui & Grishin, Nick V., 2022, Taxonomic changes suggested by the genomic analysis of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera), Insecta Mundi 2022 (921), pp. 1-135 : 96

Calvetta Grishin , new genus

http://zoobank.org/ 8EA0229D-7B8C-4D34-AC64-4A7FEAE2D5F4

Type species. Hesperia calvina Hewitson, 1866

Definition. With species previously placed in Cobalus Hübner, [1819] (type species Papilio virbius Cramer, 1777 ), this genus is not monophyletic with it ( Fig. 17 ). Keys to K. 22.2 in Evans (1955). Distinguished from its relatives by the following combination of characters: mid-tibiae without spines, palpi orange-yellow on the sides. uncus broad-ended, expanded on the sides (instead of nearly rectangular in Cobalus ), narrower in lateral view, harpe wider separated from ampulla without teeth or processes. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic: aly527.15.2:T105G, aly281.17.1:A271C, aly451.25.1:T1415A, aly6002.2.1:A223G, and aly6002.2.1:T310A.

Etymology. The name is a feminine noun in the nominative singular formed from the type species name with elaborations to avoid homonyms.

Species included. Only the type species.

Parent taxon. Subtribe Carystina Mabille, 1878 .

Comments. Hesperia discors Plötz, 1882 is known only from its description and unpublished illustration. Evans (1955) misunderstood the concept of Hesperia discors Plötz, 1882 and placed it next to C. calvina in Cobalus , where neither of these species belongs. Calvetta new genus would be a better place for H. discors than Cobalus . Until its type specimens are found or H. discors is re-discovered, we are not able to place it with confidence, but venture a tentative assignment of H. discors to Carystina Evans, 1955 next to C. lysiteles ( Mabille, 1891) due to similarities in wing patterns.

Moeros Evans, 1955, Argon Evans, 1955, and Synale Mabille, 1904 are subgenera of Carystus Hübner, [1819]

Moeros Evans, 1955 (type and the only species Proteides moeros Möschler, 1877 ), Argon Evans, 1955 (type species Carystus argus Möschler, 1879 , which is a junior subjective synonym of the only valid species name in the genus Hesperia lota Hewitson, 1877 ), and Synale Mabille, 1904 (type species Papilio hylaspes Stoll, 1781 ) form a prominent clade together with Carystus Hübner, [1819] (type species Papilio jolus Stoll, [1782] ) ( Fig. 17 ). Moreover, some of the species currently placed in Carystus should belong to Synale . For these reasons, we propose to treat Moeros, Argon, and Synale as subgenera of Carystus , and transfer the following species from the subgenus Carystus to the subgenus Synale : Carystus phorcus ( Cramer, 1777) , Carystus diores (Plötz, 1882) , Carystus junior Evans, 1955 , and Carystus ploetzi O. Mielke and Casagrande, 2002 .

Figures

Figure 17. Genomic tree of Carystina, Pericharini, Megathymini and relatives. Clades corresponding to new subtribes described in this work are highlighted in green. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations.