Circumphallidae, Papp, 2011

Papp, L., 2011, Description Of A New Genus And A New Family, Circumphallidae Fam. Nov., Of The Acalyptrate Flies (Diptera), Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 57 (4), pp. 315-341 : 320-328

Circumphallidae familia nova

Type genus: Circumphallus L. Papp, 2011

Description. Head with 1 strong fronto-orbital seta, 1 pair of widely divergent postocellars. Outer and inner verticals and ocellars strong, interfrontal setae, as well as vibrissa, absent. Stronger genal setae present. Arista short pectinate dorsally. Proboscis with a thick sharp apical seta.

Figs 13–14 , 0.4 mm for Figs 15–16

(outset: cerci in normal position). Scales: 0.2 mm for Fig. 28 , 0.1 mm for Figs 26–27

Figs 29–30, 32 , 0.1 mm for Fig. 31

Thorax: 1 presutural + 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae. Acrostichals small and not ordered: no sagittal row or paired rows. No propleural (stigmatical), anepisternal or katepisternal setae; katepisternum with some short setulae. Postpronotal seta present.

Wing clear without dark pattern. Costa with subcostal and posthumeral constrictions (“breaks”) and prehumeral attenuation. Costal setae long and numerous ( Fig. 2 ). Subcostal vein entire and not broken or thinned apically. Vein R 1 bare, with microtrichia as strong as on wing membrane, as well as other veins except costal. Alula reduced and no remnant of vein A 2 discernible.

Legs: tibiae without long setae, no dorsal preapicals.

Male abdomen: 5 preabdominal segments developed ( Fig. 33 ). Postabdominal segments (including genitalia) hidden underneath tergite 5 ( Fig. 1 ). Postabdominal segments reduced and fused forming a short open ring ( Fig. 3 ), its sternite 6 part narrow, setulose, tergites 6–8 strongly reduced, their remnants fused with other sclerites. Spiracles 5 and 6 paired, symmetrical; spiracle 7 indiscernible or absent. Epandrium bare, except ventral apices bearing 4 setulae. Inner surstylus ( Figs 6–7 ) not fused to epandrium, with 11 thick blunt prensisetae (thickened setae). Cerci (or proctiger) membranous, indiscernible small vertical without longer setae; no sclerotised subepandrial sclerite present. Phallus with oval basiphallus (no epiphallus) and very thin ribbon-like distiphalus coiled twice over epandrium ( Figs 8–9 ). Ejaculator large, massive, with fan-like apodeme ( Fig. 10 ). Hypandrium plus other genital parts almost entirely membranous, with only 5 sclerotised parts: massive, hollow-like apodeme and two pairs of sclerites attached to it: smaller sclerites attached to apodeme next to basiphallus (remainders of parameres?) and longer asymmetrical bar-like sclerites attached to apodeme anterior portion (similar apodeme vanes in other Tephritoidea ( Fig. 11 ).

Remarks. The new family belongs probably to the superfamily Tephritoidea in the wide sense ( MCALPINE 1989, KORNEYEV 1999) and in the paraphyletic group of so-called “Lower Tephritoidea ” ( KORNEYEV 1999, HAN & RO 2005) (Pallopteroidea sensu HENNIG 1958) sharing them a unique combination of characters: tibiae without long setae, dorsal preapical tibial setae absent (present only in Eurygnathomyia ), tergite 6 of male vanishingly small, spiracle 6 of male present, phallus long, ribbon-like, apodeme of ejaculator large, fan-like. The most important characters, including those of the male postabdomen and genitalia are summarised in Table 1.

Figures

Figs 13–16. Gorbunia insularis OZEROV, 1993, male genitalia.13 = postabdomen and epandrium in an extended position, ventral view (spr: spiracles, T: tergite), 14 = epandrium and phallic complex in ventral view, 15 = epandrium and cercus, caudal view, 16 = ejaculatory apodeme. Scales: 0.2 mm for

Fig. 26–28. Eurygnathomyia bicolor (Zetterstedt, 1838).26–27 = the third sclerotised structure (ventral receptacle) of the female inner genitalia: 26 = in the view perpendicular to the broadest, 27 = in the broadest view. 28 = male epandrium, fused cerci (somewhat flattened) and surstyli, caudal view

Figs 29–32. Eurygnathomyia bicolor (ZETTERSTEDT, 1838), male genitalia. 29 = epandrium, surstylus and cercus, right lateral view, 30 = surstylus inner (medial) view, 31 = ejaculatory apodeme, broadest view, 32 = inner genitalia with basal part of distiphallus, lateral view. Scales: 0.2 mm for

Figs 1–2. Circumphallus significans sp. n., holotype male. 1 = 5th abdominal segment and postabdomen with genitalia(ejaculatory apodeme and distiphallus omitted, surstyli schematic), 2 = humeral

Figs 33–35. Circumphallus significans sp. n., holotype male. 33 = habitus; photo taken before abdomen was removed; 34 = right wing; 35 = abdomen, lateral view

Figs 3–7. Circumphallus significans sp. n., holotype male. 3 = all postabdominal sclerites (syntergosternite) in the view, when dorsal part is at widest, 4 = postabdominal sclerites (syntergosternite), left lateral view, 5 = same, right lateral view, 6–7 = surstylus: 6 = subanterior-sublateral view, 7 = apical

Figs 8–12. Circumphallus significans sp. n., holotype male. 8 = phallus and contours of epandrium, 9 = basal part of phallus and medial part of its second circle in higher magnification, 10 = ejaculatory apodeme, broadest view, 11 = hypandrial plates with basiphallus and contours of epandrium, surstyli and base of phallapodeme ventral view (dashed: insertion surface of phallapodeme and distiphallus/basiphallus), 12 = phallapodeme with edges of surstyli and contours of basiphallus, in its broadest, i.e.