Leobodes trypasis, Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter & Leiva, Sergio, 2018

Fernandez, Nestor, Theron, Pieter & Leiva, Sergio, 2018, Two new species of the family Nippobodidae (Acari, Oribatida), including a description of the leg-folding process, ZooKeys 781, pp. 109-139 : 109

Leobodes trypasis sp. n. Figures 54-58, 59-61, 62-70, 71-72, 73-76

Etymology.

The specific epithet “trypasis” is derived from τρύπα in Greek meaning a hole, due to the characteristics of the anterior prodorsum.

Diagnosis.

Rostrum ovoid; smooth cuticula with isolated verrucous tubercles; setae ro sigmoid; setae le curved, directing forward and upward; setae in slightly sigmoid, directing forward; deep round-ovoid posterior prodorsal depression; massive posterior prodorsal condyles, posterolaterally located, extending anteromedially to form a curved bridge, interlocking medially in undulate zone. Lateral lamellae, curved ribbon; frontal orifice, heart shaped; translamella curved; tutorium welded to lateral prodorsal wall, determining pocket structure, sharply tipped, but welded to lateral prodorsal wall; sensillus sickle-shaped, strongly curved, upwards; long stalk, swollen middle zone, apically long sharp end. Anterior notogastral depression deep, ovoid-elongate shape; humeral apophysis overlapping posterior prodorsal condyle, extending to the proximity of interlamellar setae; circumgastric depression, surrounding whole entire notogaster; setae c hook-shaped; flat smooth surface surrounding laterally whole notogaster; flat, smooth lateral ledge, surrounding entire notogaster; anterior zone, ribbon shaped; genital plate smaller than anal plate.

Material examined.

Holotype: ♀ Female "VN 12/03c Vietnam. Vinh Phuc Prov. evergreen Forest 1 km SE Tam Dao city. 21°26'49"N, 105° 39'06"E. 13/14/V/2012. Leg. P. Schwendinger & A. Schulz".

Description.

Measurements. SEM: 680 (610-750) × 336 (302-400) (n = 5). Light microscopy: 701 × 341 (n = 1); all specimens female.

Shape. Oval (Figure 54).

Colour. Dark brown to black; slightly shiny when observed in reflected light.

Cerotegument. Not present.

Integument. Microsculpture varying according to body region: Smooth: p.pr.co interior zone; transversal bridge-shaped structure (a.pr.b) (Figures 54, 55, 58); superior Lam zone; superior and apical region Tu (on Figures 56, 65 indicated by ❄). Notogaster: central zone; marginal zone between s.c and b.ng (on Figure 62 indicated by ❄); flat lateral ledge (la.le) situated immediately above b.ng (see below) (on Figures 62, 63 indicated by ❄); epimeral zone (on Figures 71, 72 indicated by ❄); infracapitulum (on Figure 71 indicated by ❄). Tuberculate (two types). Small tubercles: prodorsal zone below frontal orifice (a.o) and between setae le (on Figure 56 indicated by ➠); large verrucous tubercles (Figure 70): isolated tubercles, dispersed on prodorsum (Figures 56 indicated by ✱), notogaster (Figure 55, indicated by ✱), and ventral zone (Figure 62, indicated by ✱). Rugose: external zone h.ap, external zone of pr.co (Figures 54, 55, 56, 58 indicated by ⛭). Reticulate-foveate: basal zone of Lam, (Figure 62, indicated by ❖); Tu (Figure 62, indicated by ❖); Pd I anterior zone. Sulcate: area of bothridial opening (Figure 64, indicated by ➡).

Setation (legs not included). Simple, smooth: subcapitular setae a. Simple, small, dentate, parallel longitudinal ridges (Figure 66): prodorsal (Figures 67, 68), notogastral (Figure 57, 69), epimeral, subcapitular m, h; genital, aggenital, adanal, and anal setae.

Prodorsum. More or less triangular in dorsal view, central posterior concave; lateral view: polyhedral (Figure 62); lateral posterior zone with double hook, interlocking posterior prodorsal condyle (p.pr.co) and h.ap anterior zone (Figures 54, 55). Rostrum ovoid. Smooth cuticula with some isolate verrucous tubercles (Figures 56, 58) on zone delimited by rostrum and ro setal insertion level. Setae ro, le, in inserted each on large tubercle; ro sigmoid, directing forward (Figure 67), length 150 (142-161) (n = 10); le setae curved, directing forward and upward, length: 106 (102-112) (n = 10), situated on apical lamellar zone (Figures 56, 68); setae in length: 178 (172-190) (n = 10); slightly sigmoid, directing forward, situated externally, anterior to h.ap (which overlaps with posterior prodorsal zone) and posterior to rugose lateral zone of p.pr.co (Figures 56); p.p.d clearly discernible, deep, round-ovoid in shape (Figure 54, 55, 56, 58). Massive p.pr.co, hook-shaped, located posterolaterally; anteromedially curved bridge (a.pr.b), interlocking medially in an undulate zone (Figures 54, 55, 56, 58).

Lamellae (Lam) clearly visible; lateral longitudinal rib, dorsally concave (Figure 56, 57). Conspicuous heart-shaped a.o (Figures 56, 58), located below the a.pr.b, and between setae le, limited inferiorly by Translamella (trl); trl. a curved structure, running parallel to and below a. o (Figure 56). Tu well developed; welded to lateral prodorsal wall, determining a pocket (Figures 56 indicated by ➧); large sharp tip (Figures 54, 58 indicated by ⇣). Bo complex (Figures 62, 64), situated under la.le (see: Lateral region). Si (Figure 64) sickle-shaped, strongly curved, directing upward with long stalk, followed by swollen zone, long sharp apical tip; plentiful small asperities and small barbs on swollen zone (Figure 64); length: 150 (146-161) (n = 12).

Notogaster. Deep, elongate ovoid n.a.d present, extending from posterior to more or less half of total notogastral length; medial posterior n.a.d zone, open without clearly defined margin; n.a.d lateral marginal zone with three lines; more externally: a short, concave line on interior of h.ap margin; rectilinear central line; third line lateral to posterior margin (Figure 54). Anterior h.ap zone overlapping p.pr.co (double hook), extending to the proximity of setae in (Figures 54, 56); s.c completely surrounding the notogaster; originating at level of la setal insertion, running internally to setae h3, p3, p2, p1 (Figures 54, 55, 62 trajectory indicated by ●).

Ten pairs of setae: c, la, lm, lp, h1, h2, h3, p1, p2, p3 (Figures 60, 62); setae c hook-shaped (Figure 69), situated on lateral margin of n.a.d (Figures 54, 55, 56); four pairs situated marginally: p1, p2, p3, h3; four, more or less aligned pairs lm, lp, h2, h1, situated internally (Figure 55); lp, h2,h1 on medial shallow furrow (m.f); only clearly discernible in dorsoposterior view (on Figure 55 indicated by ❖); setae la situated between h3, p1, p2, p3 and lm, lp, h2, h1 (Figures 54, 55). Setal lengths. c: 167 (156-172); la: 100 (83-102); lm: 75 (72-81); lp: 83 (81-89); h3: 125 (123-131); h2:145 (93-147); h1: 154 (101-162); p3: 125 (100-132); p2: 145 (116-137); p1: 73 (71-78).

Lateral region. The tutorium (Tu) strong, large lamina, attached to prodorsal wall, determining a pocket structure; terminating anteriorly in long sharp tip (Figure 65); the welded zone of Tu is U-shaped, and the claw of leg I is extended outwards during the leg-folding process (Figure 56) (see Leg-folding process).

Lamella (Lam) forming conspicuous curved ribbon (Figure 56, 59); running more or less parallel to Tu margin; setae le situated on promontories on apical zone. Pd I: prominent lamina, directing forward, slightly tilted down. Pd II a small lamina, rounded apex; on basal zone a small hump directing outwards (Figure 62). The area immediately above b.ng is flat, smooth, surrounding the entire notogaster (Figure 62, trajectory indicated by ⇣); this flat surface, forms a prominent la.le, parallel to h.ap (Figure 62); la.le anterior zone, ribbon shaped, (Figure 59, 62, 63); b.ng slightly convex (Figure 62).

Bo complex: polyhedral, situated below la.le (Figure 64); bothridial opening situated at the bottom of a long U-shaped structure; inferior zone with sulcate microsculpture (Figure 64), indicated by ➡); bothridial opening ovoid, surrounded by smooth bo.ri; s.c clearly visible, originating at level of la insertion setal level (Figure 62 indicated by ●).

Ventral zone. Epimeral chaetotaxy 3-1-3-2 (Figures 61, 71, 72); setae 1c, 3c, 4b situated marginally; setal lengths: 1a: 35 (32-38); 1b: 35 (30-37); 1c: 29 (25-31); 2a: 12 (10-15); 3a: 22.5 (20-25); 3b: 38 (35-42); 3c: 18 (16-19); 4a: 50 (45-52); 4b: 38 (41-45); epimeral borders clearly visible; bo.sj crossing transverse medial plane (Figure 72); bo.3 small; apodemes apo.1, apo.2, apo.dj, apo.3 clearly visible (Figure 61). Pd I, Pd II clearly discernible (Figures 71, 72).

Genital aperture rectangular, anterior margin rounded, four pairs of setae: g1: 71 (68-73); g2: 49 (44-52); g3: 37 (34-43); g4: 35 (31-38); Elevated ridge surrounding genital opening medially and towards posterior zone (Figure 72, indicated by ✱), in posterior zone a small vertical column present (Figure 71, 72 indicated by ⇣); setae ag distanced from genital opening (Figures 71, 72); length: 73 (71-83). Posterior limit epimere IV, oblique lineal ridge laterally directed (Figure 71, 72 indicated by ➧); originating in anterior zone of genital plate (Figures 71, 72 indicated by ➧). Complex structure lateral to setae ag, with a longitudinal cuticular elevation, parallel furrow and promontories (see leg folding "locking structure"); genital plate smaller than anal plate (Figures 71, 72).

Anal aperture more or less rectangular with rounded anterior and posterior zones; two pairs of anal setae (Figures 61, 71, 72), length: 37 (35-39); three pairs of adanal setae: ad1: 73 (71-75); ad2: 75 (73-78); ad3: 80 (77-83). Three pairs of subcapitular setae: h, m simple, barbate; a simple, smooth: lengths: a: 12 (9-15); m: 29 (28-33); h: 42 (39-45).

Legs (Figures 73-76, Table 2). Very small genua and long tibia in all legs. Femur III with f.g (Figure 75) (see Leg-folding process). Setal formulae: I (1-4-2-4-16-1) (1-2-2); II (1-4-3-2-15-1) (1-1-2); III (2-3-1-2-15-1) (0-1-0); IV (1-2-1-2-14-1) (0-1-0).