Cystoderma carpaticum M.M. Moser (1979: 272)

Saar, Irja, Mešić, Armin, Tkalčec, Zdenko, Peintner, Ursula & Kušan, Ivana, 2016, Cystoderma carpaticum (Basidiomycota, Agaricales), a rare fungus newly recorded from Croatia, Phytotaxa 269 (1), pp. 21-32 : 26

Cystoderma carpaticum M.M. Moser (1979: 272) . Figs. 3 , 4

Synonyms: Lepiota carpatica (M.M. Moser) M.M. Moser (1983: 237) .

Echinoderma carpaticum (M.M. Moser) E. Horak (2005: 508) .

Illustrations: Moser (1979: 273, figure 1), Moser & Jülich (1985 –2007: Lepiota 1), Kujawa et al. (2016: 204, figure 2).

Pileus 16–37 mm, hemispherical to convex, with involute to inflexed and appendiculate margin, densely covered with obtuse and pyramidal warts, with remnants of partial veil at margin, dry, pale yellow, straw yellow, saffron yellow to yellow ochre, warts mostly lighter than background, often whitish. Lamellae adnexed, some narrowly adnate or emarginate, rather crowded, whitish to cream, edge entire and concolorous. Stipe 28–75 × 4–8 mm, sometimes partially buried in rotten wood, subcylindrical or broadened at base (up to 10 mm), solid, concolorous with pileus, finely striate and minutely flocculose above annular zone, with evanescent floccose-scaly annular zone, below densely granular floccose, with white, tomentose basal mycelium. Context whitish to cream in pileus, whitish to pale yellowish brown in pileus. Odour like young basidiomes of Lycoperdon spp. when cut (reminiscent of rubber or gas). Taste acrid/ bitter.

Basidiospores [75/3/3] (2.9–)3.0– 3.5 –4.0(–4.1) × (2.3–)2.4– 2.8 –3.3(–3.6) μm, Q = 1.0– 1.2 –1.6, Qav = 1.2–1.3, globose to ellipsoid, smooth, thin-walled, hyaline, distinctly amyloid. Basidia clavate to narrowly clavate, hyaline, (2-, 3-) 4-spored, 16–27 × 4–5.5 μm. Cystidia absent. Hymenophoral trama regular. Pileipellis formed by chains of (sub-)globose, oblong or cylindric elements,10–56 × 6–27 μm, thin-walled, smooth or faintly rugulose, pigment intracellular, brownish yellow in H 2 O, not darkening in KOH; arthrospores absent. Clamp connections present, abundant in all tissues.

Habitat:—On strongly rotten Fagus sylvatica L. wood, in Croatia in (secondary) virgin forests of F. sylvatica and F. sylvatica , Abies alba Mill. and Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.

Material examined:— AUSTRIA. Niederösterreich: Wilhelmsburg, 06 Jan 1988, leg. W. Klofac ( WU 0006835, as Lepiota carpatica ). CROATIA. Zagreb County: Žumberak - Samoborsko gorje Nature Park, near Gornja Vas, elev. 906 m, 45°47′27″N, 15°26′55″E, secondary virgin forest of Fagus sylvatica with scattered Acer pseudoplatanus L., on rotten log of F. sylvatica , 28 Sep 2013, leg. M. Čerkez ( CNF 1/6652); Lika-Senj County: Čorkova uvala virgin forest, Plitvička jezera National Park, elev. 855 m, 44°55′01″N, 15°30′46″E, virgin forest of F. sylvatica , Abies alba and Picea abies , on rotten log of F. sylvatica , 17 Sep 2015, leg. A. Mešić & Z. Tkalčec ( CNF 1/7034). CZECH REPUBLIC. Frýdek-Místek Distr.: Moravskoslovenské Beskydy Mts., 5 km SW of Bilá, Salajka National Nature Reserve, on Fagus trunk, 18 Oct 1970, leg. J. Kuthan ( BRA-CR 23334, as Lepiota carpatica ). POLAND. Subcarpathian Voivodeship: Bieszczady National Park, near Wetlina, ca. 49°08′26″N, 22°32′38″E, on rotten Fagus trunk, 21 Sep 1975, leg. M. M. Moser 75/290 ( IB 19750290, holotype).

Remarks:— Two specimens, BRA-CR23334 from Czech Republic and WU0006835 from Austria, were misidentified and belong to Cystoderma subvinaceum , the North American species that was already reported in Europe from Austria ( Hausknecht 1994). Kujawa et al. (2016), Błażej Gierczyk (pers. comm.) and Marek Halama (pers. comm.) reported C. carpaticum from Hylaty valley near the type locality in Bieszczady National Park, Poland. C. carpaticum was also reported from Prešov Self-Governing Region in Slovakia ( Anonymous 2011), but we could not obtain a voucher specimen to confirm this record.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Cystoderma carpaticum. Fresh basidiomes:A = CNF 1/6652, B = CNF 1/7034. Scale bars 10 mm. Photos by M. Čerkez (A), A. Mešić & Z. Tkalčec (B).

FIGURE 4. Cystoderma carpaticum: A. pileipellis (CNF 1/7034), B–C. basidia (under PhC) (CNF 1/6652), D. basidiospores (under PhC) (CNF 1/6652). Scale bars A = 20 μm, B–C = 5 μm (in C), D = 5 μm. Photos by Z. Tkalčec.