Diplolepis Geoffroy, 1762 (Diplolepididae: Diplolepidinae)

Nastasi, Louis F., Buffington, Matthew L., Davis, Charles K. & Deans, Andrew R., 2024, Key to the North American tribes and genera of herb, rose, bramble, and inquiline gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Cynipidae sensu lato), ZooKeys 1196, pp. 177-207 : 177

Diplolepis Geoffroy, 1762 (Diplolepididae: Diplolepidinae)

Figs 76-79 , 90 , 91

Type species.

Cynips rosae Linnaeus, 1758.

Diagnosis.

Pronotum distinctly short and narrow dorsomedially, without distinct plate or pits. Scutellar foveae faint or absent, never distinct and well impressed. Mesopleuron with broad crenulate medial impression. Female hypopygium plowshare-shaped.

Note.

Diplolepidinae includes 34 described North American species in Diplolepis Geoffroy which induce structurally diverse galls (Figs 90 , 91 ) on Rosa ( Rosaceae ) and are widely distributed in the US and Canada ( Nastasi and Deans 2021). Recent phylogenomic studies ( Blaimer et al. 2020; Hearn et al. 2023) showed that the tribe Diplolepidini clustered together with Pediaspidini outside of the core Cynipidae , causing Cynipidae to form a paraphyletic grade at the base of Cynipoidea . Hearn et al. (2023) raised the former tribe Diplolepidini to subfamily rank ( Diplolepidinae ) within the family Diplolepididae . All other taxa treated here remain in the Cynipidae .

North American species (Nastasi and Deans 2021):

1. Diplolepis arefacta (Gillette, 1894)

2. Diplolepis ashmeadi ( Beutenmüller, 1918)

3. Diplolepis bassetti ( Beutenmüller, 1918)

4. Diplolepis bicolor (Harris, 1841)

5. Diplolepis californica ( Beutenmüller, 1914)

6. Diplolepis dichlocera (Harris, 1841)

7. Diplolepis fulgens (Gillette, 1894)

8. Diplolepis fusiformans (Ashmead, 1890)

9. Diplolepis gracilis (Ashmead, 1897)

10. Diplolepis ignota (Osten Sacken, 1863)

11. Diplolepis inconspicuis Dailey & Campbell, 1973

12. Diplolepis lens Weld, 1952

13. Diplolepis mayri (Schlechtendal, 1877)

14. Diplolepis nebulosa (Bassett, 1890)

15. Diplolepis neglecta (Gillette, 1894)

16. Diplolepis nervosa (Curtis, 1838)

17. Diplolepis nodulosa ( Beutenmüller, 1909)

18. Diplolepis oregonensis ( Beutenmüller, 1918)

19. Diplolepis ostensackeni ( Beutenmüller, 1918)

20. Diplolepis polita (Ashmead, 1890)

21. Diplolepis pustulatoides ( Beutenmüller, 1914)

22. Diplolepis radicum (Osten Sacken, 1863)

23. Diplolepis rosae (Linnaeus, 1758)

24. Diplolepis rosaefolii (Cockerell, 1889)

25. Diplolepis similis (Ashmead, 1896)

26. Diplolepis spinosa (Ashmead, 1887)

27. Diplolepis terrigena Weld, 1952

28. Diplolepis triforma Shorthouse & Ritchie, 1984

29. Diplolepis tuberculator (Cockerell, 1888)

30. Diplolepis tuberculosa (Osten Sacken, 1861)

31. Diplolepis tumida (Bassett, 1890)

32. Diplolepis variabilis (Bassett, 1890)

33. Diplolepis verna (Osten Sacken, 1863)

34. Diplolepis weldi ( Beutenmüller, 1913)

Figures

Figures 76 - 79. 76 Diplolepis bicolor, lateral view (USNMENT 01231831) 77 Diplolepis bicolor, lateral view (USNMENT 01231831) 78 Diplolepis bicolor, dorsal view (USNMENT 01231831) 79 Diplolepis rosae, fore wing (USNMENT 00655959).

Figures 87 - 95. 87 galls of Antistrophus pisum on stem of Lygodesmia juncea (Asteraceae: Cichorieae), photographed by Chris Friesen (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 95588437) 88 galls of Antistrophus rufus in dissected stem of Silphium laciniatum (Asteraceae: Heliantheae), photographed by Andy Deans (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 64708490) 89 gall of Antistrophus silphii on apical stem of Silphium integrifolium (Asteraceae: Heliantheae), photographed by Andy Deans (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 64708191) 90 galls of Diplolepis polita on leaves of Rosa sp. (Rosaceae: Roseae), photographed by Garth Harwood (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 165442438) 91 gall of Diplolepis californica on Rosa sp. (Rosaceae: Roseae), photographed by Mary K. Hanson (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 115655737) 92 gall of Diastrophus potentillae on Potentilla simplex (Rosaceae: Potentilleae), photographed by Tom Murray (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 134669544) 93 gall of Diastrophus nebulosus on stem of Rubus sp. (Rosaceae: Rubeae), photographed by Pam Curtin (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 174007397) 94 galls of Diastrophus kincaidii on stems of Rubus parviflorus (Rosaceae: Rubeae), photographed by Adam Heikkila (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 173314109) 95 galls of Phanacis taraxaci on petiole of Taraxacum officinale (Asteraceae: Cichorieae), photographed by Nathan Earley (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 174118397).