Acilepis squarrosa D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 169. 1825.

Bunwong, Sukhonthip, Chantaranothai, Pranom & Keeley, Sterling C., 2014, Revisions and key to the Vernonieae (Compositae) of Thailand, PhytoKeys 37, pp. 25-101 : 46-47

Acilepis squarrosa D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 169. 1825.

Vernonia teres Wall., Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2926, comp. no. 36, nom. nud.

Vernonia squarrosa (D.Don) Less., Linnaea 6: 678. 1831.

Type.

Nepal, Hamilton s.n. (not seen). Fig. 5I .

Description.

Perennial herbs, 30-80 cm tall. Stems erect, inconspicuously ribbed, villose. Leaves 3-10 by 1-3 cm, oblanceolate, margin serrate, apex acute, base cuneate, coriaceous; both surfaces scabrous with whip-shaped hairs and capitate glands; lateral veins 5-10-paired; petioles up to 5 mm long. Capitulescences terminal and axillary, solitary. Capitula campanulate, 15-20 mm long, sessile or subsessile. Receptacle flat, 4.5-5.5 mm in diam., glabrous. Involucres campanulate, in 12-13 series, 15-20 mm long, 10-15 mm in diam., herbaceous. Phyllaries light green or purple apically, margin piliferous, outer surface arachnoid and lacking glands; the outer and the middle ones ovate or lanceolate, apex acuminate or apiculate; the inner ones ovate-lanceolate to oblong, apex acuminate or apiculate. Florets 50-80; corollas funnelform, purple, puberulous, glands capitate; corolla tubes 7-10 mm long; corolla lobes 4-6 mm long. Anthers 3-3.5 mm long, apical appendage acute, base obtuse. Styles purple, 9-11 mm long, branches 2-3 mm long. Achenes subterete, 2.8-3.2 mm long, 10-ribbed, pubescent without glands. Pappus bristles, the inner ones 7-11 mm long.

Distribution.

Thailand: Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Lamphun, Lampang, Tak, Phetchabun, Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Mukdahan, Kalasin, Khon Kaen, Chaiyaphum, Nakhon Ratchasima, Surin, Uthai Thani, Kanchanaburi, Lop Buri, Prachin Buri, Chon Buri. China (Yunnan), India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos.

Specimens examined.

Thailand, Phetchabun, Nam Nao national park, 16°44.29'N, 101°34.19'E, 26 Dec 2007, S. Bunwong 374 (KKU, US); Mae Hong Son, Pai, 16 Jan 1983, H. Koyama & H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-32609 (BKF); Pai, 16 Jan 1786, Y. Paisooksantivatana 1780-86 (BK); Pai, 23 Nov 1989, Y. Paisooksantivatana 2548-89 (BK); Chiang Mai, Hod, 13 Jan 1983, H. Koyama & H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-32454 (BKF); Hod, 13 Nov 1965, Prayad 44 (BK); Hod, 4 Dec 1975, J. Sadakorn 664 (BK); Lamphun, Maeli, 3 Nov 1925, Winit 1515 (BKF, K); Lampang, Doi Khun Tan, 28 Dec 1984, H. Koyama & C. Phengklai T-39155 (BKF, L); Tak, Maesod, 13 Jan 1989, Y. Paisooksantivatana 2306-89 (BK); Phetchabun, Nam Nao national park, 18 Nov 1973, J.F. Maxwell 73-630 (AAU, BK); Nam Nao national park, 23 Jun 1975, J.F. Maxwell 75-626 (AAU, BK, L); Loei, Paa See Than, 2 Sep 1991, Dee 321 (BKF); Sakon Nakhon, 23 Nov 1962, Adisai 155 (BK); Sakon Nakhon, Phu Phan, 15 Nov 1984, G. Murata & C. Phengklai 50372 (BKF); Mukdahan, route number 212, 12 Dec 1982, H. Koyama & H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-32161 (BKF); Kalasin, Phu Sing, Sahadsakhan, 22 Oct 1975, S. Sutheesorn 3503 (BK); Khon Kaen, route to Nam Nao national park, 18 Nov 1979, T. Shimitzu, H. Toyokuni, H. Koyama, T. Yahara & C. Niyomdham T-22533 (BKF, L); Chaiyaphum, Kang Kraw, 23 Oct 1965, S. Sutheesorn 3048 (BK); Nakhon Ratchasima, Pak Thong Chai, 10 Nov 1963, Pradit 523 (BK); Hui Taleng, 21 Dec 1928, Put 2175 (BK, BM, K); Surin, 3 Dec 1976, C. Phengklai et al. 3595 (BKF); Uthai Thani, 4 Dec 1977, C. Phengklai et al. 3993 (BKF); Kanchanaburi, Thong Pha Phume, 25 Jan 1983, H. Koyama & H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-32909 (BKF); Thong Pha Phume, T. Shimitzu, H. Toyokuni, H. Koyama, T. Yahara & C. Niyomdham T-21892 (BKF, L).

Diagnostic characters.

Acilepis squarrosa is easily recognized by its large capitula (with more than 100 phyllaries) sessile in the axils of the leaves

Ecology.

Dipterocarp, deciduous, hill evergreen or pine-oak forest, alt. 10-1200 m; flowering September to May.

Vernacular names.

Kiang Pa Chang (เกี๋ยงพาช้าง), Nat Dhum (หนาดดำ), Nat Khum (หนาดคำ).

Figures

Figure 5. Morphology of Vernonieae in Thailand 1. A Acilepis attenuata B Acilepis divergens C Acilepis namnaoensis D Acilepis ngaoensis E Acilepis peguensis F Acilepis principis G Acilepis saligna H Acilepis silhetensis I Acilepis squarrosa.